Experimental evolution supports signatures of sexual selection in genomic divergence.

Comparative genomics has contributed to the growing evidence that sexual selection is an important component of evolutionary divergence and speciation. Divergence by sexual selection is implicated in faster rates of divergence of the X chromosome and of genes thought to underlie sexually selected traits, including genes that are sex biased in expression. However, accurately inferring the relative importance of complex and interacting forms of natural selection, demography, and neutral processes that occurred in the evolutionary past is challenging.

Adaptation to hummingbird pollination is associated with reduced diversification in .

A striking characteristic of the Western North American flora is the repeated evolution of hummingbird pollination from insect-pollinated ancestors. This pattern has received extensive attention as an opportunity to study repeated trait evolution as well as potential constraints on evolutionary reversibility, with little attention focused on the impact of these transitions on species diversification rates. Yet traits conferring adaptation to divergent pollinators potentially impact speciation and extinction rates, because pollinators facilitate plant reproduction and specify mating patterns between flowering plants.

Nonclonal coloniality: Genetically chimeric colonies through fusion of sexually produced polyps in the hydrozoan .

Hydrozoans typically develop colonies through asexual budding of polyps. Although colonies of are similar to other hydrozoans in that they consist of multiple polyps physically connected through continuous epithelia and shared gastrovascular cavity, does not asexually bud polyps indeterminately. Instead, after an initial phase of limited budding in a young colony, achieves its large colony size through the aggregation and fusion of sexually (nonclonally) produced polyps.