Automating the practice of science: Opportunities, challenges, and implications.

Automation transformed various aspects of our human civilization, revolutionizing industries and streamlining processes. In the domain of scientific inquiry, automated approaches emerged as powerful tools, holding promise for accelerating discovery, enhancing reproducibility, and overcoming the traditional impediments to scientific progress. This article evaluates the scope of automation within scientific practice and assesses recent approaches.

Vulnerability to natural disasters and sustainable consumption: Unraveling political and regional differences.

The urgent calls for action on climate change underscore the importance of increasing sustainable behavior among individuals who have traditionally veered away from it, such as those on the political right. Utilizing data from four geopolitical regions across 24 countries, we explore whether vulnerability to natural disasters, brought on by either experiencing or anticipating a natural disaster, is a crucial factor. We find that as vulnerability to natural disasters increases, sustainable consumption intentions significantly increase among rightists in Western Europe, Israel, and the United States.

Discourse on measurement.

Measurement literacy is required for strong scientific reasoning, effective experimental design, conceptual and empirical validation of measurement quantities, and the intelligible interpretation of error in theory construction. This discourse examines how issues in measurement are posed and resolved and addresses potential misunderstandings. Examples drawn from across the sciences are used to show that measurement literacy promotes the goals of scientific discourse and provides the necessary foundation for carving out perspectives and carrying out interventions in science.

Metabolomic and proteomic changes in leaves of rubber seedlings infected by Phytophthora palmivora.

Phytophthora palmivora, an oomycete pathogen, induces leaf fall disease in rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis), causing significant economic losses. Effective disease management requires an understanding metabolic dynamics during infection. This study employed untargeted metabolomic and proteomic analyses to investigate the response of rubber seedling leaves to P.

Nexus: A versatile console for advanced low-field MRI.

Purpose: To develop a low-cost, high-performance, versatile, open-source console for low-field MRI applications that can integrate a multitude of different auxiliary sensors.

Methods: A new MR console was realized with four transmission and eight reception channels. The interface cards for signal transmission and reception are installed in PCI Express slots, allowing console integration in a commercial PC rack.

Explore barriers to using the internet for health information access in African countries: A systematic review.

Background: The Internet is a crucial source of health information, providing access to vast volumes of high-quality, up-to-date, and relevant healthcare information. Its impact extends beyond information access, influencing medical practice through the widespread adoption of telemedicine and evidence-based medicine. Despite the significant global increase in internet usage, Africa lags in internet penetration, particularly in utilizing the internet for health information.

Competencies of nurses to participate in safe medication management practices for biologics: A scoping review.

Aim: To review the existing literature relating to nurse competence in safe medication management practices for biologics, identify evidence, and develop a competency framework to clarify the role of nurses in these practices.

Background: With the widespread use of biological agents in disease treatment, ensuring the safe and economical use of high-cost medicines is particularly important. Even though nurses are essential in patient care, detailed knowledge regarding their competence and role in the safe administration of biologics is lacking.

Data quality in centenarian research: The proxy-centenarian relationship and item nonresponse in the SWISS100 study.

Background: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the investigation of very old individuals. However, various challenges arise when collecting data from this age group. Given potential health and cognitive impairments and the difficulty of retrieving accurate self-reported data, involving individuals knowledgeable of the target person as proxy respondents are an invaluable solution.

The prevalence and related factors of social frailty in older adults: A low- and middle-income country perspective.

Objectives: There are no studies examining the prevalence of social frailty and associated factors in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of social frailty and identify the contributing factors among older adults in Türkiye.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 570 participants aged 65 and older, all outpatients at a geriatric clinic.

Enhanced silk production and pupal weight in Bombyx mori through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated circadian Clock gene disruption.

The domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori, is crucial for global silk production, which is a significant economic activity supporting millions of livelihoods worldwide. Beyond traditional silk production, the growing demand for insect larvae in cosmetics, biomedical products, and animal feed underscores the need to enhance B. mori productivity.

The customer satisfaction model in the mobile telecommunications sector after Covid-19 pandemic.

The subject of this paper is modeling customer satisfaction in the mobile telecommunication industry following the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on standard customer satisfaction models, a specialized model tailored for the mobile telecommunication industry has been developed to account for its unique characteristics, including market concentration. This model was created within the Slovakian context using the Structural Equation Modelling method.

A study of Chinese enterprises' business models to determine the impact of dynamic capabilities on innovation and performance.

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can gain a competitive advantage by implementing business model innovation (BMI), which is characterized as irreversible changes to a company's business model. However, BMI is often associated with high risk, uncertainty, and ambiguity. In this study, the effectiveness of BMI on improving SME performance is examined using structural equation modeling (SEM) based on data collected from 330 Chinese SMEs.

A comprehensive outline of antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic prescribing, and antimicrobial stewardship in South Africa: A scoping review protocol.

