Spontaneous otoacoustic emission as a novel method to screen pulsatile tinnitus caused by sigmoid sinus wall abnormalities: a prospective study.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic potential of spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAE), distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE), and pure-tone audiometry (PTA) in patients with pulsatile tinnitus (PT) caused by sigmoid sinus wall anomalies (SSWA).

Methods: This study included 20 PT patients and 20 matched healthy controls. SOAE, DPOAE, and PTA were assessed before and after compression of the internal jugular vein.

Irradiated Homologous Costal Cartilage Grafts in Complex Functional Septorhinoplasty.

Optimal results in complex nasal reconstruction, particularly in the context of post-traumatic and revision septorhinoplasty, often require the use of cartilage grafts to provide additional structural support to the nose. While autologous costal cartilage (ACC) has been traditionally used, this can be limited by donor site morbidity, increased operative time, and in some cases, lack of suitable cartilage for grafting. There has been a trend towards using irradiated homologous costal cartilage (IHCC) as an alternative source of graft material.

Sonography of Salivary Gland Tumors and Disorders.

Diseases of the salivary glands are as common as they are diverse and can have different causes. Clinicians can differentiate salivary gland changes based on chronic systemic diseases, congenital and vascular malformations, and benign and malignant tumors. Acute infectious pathologies can also arise as a result of obstructive pathologies.

Digital Frequency Customized Relieving Sound for Chronic Subjective Tinnitus Management: Prospective Controlled Study.

Background: Tinnitus is a major health issue, but currently no tinnitus elimination treatments exist for chronic subjective tinnitus. Acoustic therapy, especially personalized acoustic therapy, plays an increasingly important role in tinnitus treatment. With the application of smartphones, personalized acoustic stimulation combined with smartphone apps will be more conducive to the individualized treatment and management of patients with tinnitus.

Tear neuropeptides are associated with clinical symptoms and signs of dry eye patients.

Purpose: To evaluate levels of 3 tear-soluble neuropeptides in dry eye patients and to identify the correlations with clinical signs and symptoms.

Methods: A total of 16 dry eye patients and 12 healthy volunteers were enrolled. Dry eye disease (DED) diagnosis was based on the 2017 Report of the Tear Film & Ocular Surface Society International Dry Eye Workshop (TFOS DEWS II).

Effect of group management on disease cognition and fear of disease progression, nutritional status, and quality of life in patients with head and neck tumors.

Objective: To investigate the effect of group guided training management on disease cognition and fear of disease progression, nutritional status, and quality of life in patients undergoing chemotherapy for head and neck tumors.

Methods: A total of 88 patients diagnosed with malignant head and neck tumors who were admitted to Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2020 to February 2021 were included as the subjects of this study. Patients receiving standard care were set as the control group (n=43), and patients undergoing group education were set as the study group (n=45).

BA inhibits LPS-stimulated inflammatory response and apoptosis in human middle ear epithelial cells by regulating the Nf-Kb/Iκbα axis.

Otitis media (OM) is a prevalent childhood ear disease characterized by inflammation of the middle ear cavity, which can lead to ear pain, fever, and hearing loss. The pathogenesis of OM is multifaceted, encompassing a variety of factors including bacterial or viral infections, host immune responses, and the function of middle ear epithelial cells. Boswellic acid (BA), a natural triterpene compound extracted from frankincense resin, has been proven to possess significant anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.

Changes in the effective optical zone following hyperopic keratorefractive lenticule extraction.

Objective: To evaluate the longitudinal changes in the effective optical zone (EOZ) following hyperopic keratorefractive lenticule extraction (KLEx) and investigate factors influencing the EOZ.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study included 27 patients who underwent hyperopic KLEx. According to the transition zone (TZ) sizes, they were divided into two groups: group A (21 eyes) with a 2.

Temperature-Controlled Radiofrequency Treatment of the Nasal Valve in Patients With Nasal Obstruction: Long-Term Outcomes.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and durability of temperature-controlled radiofrequency (TCRF) treatment of the nasal valve in patients with severe or extreme nasal airway obstruction (NAO).

Study Design: A long-term, prospective, multicenter, single-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Sixteen otolaryngologic clinics and academic centers.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss - A Comorbidity Lens.

Objective: To determine the outcomes of patients receiving hyperbaric oxygen therapy for sudden sensorineural hearing loss and the impact of patient comorbidities on outcomes.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

[Pre-implementation of electronic patient-reported outcomes at reference centers for head and neck oncology : A roadmap towards patient-centered digitalization].

Background: Electronically captured patient reports (electronic patient-reported outcomes, ePROs) are digital questionnaires filled out by cancer patients. Despite indications of improved clinical care, the integration of ePROs into clinical head and neck oncology is uncharted territory.

Objective: This work outlines the implementation process for ePROs at the University Hospital for Otorhinolaryngology at the Medical University of Innsbruck (ENT Innsbruck).

Transformative Gamified Binocular Therapy for Unilateral Amblyopia in Young Children: Pilot Prospective Efficacy and Safety Study.

