Workload-capacity imbalances and their impact on self-management complexity in patients with multimorbidity: a multicenter cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Multimorbidity is increasing globally, emphasizing the need for effective self-management strategies. The Cumulative Complexity Model (CuCoM) offers a unique perspective on understanding self-management based on workload and capacity. This study aims to validate the CuCoM in multimorbid patients and identify tailored predictors of self-management.

Risk-based triage strategy by extended HPV genotyping for women with ASC-US cytology.

Objective: We attempted to evaluate the immediate high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion-cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2/3 or worse (HSIL-CIN2+/3+, hereafter referred to as CIN2+/3+) risk of specific human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype and form the precise risk-based triage strategy for atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) women.

Methods: The clinical data of ASC-US women who underwent HPV genotyping testing and colposcopy were retrospectively reviewed. The distribution and CIN2+/3+ risks of specific HPV genotype were assessed by three approaches.

Drivers of Palliative Care and Hospice Use Among Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer.

Purpose: Despite rigorous evidence of improved quality of life and longer survival, disparities in the utilization of palliative and hospice care persist for racial and ethnic minority patients with cancer. This study evaluated the impact of psychosocial factors on utilization of these services.

Methods: Patients with advanced lung cancer were recruited at a large academic urban hospital.

The Second Round of a Population-Based Seroprevalence Study of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies and COVID-19 Vaccination Assessment in the Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to assess the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in the Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, after five waves of COVID-19 and 1 year after introduction of vaccination to better understand the true extent of the COVID-19 pandemic in the population of the Republika Srpska and role of vaccination in achieving herd immunity.

Methods: The population-based study was conducted from December 2021 to February 2022 in a group of 4463 individuals in the Republika Srpska. Total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were determined in serum specimens using the Wantai total antibody ELISA assay.

Evaluating the effects, implementation experience and political economy of primary healthcare facility autonomy reforms within counties in Kenya: a mixed methods study protocol.

Introduction: There is a growing emphasis on improving primary health care services and granting frontline service providers more decision-making autonomy. In October 2023, Kenya enacted legislation mandating nationwide facility autonomy. There is limited understanding of the effects of health facility autonomy on primary health care (PHC) facilities performance.

Developing emergency medical care policy across Kenya: A framework for policy development.

Background And Objectives: The Kenya Emergency Medical Care (EMC) Policy 2020-2030 was created to guide the advancement of EMC throughout Kenya. This report describes and maps the ongoing EMC policy development process across Kenya's 47 counties, serving as a real-world example of EMC policy development within a decentralized healthcare system in a low-or middle-income country (LMIC).

Methods: This report evaluates the development of county-specific EMC policies using the Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA) six stages for policy development: 1) problem identification, 2) agenda setting, 3) policy design, 4) approval, 5) implementation, and 6) monitoring and evaluation.

Patient and Family Experience: Targets for Improvements in Care and Communication in the ICU.

This process improvement project sought to further explore the experience of patients and family members within an intensive care unit (ICU) hospital setting to develop specific interventions that can be executed to provide better patient-centered outcome. We surveyed 103 family members using the satisfaction with care subscale of Family Satisfaction with the ICU survey (FS-ICU) (validated ICU experience survey). 103 patients also completed FS-ICU subscale with a modification to make it applicable to patients.

System-failing creativity in health care.

Introduction: Health care professionals often generate novel solutions to solve problems during day-to-day patient care. However, less is known about generating novel and useful (i.e.

Using a participatory approach to identify priorities to advance LHS implementation at an academic medical center.

Introduction: Like many other academic medical centers, the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) aspires to adopt learning health system (LHS) principles and practices more fully. Applying LHS principles establishes a culture where clinical and operational practices constantly generate questions and leverage information technology (IT) and methodological expertise to facilitate systematic evaluation of care delivery, health outcomes, and the effects of improvement initiatives. Despite the potential benefits, differences in priorities, timelines, and expectations spanning an academic medical center's clinical care, administrative operations, and research arms create barriers to adopting and implementing an LHS.

NET Models Meeting 2024 white paper: the current state of neuroendocrine tumour research models and our future aspirations.

Current models for the study of neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are severely limited. While (e.g.

Somatosensory-Evoked Potentials and Clinical Assessments of Sensory Function Over Time in Patients With Subacute Stroke.

To demonstrate the utility of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) following median nerve stimulation for chronological assessment of sensory function in patients with subacute stroke during rehabilitation. Retrospective study. Forty-seven patients with hemiparesis due to stroke during the subacute phase.

From stroke to depression: The need for systematic screening for post-stroke depression.

Background: Post-stroke depression (PSD) negatively impacts the physical and mental well-being of stroke survivors. However, data on the prevalence and risk factors of PSD in African countries such as Cameroon are limited.

Aim: This study aims to determine the prevalence and factors associated with PSD among stroke survivors at a hospital in Cameroon and inform clinical practice.

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C and HIV Infections and Associated Risk Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Unit at Simada Hospital, South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia.

Hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are major public health issues in developing countries, including Ethiopia. These viruses can be transmitted from mother to child during birth or through contact with contaminated blood. In many areas of Ethiopia, viral hepatitis and HIV infections are significant health concerns for pregnant women.

