Clinical Manifestations.

Background: The primary aim of the current analysis was to evaluate the cumulative effect of different social determinants of health (SDoH) factors on vascular burden, cognition, and physical functioning.

Method: We conducted a secondary data analysis of the MIDUS 2 cross-sectional study. Participants were ages 55 and above.

Immune-inflammatory effects of the multicomponent intervention FIBROWALK in outdoor and online formats for patients with fibromyalgia.

The multicomponent intervention FIBROWALK integrates pain science education (PSE), therapeutic exercise, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and mindfulness training for treating fibromyalgia (FM). This study investigated the effects of the FIBROWALK in online (FIBRO-On) and outdoor (FIBRO-Out) formats compared to treatment-as-usual (TAU) on core clinical variables along with serum immune-inflammatory biomarkers and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Furthermore, the predictive value of these biomarkers on clinical response to FIBROWALK was also evaluated.

Applying evidence-based cross-disciplinary concepts helps to explain the heterogeneity in pain, function, and biological measures in individuals with knee pain with/at risk of osteoarthritis.

Introduction: Factors contributing to individual differences in knee osteoarthritis remain elusive. Dispositional traits and socioeconomic status are independent predictors of mental and physical health, although significant variability remains. Dispositional traits serve as the biological interface for life experiences.

Prevailing theories describing sports-related concussion symptom reporting intent and behavior among adolescent athletes: a scoping review.

Diagnosis of sports-related concussion (SRC) primarily relies on an athlete's self-report of injury and associated symptoms. Social pressures and attitudes surrounding SRC influence athlete reporting behavior. Unfortunately, underreporting of SRC symptoms is an issue among adolescent athletes.

Psychopathology and NREM sleep parasomnias: A systematic review.

Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep parasomnias are abnormal motor and/or emotional behaviors originating from "deep" slow-wave sleep and with a multifactorial origin. The relationship between NREM parasomnias and psychopathology has been a topic of ongoing debate, but a comprehensive and systematic perspective has been lacking. This systematic review, conducted according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA-P) guidelines, aims to fill this gap in the literature.

Internalization of weight bias and stigma: Scientific challenges and opportunities.

Weight bias and stigma are widespread, unjust, and harmful to health. Increased empirical attention to the internalization of weight bias and stigma (or weight self-stigma) has revealed significant health implications that require further study and intervention. This review summarizes current knowledge on the conceptualization, measurement, prevalence, and correlates of internalized weight stigma.

Music medicine and music therapy in neonatal care: a scoping review of passive music listening research applications and findings on infant development and medical practice.

Background: In recent years, the use of music as a therapeutic and developmental tool for infants, especially within neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), has seen a surge in interest. Despite a growing body of research underscoring the potential benefits of music therapy and music medicine in enhancing infant development and aiding medical practices, the specific characteristics of music that maximize these benefits remain poorly understood.

Objectives: This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive foundation by mapping the existing literature on passive music listening and identifying gaps, trends, and patterns that are crucial precursors to the development of best practices.

Adherence and Retention in Early or Late Time-Restricted Eating: A Narrative Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Time-restricted eating (TRE) is a form of intermittent fasting that involves reducing the time-period in which food is typically consumed daily. While TRE is known to induce health benefits, particularly for adults with obesity, there is currently debate about whether the time of day in which food is consumed also contributes to the health benefits of TRE. Early TRE (eTRE) and late TRE (lTRE) are subtypes of TRE that involve consuming food and caloric beverages either in the early or later part of the day.

A systematic review of parent-child communication in pediatric asthma.

Objective: Parent-child communication is integral to pediatric asthma management. This review evaluates parent-child communication among youth with asthma and their caregivers. It aims to characterize the type of communication according to a unifying framework (Murphy, L.

The influence of the structure of the masticatory system on the presence and severity of the gag reflex in children with cerebral palsy.

Background: Dysphagia, prevalent in 90% of children with neurological disorders, poses risks of medical complications and is associated with cognitive and psychosocial challenges. The absence of the sucking-swallowing reflex and variations in the gag reflex contribute to feeding difficulties.

Objectives: This study focuses on examining the impact of the gag reflex on the masticatory system structure in children with cerebral palsy, aiming to assess its significance.

Efficacy and safety of a non-immersive virtual reality-based neuropsychological intervention for cognitive stimulation and relaxation in patients with critical illness: study protocol of a randomized clinical trial (RGS-ICU).

