Relaxin in pregnancy: a narrative review of a pleiotropic molecule.

Introduction: Relaxin is a hormone primarily produced by the corpus luteum during pregnancy, and it plays a critical role in various physiological processes related to pregnancy and childbirth.

Evidence Acquisition: Studies have suggested a possible link between relaxin levels and preterm birth. Relaxin's effects on the cervix and pelvic ligaments suggest it could influence the mode of delivery.

The impact of updated imaging software on the performance of machine learning models for breast cancer diagnosis: a multi-center, retrospective study.

Purpose: Artificial Intelligence models based on medical (imaging) data are increasingly developed. However, the imaging software on which the original data is generated is frequently updated. The impact of updated imaging software on the performance of AI models is unclear.

Postoperative abdominopelvic adhesion and umbilical wound validation after single-port laparoscopy or two-port laparoscopy for gynecological surgery: a comparison with conventional laparoscopy.

Purpose: The emergence of minimally invasive surgery has led to the development of laparoscopic surgery to reduce the number of ports. Although the incision for the umbilical port is sufficiently large, thus reducing the number of ports used during laparoscopic surgery, postoperative complications involving incisions at port sites have been reported. Thus, we analyzed postoperative intraperitoneal outcomes after laparoscopy by reviewing operation records and photographs of consecutive surgeries.

Efficacy and Tolerance of the Tampsec Vaginal Tampon for Treating Stress Urinary Incontinence. A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a highly prevalent condition in women. We hypothesized that the Tampsec™ vaginal tampon will be efficacious and well tolerated in its treatment.

Methods: This was a multicenter open-label parallel-group randomized control trial.

The Effect of Health Fatalism and Health-Seeking Behaviors on the Frequency of Non-Medication Coping Strategy Use in Women with Urinary Incontinence in Türkiye.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Health-seeking behavior is habitual among people in a society, resulting from the interaction and balance between health needs, health resources, and socioeconomic factors. This study seeks to investigate the influence of health fatalism and health-seeking behaviors on the frequency of non-medication coping strategy use among women with urinary incontinence in Türkiye.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between 8 August 2024, and 22 September 2024.

Quantum leadership: new approach in managing shoulder dystocia in simulation-based training.

Background: Shoulder dystocia, a challenging condition for obstetricians, poses significant risks to both maternal and neonatal health, including maternal postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal hypoxia, and brachial plexus injury. Despite being unpredictable and unpreventable, effective management can mitigate these risks. Miscommunication and poor leadership are responsible for 72% of medical errors, which further highlights the importance of robust leadership skills in obstetric emergencies.

Management of adhesive small bowel obstruction during pregnancy in the United States.

Background: Adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO) is a rare, nonobstetrical abdominal emergency. Optimal management of ASBO during pregnancy remains unknown. This study analyzes management trends and outcomes of pregnant patients with ASBO in the United States.

High Glucose Treatment Induces Nuclei Aggregation of Microvascular Endothelial Cells via the - Pathway.

Background: Hyperglycemia is a major contributor to endothelial dysfunction and blood vessel damage, leading to severe diabetic microvascular complications. Despite the growing body of research on the underlying mechanisms of endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction, the available drugs based on current knowledge fall short of effectively alleviating these complications. Therefore, our endeavor to explore novel insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction is crucial for the field.

Re-evaluating large for gestational age: differential effects on perinatal outcomes in term and premature births.

Objective: Pregnancies with large-for-gestational-age (LGA) fetuses are associated with increased risks of various adverse perinatal outcomes. While existing research primarily focuses on term neonates, less is known about preterm neonates. This study aims to explore the risks of adverse maternal and neonatal perinatal outcomes associated with LGA in term neonates and neonates with different degrees of prematurity, compared to appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) neonates.

The Global Burden of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Women of Reproductive Age: Findings from the GBD 2019 Study.

Purpose: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder and the primary cause of anovulatory infertility among women aged 15-49 years. Despite its significance, it has been largely overlooked in global health discussions, with persistently high prevalence and incidence rates. This public health challenge necessitates attention both domestically and internationally.

A free association semantic task for fNIRS-based perinatal depression assessment.

Perinatal depression (PD) is a highly prevalent psychological disorder that has a detrimental effect on infant and maternal physical and mental health, but effective and objective assessment of PD is still insufficient. In recent years, the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has been acknowledged as an effective non-invasive tool for clinical assessment of depression. This study proposed a free association semantic task (FAST) paradigm for fNIRS-based assessment of PD.

An analysis of knowledge, attitudes, practice and influencing factors for tuberculosis prevention and control among Hainan University students.

Objective: To assess the current status of knowledge, attitude, and practice pertaining to tuberculosis prevention among college students in Hainan Province, China, and to identify influential factors. The findings of this study are intended to provide valuable insights for the development and implementation of effective health education programs aimed at tuberculosis prevention and control.

Methods: A convenient sampling method was employed to conduct a questionnaire-based survey among college students at a university in Hainan Province using the Wenjuanxing platform from January to February 2023.

Nutrition users' guides: RCTs part 1 - structured guide for assessing risk of bias in randomised controlled trials that address therapy or prevention questions.

