34 results match your criteria: "Department of Epidemiology and Population Health Albert Einstein College of Medicine[Affiliation]"

Background: The Hispanic/Latino population experiences socioeconomic disadvantages across the lifespan. Yet, little is known about the role of these disadvantages in cardiovascular health (CVH). We assessed the association of lifecourse socioeconomic position (SEP) with ideal CVH and change in Hispanic/Latino adults.

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Background: Cognitive decline may progress for decades before dementia onset. Better cardiovascular health (CVH) has been related to less cognitive decline, but it is unclear whether this begins early, for all racial subgroups, and all domains of cognitive function. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of CVH on decline in the 2 domains of cognition that decline first in White and Black women at midlife.

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Background: Blood pressure (BP) trajectories from young adulthood through middle age are associated with cardiovascular risk. We examined the associations of hypertension risk factors with BP trajectories among a large diverse sample.

Methods And Results: We analyzed data from young adults, aged 18 to 39 years, with untreated BP <140/90 mm Hg at baseline from Kaiser Permanente Southern California (N=355 324).

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Background: Life's Essential 8 (LE8) is a new metric to define cardiovascular health. We aimed to describe LE8 among Hispanics/Latinos and its association with incident hypertension.

Methods And Results: The HCHS/SOL (Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos) is a study of Hispanic/Latino adults aged 18 to 74 years from 4 US communities.

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Risk Factors for Sudden Cardiac Arrest Among Hispanic or Latino Adults in Southern California: Ventura PRESTO and HCHS/SOL.

J Am Heart Assoc

October 2023

Center for Cardiac Arrest Prevention, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Health System Advanced Health Sciences Pavilion Los Angeles CA USA.

Article Synopsis
  • Out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is a major health issue, especially among Hispanic or Latino populations in the U.S., which previously lacked targeted research.
  • A case-control study analyzed data from 1,468 SCA cases and 590 control participants, identifying chronic kidney disease as the strongest predictor of SCA risk, along with factors like heavy drinking, stroke, and other heart-related conditions.
  • Researchers suggest that early detection and treatment of chronic kidney disease, alongside efforts to manage cardiovascular conditions, could significantly reduce SCA risk in Hispanic or Latino communities.
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Background A lifestyle comprising a healthy diet, light alcohol consumption, no smoking, and moderate or intense physical activity has been associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We examined the association of a healthy lifestyle index (HLI), derived from scores for each of these components plus waist circumference, with the risk of incident CVD and CVD subtypes in postmenopausal women with normal body mass index (18.5-<25.

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Introduction: We investigated the utility of the Telephone-Montreal Cognitive Assessment (T-MoCA) to track cognition in a diverse sample from the Einstein Aging Study.

Methods: Telephone and in-person MoCA data, collected annually, were used to evaluate longitudinal cognitive performance. Joint models of T-MoCA and in-person MoCA compared changes, variance, and test-retest reliability measured by intraclass correlation coefficient by racial/ethnic group.

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Emotion regulation expectancies and smoking cessation factors: A daily diary study of California adults who smoke cigarettes during a practice quit attempt.

Drug Alcohol Depend

April 2023

Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N. Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, 3620 McClintock Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.

Significance: Cross-sectional studies have shown that greater cigarette smoking-related emotion regulation expectancies were associated with retrospectively reported withdrawal during prior quit attempts and greater barriers to cessation. Few studies have investigated the relationship of within-person daily emotion regulation expectancies to factors related to initiating and maintaining a brief quit attempt.

Methods: People living in California who smoked cigarettes daily (n = 220, 50 % female; 48.

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Background: The ideal participants for Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical trials would show cognitive decline in the absence of treatment (i.e., placebo arm) and would also respond to the therapeutic intervention.

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Unlabelled: Obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and chronic inflammation, have been positively associated both with postmenopausal breast cancer and with resting energy expenditure (REE). However, there is limited epidemiologic evidence on the associations between REE and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to examine the association between predicted REE (calculated using the Ikeda, Livingston, and Mifflin equations) and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer overall and by subtypes, and by level of body fat) among 137,283 postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI).

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Background Younger age at final menstrual period (FMP) is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease events. This paper evaluated whether older age at FMP is associated with more favorable patterns of lipid changes during the menopause transition and whether these changes are associated with less subclinical carotid disease in the postmenopausal years. Methods and Results Lipids and lipoproteins were measured repeatedly among 1554 premenopausal women who had a natural menopause during follow-up years (median=18.

