Challenges in managing HIV and non-communicable diseases and health workers' perception regarding integrated management of non-communicable diseases during routine HIV care in South Central Uganda: A qualitative study.

Background: Non-communicable diseases are highly prevalent among adults living with HIV, emphasizing the need for comprehensive healthcare strategies. However, a dearth of knowledge exists regarding the health systems challenges in managing HIV and non-communicable diseases and the perception of health workers regarding the integrated management of non-communicable diseases during routine HIV care in rural Ugandan settings. This study aims to bridge this knowledge gap by exploring the health system challenges in managing HIV and non-communicable diseases and health workers' perception regarding the integration of non-communicable diseases in routine HIV care in South Central Uganda.

Update on gene fusions and the emerging clinicopathological landscape of peritoneal and pleural mesotheliomas and other neoplasms.

Background: Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from mesothelial cells, which occasionally manifests recurrent fusions. EWSR1/FUS-CREB, YY1, MAP3K8, NR4A3, and ALK-rearranged proliferations have been reported in limited series with no clear histological or clinical correlations, limiting clinicians' ability to assess prognosis and integrate these new entities into therapeutic decisions. The aim of this study was to better characterize these rearranged proliferations histologically, molecularly, and clinically.

Effectiveness of smoking cessation intervention based on the ABC Approach in patients with TB.

Setting: Urban setting in the Philippines.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of the ABC Approach developed by The Union as a tobacco-smoking cessation intervention for TB patients at a primary healthcare level in an urban setting in the Philippines.

Design: We set up an intervention group whose patients with TB received the ABC approach and a control group of patients with TB receiving only routine health education in Manila, The Philippines.

Rising trend of symptomatic infections due to Hepatitis A virus infection in adolescent and adult age group: An observational study from a tertiary care liver institute in India.

Background: Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) is the most common cause of Acute Viral Hepatitis (AVH) in children. It causes self-limiting illness and rarely acute liver failure. The shifting pattern in HAV endemicity is rendering adolescents and adults vulnerable to infection.

Ensuring continuous TB treatment across Asian borders.

Background: Mid-treatment cross-border migration of patients with TB increases the risk of treatment interruption.

Objective: To establish a cross-border referral process for patients with TB in Japan, and enhance their access to health facilities and treatment outcomes.

Design: This prospective cohort study describes and assesses the process of foreign-born patients with TB who returned to their home countries during treatment, focusing on their access to healthcare facilities and treatment outcomes.

Treatment Options for Failed Back Surgery Syndrome: An Umbrella Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews on the Effectiveness of Therapeutic Interventions.

Background: Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) is a common and incapacitating condition affecting patients with previous spine surgery in whom treatment approach can be challenging. This study aimed to summarize existing secondary studies and up-to-date randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that assess the effectiveness of available treatment options for FBSS.

Methods: Systematic searches were carried out in five databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Scielo, Epistemonikos, and Google scholar) for all systematic reviews on the effectiveness of treatment options for FBSS published after 2012.

Comparative analysis of venous thromboembolic complications in diverse groups of orthopaedic patients.

Introduction And Objective: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of the most important and life-threatening complications in orthopaedic surgery. According to current scientific reports, there are several variables that can affect the severity of CVD, including the site of the pathology or the type of treatment implemented. The aim of the study was to analyze the risk of VTE depending on the location of the pathology, as well as to evaluate the impact of surgical treatment compared to conservative management.

Respiratory tract viral infections associated sepsis in patients with underlying liver disease: Viral sepsis an entity to look forward!

Background: Sepsis remains a global health burden associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Bacteria are known to be the predominant pathogens in sepsis; however, viral etiologies in sepsis are still under diagnosed. Respiratory viral pathogens have been previously linked to sepsis, but the knowledge of incidence, disease burden and mortality of viral-induced sepsis remains limited.

Relationship between the components of disability definition and the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures as a process.

Introduction And Objective: The number of disabled persons is most often only estimated. The disabled require multidirectional, effective support in almost every field of functioning. There is no arbitrarily accepted definition of disability, and those currently available outline the ranges of support for which rehabilitation measures are necessary.

Predictors of hospital mortality and multidrug-resistant pathogens in hospitalized pneumonia patients residing in the community.

Background And Objective: The 2019 ATS/ADSA guidelines for adult community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) eliminated healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) and considered it to be a form of CAP. This concept, however, was based on studies with relatively small sample sizes.

Methods: We investigated the risk factors of 30-day mortality, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and infections in patients with pneumonia coming from the community using the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database, a nationwide discharge database of acute care hospitals.

