9 results match your criteria: "Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of Manchester Manchester UK.[Affiliation]"

Article Synopsis
  • Root functional traits significantly affect soil properties important for ecosystem functioning, yet their interplay with perturbations like defoliation and fertilisation is under-researched.
  • This study analyzed how root traits of various grassland plant species (with differing resource strategies) respond to defoliation and fertilisation both separately and together, and how these responses influence soil properties.
  • Findings revealed that defoliation increased specific root length but decreased root biomass, while fertilisation had opposite effects; both perturbations enhanced the influence of root traits on soil stability and other properties crucial for ecosystem health.
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Ecology & Evolution has published its first Registered Report and offers the perspective of the editor, author, and student on the publication process.

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Ecologists have long debated the properties that confer stability to complex, species-rich ecological networks. Species-level soil food webs are large and structured networks of central importance to ecosystem functioning. Here, we conducted an analysis of the stability properties of an up-to-date set of theoretical soil food web models that account both for realistic levels of species richness and the most recent views on the topological structure (who is connected to whom) of these food webs.

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While the effect of drought on plant communities and their associated ecosystem functions is well studied, little research has considered how responses are modified by soil depth and depth heterogeneity. We conducted a mesocosm study comprising shallow and deep soils, and variable and uniform soil depths, and two levels of plant community composition, and exposed them to a simulated drought to test for interactive effects of these treatments on the resilience of carbon dioxide fluxes, plant functional traits, and soil chemical properties. We tested the hypotheses that: (a) shallow and variable depth soils lead to increased resistance and resilience of ecosystem functions to drought due to more exploitative plant trait strategies; (b) plant communities associated with intensively managed high fertility soils, will have more exploitative root traits than extensively managed, lower fertility plant communities.

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Article Synopsis
  • * A 13-year study in a subtropical Chinese fir forest tested different levels of nitrogen addition and found that increased nitrogen led to a decline in the number of herbaceous plant species and altered their nutrient ratios, particularly affecting sensitive species.
  • * The research highlights that while sensitive plants showed higher foliar N:P ratios and changes in water use efficiency under nitrogen addition, resistant plants maintained stable nutrient ratios, suggesting that nutrient stoichiometry is crucial for plant survival amidst environmental changes.
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Food systems are significant sources of global greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE). Since emission intensity varies greatly between different foods, changing food choices towards those with lower GHGE could make an important contribution to mitigating climate change. Public engagement events offer an opportunity to communicate these multifaceted issues and raise awareness about the climate change impact of food choices.

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Loss of plant biodiversity can result in reduced abundance and diversity of associated species with implications for ecosystem functioning. In ecosystems low in plant species diversity, such as Neotropical mangrove forests, it is thought that genetic diversity within the dominant plant species could play an important role in shaping associated communities. Here, we used a manipulative field experiment to study the effects of maternal genotypic identity and genetic diversity of the red mangrove on the composition and richness of associated soil bacterial communities.

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Maternal effects (i.e. trans-generational plasticity) and soil legacies generated by drought and plant diversity can affect plant performance and alter nutrient cycling and plant community dynamics.

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Article Synopsis
  • Research on plant traits suggests that above-ground characteristics like leaf nitrogen content are important for predicting ecosystem functions such as productivity and carbon storage.
  • The study examined both above- and below-ground plant traits in temperate grassland to see how they relate to each other and to soil properties and ecosystem carbon fluxes.
  • Findings indicated that while some relationships between above- and below-ground traits were evident in monocultures, they weakened or disappeared in mixed communities, highlighting the complexity of predicting ecosystem behaviors in diverse plant settings.
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