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Background Evidence suggests that subjective (perceived) social status (SSS) may predict health outcomes more strongly than objective social status, but little is known about the relationship between SSS and cardiovascular health (CVH). This study focuses on this relationship among diverse Hispanic/Latino adults because while poor CVH profiles are prevalent in this population, immigration complicates attempts to measure their social status. Methods and Results We analyzed baseline HCHS/SOL (Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos) data on 15 374 Hispanic/Latino adults aged 18 to 74 years in 2008 to 2011.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study introduces EV-CATCHER, a specialized purification technique for selectively isolating small extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing nucleic acids, which can serve as biomarkers for diseases.
  • - EV-CATCHER was validated by isolating and sequencing small RNAs from mouse small-EVs in human plasma, demonstrating its effectiveness through various analytical methods.
  • - The technique was further applied to Covid-19 patient samples, revealing specific microRNAs that were significantly associated with disease severity, and confirming the neutralizing effects of certain EVs against SARS-CoV-2.
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Prehospital hypoxemia, measured by pulse oximetry, predicts hospital outcomes during the New York City COVID-19 pandemic.

J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open

April 2021

Office of Medical Affairs Fire Department of the City of New York Brooklyn New York USA.

Objective: To determine if oxygen saturation (out-of-hospital SpO2), measured by New York City (NYC) 9-1-1 Emergency Medical Services (EMS), was an independent predictor of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in-hospital mortality and length of stay, after controlling for the competing risk of death. If so, out-of-hospital SpO2 could be useful for initial triage.

Methods: A population-based longitudinal study of adult patients transported by EMS to emergency departments (ED) between March 5 and April 30, 2020 (the NYC COVID-19 peak period).

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Background Presence of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is associated with a higher risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mortality. The relationship between a healthy lifestyle and CHIP is unknown. Methods and Results This analysis included 8709 postmenopausal women (mean age, 66.

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Article Synopsis
  • There’s a pressing need to validate phone versions of cognitive assessments like the T-MoCA for remote evaluations, especially for older adults.
  • In a study with a diverse group of 428 participants (average age 78), researchers compared T-MoCA results with in-person assessments using statistical methods to check their agreement and diagnostic accuracy for identifying mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
  • The findings showed that while demographic factors influenced both types of assessments, they didn't significantly affect the comparison; the T-MoCA proved to be a reliable tool for screening MCI, particularly important in situations where in-person tests aren't possible.
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Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women has unique features, including associations with reproductive factors that are incompletely understood. Vasomotor symptoms (VMS), the classic menopausal symptom, are linked to CVD risk factors and subclinical CVD. Evidence linking VMS to CVD events is limited.

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Objectives: To describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on New York City's (NYC) 9-1-1 emergency medical services (EMS) system and assess the efficacy of pandemic planning to meet increased demands.

Methods: Longitudinal analysis of NYC 9-1-1 EMS system call volumes, call-types, and response times during the COVID-19 peak-period (March 16-April 15, 2020) and post-surge period (April 16-May 31, 2020) compared with the same 2019 periods.

Results: EMS system received 30,469 more calls from March 16-April 15, 2020 compared with March 16-April 15, 2019 (161,815 vs 127,962;  < 0.

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Convalescent plasma with severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies (CCP) may hold promise as treatment for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). We compared the mortality and clinical outcome of patients with COVID-19 who received 200mL of CCP with a Spike protein IgG titer ≥1:2,430 (median 1:47,385) within 72 hours of admission to propensity score-matched controls cared for at a medical center in the Bronx, between April 13 to May 4, 2020. Matching criteria for controls were age, sex, body mass index, race, ethnicity, comorbidities, week of admission, oxygen requirement, D-dimer, lymphocyte counts, corticosteroids, and anticoagulation use.

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Background: The nutritional status of women in the preconception period is of paramount importance due to its role in reproduction.

Objective: Our aim was to assess overall diet quality during the preconception period and its association with infant birth weight adjusted for gestational age (GA).

Design: This is an observational longitudinal cohort of Hispanic people living in the United States.

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Background Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by a proinflammatory state with high mortality. Statins have anti-inflammatory effects and may attenuate the severity of COVID-19. Methods and Results An observational study of all consecutive adult patients with COVID-19 admitted to a single center located in Bronx, New York, was conducted from March 1, 2020, to May 2, 2020.

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Article Synopsis
  • Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) might indicate early signs of Alzheimer's disease, but there's a lack of classification methods for it in community studies.
  • A study involving 1,115 older adults found that self-perceived cognitive functioning is linked to the development of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), even when accounting for various demographic and cognitive factors.
  • The researchers proposed a method for classifying SCD and highlighted its significance for understanding cognitive aging.
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