The purpose of this article, part 1 of 2 on randomised controlled trials (RCTs), is to provide readers (eg, clinicians, patients, health service and policy decision-makers) of the nutrition literature structured guidance on interpreting RCTs. Evaluation of a given RCT involves several considerations, including the potential for risk of bias, the assessment of estimates of effect and their corresponding precision, and the applicability of the evidence to one's patient. Risk of bias refers to flaws in the design or conduct of a study that may lead to a deviation from measuring the underlying true effect of an intervention.

External negative pressure improves lung aeration in near-term rabbit kittens at risk of developing respiratory distress.

Introduction: As airway liquid is cleared into lung interstitial tissue after birth, the chest wall must expand to accommodate this liquid and the incoming air. We examined the effect of applying external positive and negative pressures to the chest wall on lung aeration in near-term rabbit kittens at risk of developing respiratory distress.

Methods: Rabbit kittens (30 days; term ∼31 days) were randomised into and groups.

Predicting Survival Outcomes for Patients with Ovarian Cancer Using National Cancer Registry Data from Taiwan: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Ovarian cancer is one of the top seven causes of cancer deaths. Incidence of ovarian cancer varies by ethnicity, where Asian women demonstrate lower incidence rates than non-Hispanic Blacks and Whites. Survival prediction models for ovarian cancer have been developed for Caucasians and Black populations using national databases; however, whether these models work for Asians is unclear.

Determining the Correlation Between Blood Loss and Clinical Findings Among Patients with Postpartum Hemorrhage.

Background: There is a need for signs that will help the midwives or the health care providers attending deliveries to prevent the patient from going into hypovolemic shock, especially when immediate testing is not possible. The study aims to find the correlation between the clinical symptoms and blood loss in women with postpartum hemorrhage.

Methods: It is a descriptive observational study conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternity Hospitals.

Anamnesis Checklist for Informed Oral Contraceptive Choices: A Spanish Perspective.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop an anamnesis checklist for oral contraceptive (OC) choice focused on their safety profile and associated risk factors.

Study Design: This study involved eight health care professionals in Spain, including six gynecologists and two internists, selected for their expertise in contraception counseling. We employed the design-thinking process, structured in five phases: empathizing with patients' needs, defining key areas of impact, devising innovative solutions, prototyping ideas into testable proposals, and validating prototypes.

Transcript Changes of Placental Tissue in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Based on Transcriptome Sequencing.

Purpose: This study aims to identify key genes that may be involved in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus and to preliminarily elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: High-throughput transcriptome sequencing was employed to identify Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in placental tissue samples of GDM and normal pregnant women. Functional and pathway analyses of these DEGs were conducted using bioinformatics databases.

CT Texture Analysis in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing CT-Guided Bone Biopsy: Correlations With Histopathology.

Background: Texture analysis has the potential to deliver quantitative imaging markers. Patients receiving computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous bone biopsies could be characterized using texture analysis derived from CT. Especially for breast cancer (BC) patients, it could be crucial to better predict the outcome of the biopsy to better reflect the immunohistochemistry status of the tumor.

Optimizing Clinical Postgraduate Training: Perspectives of Postgraduate Alumni Regarding Their Residency Training at Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda.

Background: Understanding alumni satisfaction and the competencies gained during university training can guide improvements in education quality, particularly in higher education institutions. This study at Mbarara University of Science and Technology (MUST) explored the factors influencing alumni decisions, their residency experiences, and their levels of satisfaction. Additionally, it provided recommendations for improving graduate training programs.

Clinical Use of Dostarlimab in Advanced Stage and Recurrent Endometrial Cancer: Patient Selection and Perspectives.

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic cancer in developed nations with reported 420,368 new cases worldwide in 2022 and resulting in 97,723 deaths that year; it is also one of the few cancers with expected increases in incidence and mortality, which are expected to increase by 50% and 70%, respectively, by 2045. The mortality from EC can largely be attributed to the advanced stage and recurrent cases. Over the past decade, the standard of care for treatment of primary advanced stage and recurrent EC has been chemotherapy, resulting in a median overall survival (OS) of less than 3 years.

Activating Transcription Factor 5 Promotes Tumorigenic Capability in Cervical Cancer Through the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway.

Purpose: Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in women. Furthermore, owing to its significant risk of recurrence or metastasis, the overall prognosis of patients with cervical cancer remains poor. Activating transcription factor 5 (ATF5) plays a crucial role in cell proliferation, survival, and apoptosis, and has been implicated in the progression of various types of cancer.

Postoperative Surveillance Adherence in Colorectal Cancer Patients at Urban Medical Centers: Is It Adequate?

Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most frequent cancers in the United States. There are recognized guidelines for monitoring after curative CRC excision. This study looks into the rate of compliance with surveillance guidelines following CRC resection, as well as the impact of demographic characteristics.

Anesthetic Management and Considerations for Cesarean Delivery in a Patient With Cystic Fibrosis.

Recent advancements in therapeutics and risk reduction in the management of cystic fibrosis have increased the life expectancy of cystic fibrosis patients to the fifth decade of life. As the life expectancy of cystic fibrosis patients has increased, more cystic fibrosis patients have opted to pursue pregnancy. Normal pregnancy is accompanied by physiological changes that affect anesthetic management.