Ischemic Stroke in the Course of COVID-19 in a 16-Year-Old Boy.

The SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19 disease is still evolving and, despite the end of the acute phase of the pandemic, still poses a risk to public health. One of the very rare complications, occurring in less than 1% of children, is multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MISC). Due to the risk of thromboembolic complications as well as cardiac problems, MISC carries a number of life-threatening complications.

Performance evaluation of NeuMoDx 96 system for hepatitis B and C viral load.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) viral load (VL) estimation is essential for the management of both HBV and HCV infections. Due to a longer turnaround time for VL estimation, many patients drop out from the cascade of care. To achieve the global goals of reducing morbidity and mortality due to HBV/HCV and moving towards their elimination by 2030, molecular diagnostic platforms with faster and random ( single sample) access are needed.

Trace Elements Levels in Major Depressive Disorder-Evaluation of Potential Threats and Possible Therapeutic Approaches.

The multifactorial etiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) includes biological, environmental, genetic, and psychological aspects. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in metallomic studies in psychiatry, aiming to evaluate the role of chosen trace elements in the MDD etiology as well as the progression of symptoms. This narrative review aims to summarize the available literature on the relationship between the concentration of chosen elements in the serum of patients with MDD and the onset and progression of this psychiatric condition.

The Impact of the War in Ukraine on the Epidemiological Situation of Tuberculosis in Europe.

Ukraine is at the forefront of one of the largest outbreaks of tuberculosis (TB) in Europe, including multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Due to the ongoing armed conflict in this area, there is a significant number of refugees from Ukraine to other European countries. The aim of the study is to emphasize the essence of the problem of the increased incidence of tuberculosis, taking into account the impact of the armed conflict in Ukraine, resulting in the intensification of migration movements.

UDP-glucose dehydrogenase (UGDH) in clinical oncology and cancer biology.

UDP-glucose-6-dehydrogenase (UGDH) is a cytosolic, hexameric enzyme that converts UDP-glucose to UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcUA), a key reaction in hormone and xenobiotic metabolism and in the production of extracellular matrix precursors. In this review, we classify UGDH as a molecular indicator of tumor progression in multiple cancer types, describe its involvement in key canonical cancer signaling pathways, and identify methods to inhibit UGDH, its substrates, and its downstream products. As such, we position UGDH as an enzyme to be exploited as a potential prognostication marker in oncology and a therapeutic target in cancer biology.

Evolution of Patterns of Care and Outcomes in the Real-Life Setting for Patients with Metastatic GIST Treated in Three French Expert Centers over Three Decades.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are rare mesenchymal tumors characterized by or mutations. Over three decades, significant changes in drug discovery and loco-regional (LR) procedures have impacted treatment strategies. We assessed the evolution of treatment strategies for metastatic GIST patients treated in the three national coordinating centers of NetSarc, the French network of sarcoma referral centers endorsed by the National Institute of Cancers, from 1990 to 2018.

A qualitative exploration of tuberculosis patients who were lost to follow-up in Malaysia.

Background: Loss to follow-up (LTFU) is an unsuccessful treatment outcome for tuberculosis (TB) patients. In Malaysia, LTFU affects around 1 in 20 TB patients. Integration of qualitative research methods and evidence will provide a better understanding of LTFU and its underlying issues.

Multimodal postoperative analgesia with transdermal buprenorphine is a safe option in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Background: Arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs are associated with moderate-to-severe pain. Opioids are not the first line for postsurgical pain control due to their potential misuse and side effects. Transdermal buprenorphine represents an alternative for multimodal postoperative pain control.

Associations of COVID-19 symptoms with omicron subvariants BA.2 and BA.5, host status, and clinical outcomes in Japan: a registry-based observational study.

Background: Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination, coupled with the rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants, have modified COVID-19 clinical manifestations. We aimed to characterise the clinical symptoms of COVID-19 individuals in omicron BA.2 and BA.

Global, regional, and national estimates of tuberculosis incidence and case detection among incarcerated individuals from 2000 to 2019: a systematic analysis.

Background: People who are incarcerated are at high risk of developing tuberculosis. We aimed to estimate the annual global, regional, and national incidence of tuberculosis among incarcerated populations from 2000 to 2019.

Methods: We collected and aggregated data for tuberculosis incidence and prevalence estimates among incarcerated individuals in published and unpublished literature, annual tuberculosis notifications among incarcerated individuals at the country level, and the annual number of incarcerated individuals at the country level.