Background: Amblyopia is a common cause of visual impairment in children. Compliance with traditional treatments for amblyopia is challenging due to negative psychosocial impacts. Recent shifts in amblyopia treatment have moved from suppressing the dominant eye to enhancing binocular visual function.

Lateralization of the Aberrant Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuation within the Default Mode Network in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Rationale And Objectives: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common pathogenesis of dementia, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered as the intermediate stage from normal elderly to AD. Early detection of MCI is an essential step for the timely intervention of AD to slow the progression of this disease. Different form previous studies in the whole-brain spontaneous activities, this research aimed to explore the low-frequency amplitude spectrum activities of patients with MCI within the default mode network (DMN), which has been involved in the process of maintaining normal cognitive function.

Prediction Model for Early Subacute Phase Tracheostomy Decannulation in Patients with Stroke.

This study aims to identify the factors influencing decannulation in patients with stroke who underwent tracheostomy during the early subacute phase. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 219 patients with stroke who underwent a tracheostomy at a tertiary hospital between January 2020 and December 2023. Among them, there were 155 males and 64 females.

The feasibility of endoscopic stapes surgery: A three-dimensional planning method.

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of a semi-automatic algorithm in assessing the feasibility and complexity of endoscopic stapes surgery preoperatively.

Methods: A semi-automatic algorithm was developed to simulate endoscopic stapes surgery in 3D. To test the accuracy of the algorithm, five fresh-frozen cadaveric heads (ten ears) were used.

A Rare Case of Ramsey Hunt Syndrome With Cranial Polyneuropathy: Findings of the Brain MRI.

In this case, we present the case of a 74-year-old female patient who visited the University Hospital of Patras, Greece, because of a 10-day history of earache and discharge in the left ear. Concurrently, the patient exhibited ipsilateral peripheral facial nerve palsy. We also observed vesicular eruption at the auricle and the external auditory canal (EAC) of the left ear.

Newly identified cell types crucial for gut commensal tolerance.

The generation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) through interactions with antigen-presenting cells (APCs) is essential for establishing tolerance to gut commensals. Recent findings highlight the critical role of RORγt-lineage APCs, especially in gut-associated lymphoid tissues, in the induction of microbiota-specific peripheral Tregs and maintaining gut immune homeostasis.

Exploring knowledge of first aid in epistaxis-25 years on.

Background: Epistaxis is the most common acute disorder managed by ENT services. A 1998 survey (Strachan and England) demonstrated widespread ignorance of correct first aid amongst the public with only 11% of respondents applying correct first aid techniques. Here we repeated and expanded the 1998 study to investigate whether understanding of correct first aid in epistaxis amongst the public and emergency department staff has improved in the last 25 years.

The edaphic factor and orchids: Gymnadenia conopsea from contrasting geologies in the Central Balkans.

Two different strategies for the distribution of macro- and trace elements can be observed in the terrestrial orchid Gymnadenia conopsea. Most trace elements are not translocated to the above-ground parts, whereas for macro-elements the trend was reversed, with the highest accumulation in the distal parts of the plants. Edaphic stress is one of the main factors affecting plant fitness, but it is still poorly understood, even in rare plants such as orchids.

In vivo assessment of regional scleral stiffness by shear wave elastography and its association with choroid and retinal nerve fiber layer characteristics in high myopia.

Purpose: To evaluate the posterior scleral stiffness of different regions in high myopic eyes and to explore its associations with macular choroidal and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness and vasculature.

Methods: Thirty subjects with high myopic eyes and 30 subjects with low myopic eyes were included in this study. The elastic modulus of the macular and peripapillary sclera at the temporal, nasal, superior and inferior regions were determined via shear wave elastography (SWE).

Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Trial to Assess Efficacy and Safety of ELOM-080 in Outpatients with COVID-19.

Introduction: Incidences of infections with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are still high and treatment guidelines lack specific recommendations for outpatients with Coronavirus-induced disease 2019 (COVID-19). Phytomedicine ELOM-080, an enhancer of mucociliary clearance (MCC), showed benefits as add-on therapy in hospitalised COVID-19 patients.

Methods: This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled proof-of-concept study investigated whether outpatients with mild to moderate acute symptomatic COVID-19 would benefit from a 14-day treatment with ELOM-080 with regard to potential early treatment effects on cough and further typical COVID-19 symptoms.

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation from Young-Trained Donors Improves Cognitive Function in Old Mice Through Modulation of the Gut-Brain Axis.

The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication pathway that modulates cognitive function. A dysfunctional gut-brain axis has been associated with cognitive impairments during aging. Therefore, we propose evaluating whether modulation of the gut microbiota through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from young-trained donors (YT) to middle-aged or aged mice could enhance brain function and cognition in old age.

The role of audiological features and horizontal semicircular canal function at various frequencies in vestibular migraine and Menière's disease.

Background: Vestibular migraine (VM) and Menière's disease (MD) have numerous overlapping symptoms. Distinguishing the two common recurrent vestibulopathies was challenging.

Objectives: To assess the characteristics of hearing loss and the horizontal semicircular canal function in VM and MD.