Telehealth for Goals of Care Conversations in Advanced CKD: A Mixed-Methods Pilot Study of US Veterans and Their Clinicians.

Rationale & Objective: Engaging patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) in goals of care (GOC) conversations is essential to align life-sustaining treatments with patient preferences. This pilot study described the feasibility of engaging older Veterans with advanced CKD in GOC conversations via telehealth by (1) comparing patient characteristics, including life-sustaining treatment note completion rates and preferences by visit modality, and (2) exploring Veteran and clinician perspectives surrounding telehealth GOC conversations.

Study Design: Mixed-method convergent design including a prospective, quantitative observational cohort analysis (n = 40) and qualitative, semi-structured interviews with 4 clinicians and 11 Veterans.

Exploring potential key genes and pathways associatedwith hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis through bioinformatics analysis, followed by experimental validation.

Background: Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (LIHC) is a prevalent and aggressive liver cancer with limited therapeutic options. Identifying key genes involved in LIHC can enhance our understanding of its molecular mechanisms and aid in the development of targeted therapies. This study aims to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and key hub genes in LIHC using bioinformatics approaches and experimental validation.

Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Children: A 10-Year Retrospective Study.

Background and objective Intestinal parasitic infections are a major public health concern, especially in low-income regions with poor sanitation. Our hospital caters to a large migrant population, but data on these infections in Portugal is limited. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and characteristics of intestinal parasitic infections in pediatric patients from epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological perspectives.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Shockwave Lithotripsy vs Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy for Treatment of Renal Stones: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Renal stones are a prevalent condition requiring effective treatment strategies. This study evaluates the comparative effectiveness of shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) and ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URSL) in treating renal stones in a Pakistani cohort, focusing on stone clearance, recurrence, and complications.

Methods: This prospective cohort study involved 250 patients aged 18-55 diagnosed with renal stones.

Assessment of Total Antioxidant Capacity and Malondialdehyde Levels in Obese Patients With Periodontitis.

Background and objectives Obesity is increasingly recognized as a serious chronic health issue worldwide. Numerous studies have highlighted its association with periodontal disease. Both obesity and periodontal disease may be connected through oxidative stress.

Functional Deficits in Non-elite Soccer (Football) Players: A Strength, Balance, and Movement Quality Assessment After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Introduction: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) is the gold standard for treating ACL injuries, particularly in soccer players who are at a high risk of knee injury. While professional athletes often return to sport (RTS) within 7-10 months after ACLR, non-elite players experience significant delays. There is a need to investigate neuromuscular deficits and functional asymmetries in the non-elite group, which may persist even after clearance for RTS.

Unveiling the Malignancy Risk of Surgically Treated Bethesda III Thyroid Nodules: A 10-Year Retrospective Study Comparing Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) and Histopathology.

Introduction Thyroid malignancy remains a significant global health concern, making the accurate differentiation between benign and malignant thyroid nodules crucial for optimal patient management. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the gold-standard preoperative diagnostic tool, and The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology provides a standardized framework for interpretation. This 10-year retrospective study evaluated the malignancy risk in surgically treated patients with thyroid nodules classified as Bethesda Category III by comparing FNAC findings with histopathological outcomes.

ChatGPT-Assisted Machine Learning for Chronic Disease Classification and Prediction: A Developmental and Validation Study.

Background Chronic diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic liver disease (CLD), tuberculosis (TB), dementia, and heart disease are global health concerns of significant importance, representing major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early diagnosis and interventions are critical to improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare costs. Methods This prospective observational study analyzed clinical data from 270 patients (calculated using G*Power 3.

Comparative Effects of Basil Seed Consumption and Endurance Exercise on Irisin, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α), and Leptin Levels: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background and objective There is growing concern regarding metabolic and inflammatory disorders globally, underscoring the need for effective nonpharmacological interventions. Irisin, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and leptin are biomarkers of metabolic and inflammatory health. In this study, we aimed to investigate the comparative effects of basil seed supplementation or endurance exercise on biomarkers of chronic oxidative stress.

Relationship Between Quality of Life, Perceived Stress, and Disease Characteristics in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis in Al-Madinah.

Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common chronic disease. Perceived stress is one of the risk factors that stimulate UC activity. Long-term clinical suffering negatively alters the health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Using Osteopathic Manipulative Therapy to Treat Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Severe Refractory Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Case Report.

Both Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) pose significant healthcare burdens on the general population of America. Though first-line medications are available, concomitant burdens of polypharmacy, side effects, and inadequate control exist. Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) is a hands-on, physical manipulation technique that offers a personalized and direct approach to modifying the body's neuromuscular and viscerosomatic activity leading to decreased symptomatic burden with minimal side effects.

Role of Psychological Factors in Migraine.

Migraine, marked by moderate to severe headaches, is frequently accompanied by reversible neurological symptoms. Recent studies have revealed a complex and significant relationship between psychological factors and the onset and progression of migraine. Personality traits, such as neuroticism and harm avoidance, play a crucial role in the development, progression, and treatment outcomes of migraines.