Introduction: The global prevalence of antimicrobial resistance transcends geographical and economic boundaries, affecting populations worldwide. Excessive and incorrect use of antibiotics encourages antimicrobial resistance which leads to complex treatment strategies for infectious diseases and possible failure of treatment. The incorrect and unnecessary prescribing of antibiotics places a burden on healthcare costs and thus, antimicrobial resistance is evident globally as a major public health concern.

Using machine learning to forecast peak health care service demand in real-time during the 2022-23 winter season: A pilot in England, UK.

During winter months, there is increased pressure on health care systems in temperature climates due to seasonal increases in respiratory illnesses. Providing real-time short-term forecasts of the demand for health care services helps managers plan their services. During the Winter of 2022-23 we piloted a new forecasting pipeline, using existing surveillance indicators which are sensitive to increases in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

First-Attempt Success in Ultrasound-Guided vs Standard Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Insertion: The EPIC Superiority Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Pediatric peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) insertion can be difficult and time-consuming, frequently requiring multiple insertion attempts and often resulting in increased anxiety, distress, and treatment avoidance among children and their families. Ultrasound-guided PIVC insertion is a superior alternative to standard technique (palpation and visualization) in high-risk patients.

Objective: To compare first-time insertion success of PIVCs inserted with ultrasound guidance compared with standard technique (palpation and visualization) across all risk categories in the general pediatric hospital population.

Impact of Medicaid Policies on Pre-pregnancy Preventive Dental Care.

Background: Dental care before pregnancy is critical for preventing poor oral health, which is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. People with low incomes, however, may face insurance-related barriers to obtaining dental care. Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act increased access to dental care utilization among adults with low incomes.

Understanding the reproductive ecology of Macrognathus aculeatus in wetland (Gajner beel) ecosystem: insights into eco-climatic influences in northwestern Bangladesh.

The lesser spiny eel, Macrognathus aculeatus (Bloch, 1786), holds substantial economic importance as a food fish in South Asia, due to its exceptional nutritional value. This study was conducted to investigate the reproductive ecology of M. aculeatus within the Gajner beel wetland ecosystem in northwestern Bangladesh, with a specific focus on size at sexual maturity, spawning season, and fecundity in relation to eco-climatic variables.

Sleep Quality Among a Sample of Medical Students and the Association with Academic Performance: An Updated Data.

Sleep is influenced by various factors, including social, economic, genetic, and medical factors, and work and study schedules. Medical students are highly susceptible to sleep-related problems. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the sleep patterns and quality of medical students and determine their correlation with academic achievement.

Impact of low back and neck pain on the Spanish women-workers' health: effectiveness of a Back School.

Background: Neck and back pain pathologies are currently the main cause of absenteeism from work in Spain and in the European Union, and represent a high socio-labor, economic and health cost for the Health Systems.

Aim: To assess the effectiveness of a Back School Program of a Spanish mutual insurance company (risk factors, pain and disability scales) in women workers with low back or neck pain.

Design: We combined a descriptive study of first-session data collected in the total sample and a prospective multicenter intervention study in those participants who completed the second and third check-up at 6 and 9 months.

Parent-Adult Child Relationships and Repartnering After Gray Divorce.

Objectives: The rise in gray divorce has catalyzed repartnering in later life. However, the antecedents of older adult repartnering remain poorly understood, particularly the potential role of adult children. A form of ambiguous loss, marital disruption often leads to family boundary ambiguity, thereby weakening family ties.

PCR-based detection technique and gamma irradiation strategies for managing -induced brown rot of potato.

Purpose: The study focused on developing a rapid PCR-based detection method and employing gamma irradiation techniques to manage , aiming to produce brown rot-free export-quality potatoes. This initiative seeks to enhance potato exports from Bangladesh.

Materials And Methods: Samples of potato tubers and soil were collected from various commercially significant potato-growing areas, resulting in a total of 168 isolates from potato tubers and soil across 12 regions.

Diet quality indicators and organic food consumption in mothers of young children.

Background: The health benefits of organic food provide one reason for consuming it. Various studies have shown that regular organic food consumers (REG eco-con) follow a healthier diet. However, this topic has not been explored in Poland.

The association between adult child education and cognitive functioning among older parents: A cross-national comparison of diverse contexts.

Introduction: The association between adult child educational attainment and older parent's cognitive health may vary across diverse contexts but cross-national comparisons have been limited by differences in outcome assessment, study design, and analytic choices.

Methods: We used harmonized data with comprehensive cognitive assessments from the United States (N = 3088), India (N = 3828), and Mexico (N = 1875) to estimate associations between adult child education and older adults' cognitive functioning using linear regression models adjusted for respondent and family-level socio-economic status (SES) in each study.

Results: Each additional year of offspring education was associated with 0.

Nursing as a Functional System of Society. A Systems Theoretical Perspective on Nursing and the Research Object of Nursing Science.

The transformation of societies' age structures has intensified the need for nursing care, especially in economically developed regions of the world. This will necessitate societal decisions that determine how care needs are met in the long term. This article offers a sociological perspective on nursing care using Luhmann's systems theory.