Background: Experiencing a critical illness may be a stressful life event that is also associated with cognitive dysfunction during and after the intensive care unit (ICU) stay. A deep-tech solution based on non-immersive virtual reality, gamification and motion capture called Rehabilitation Gaming System for Intensive Care Units (RGS-ICU) has been developed that includes both cognitive stimulation and relaxation protocols specifically designed for patients with critical illness. This study aims to evaluate whether the cognitive and relaxation protocols of the RGS-ICU platform are 1) effective in improving neuropsychological outcomes during and after ICU stay and 2) safe for patients with critical illness.

Men with type 1 diabetes had a more than 7-fold odds of elevated depressive symptoms compared to men without diabetes.

Objective: To examine: 1) differences in prevalence of elevated depressive symptoms between individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and without any type of diabetes overall and by sex; and 2) associations between depressive symptoms and HbA1c, self-management behaviors, and cardiovascular health.

Research Design And Methods: Adults (n = 414) with T1D (mean age = 52 ± 9 years, mean duration = 38 ± 9 years; mean HbA1c = 7.8 ± 1.

The myth of a cancer-specific temperament: An analysis of affective temperament in cancer patients.

Objective: We investigate the prevalence of five affective temperaments (depressive, cyclothymic, hyperthymic, irritable, and anxious) in a large sample of cancer patients and associations of temperament with cancer site as well as the impact of temperament on overall survival of cancer patients.

Methods: Data for this prospective cohort study was collected in the outpatient clinic of a large cancer center. We used the Temperament Evaluation in Memphis, Pisa and San Diego - Münster Version (TEMPS-M) and recorded patient data.

Project ECHO Diabetes Trial Improves Outcomes for Medically Underserved People.

Objective: The Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) model is used in 180 countries to address chronic disease care through a provider empowerment, tele-education approach. Few studies have rigorously evaluated the impact of the program on patient outcomes using randomized designs.

Research Design And Methods: Implementation of an ECHO Diabetes program was evaluated using a stepped-wedge design with recruitment of 20 federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) across California and Florida with randomized, phased-in intervention entry.

Assessing multidimensional fidelity in a pilot optimization trial: A process evaluation of four intervention components supporting medication adherence in women with breast cancer.

Adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy in women with breast cancer is low. We conducted a 24-1 fractional factorial pilot optimization trial to test four intervention components supporting medication adherence [text messages, information leaflet, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), self-management website], in the preparation phase of the multiphase optimization strategy. Guided by the National Institute of Health Behavior Change Consortium fidelity framework, we investigated fidelity of design, training, delivery, receipt, and enactment of four intervention components.

No evidence for an association of testosterone and cortisol hair concentrations with social decision-making in a large cohort of young adults.

Prior research has established that testosterone is an important modulator of social decision-making. However, evidence on the relationship between basal testosterone levels, commonly measured in saliva or blood, and social behavior has been inconsistent due to methodological shortcomings. Additionally, it has been suggested that cortisol might moderate the association between basal testosterone and social behavior.

Mobility Medicine: A call to unify hyper-fragmented specialties by abstracts sent to 2025Pdm3, and typescripts to Ejtm3, and .

Mega scientific conferences increasingly suffer from the need for short and poster presentations without discussion. An alternative is to organize workshops in hotels large enough to accommodate all participants. This significantly increases the opportunities for constructive discussion during breakfasts, lunches, dinners and long evenings that can bring together experts of scientific and clinical sub-specialties and young fellows.

The Independent and Interactive Effects of Economic Stability and Health Care Access on 10-Year Cognitive Trajectories of Black/African American and White Older Adults from the ACTIVE Study.

Objectives: Social and structural determinants of health (SSDoH) have been linked to racial disparities in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). Research has established that living in an environment with greater economic stability (ES) or health care access (HCA) is associated with better baseline cognition, but the interactive effects between these distinct SSDoH on cognition over time have not been studied. Therefore, the present study examined the independent and interactive effects of ES and HCA on 10-year change in cognitive functioning within a large sample of racially diverse community-dwelling older adults.

Predictors of Retention in the 1Florida Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (ADRC) Over Two Waves.

Attrition is a significant methodological concern in longitudinal studies. Sample loss can limit generalizability and compromise internal validity. Wave one ( = 346) and wave two follow-ups ( = 196) of the 1Florida ADRC clinical core were examined using a 24-month visit window.

Psychological interventions for internalized weight stigma: a systematic scoping review of feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy.

Background: Internalized weight stigma (IWS) is highly prevalent and associated with deleterious mental and physical health outcomes. Initiatives are needed to address IWS and promote effective coping and resilience among individuals who are exposed to weight stigma. We conducted a systematic scoping review of the literature on psychological interventions for IWS and explored their intervention components, feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy at reducing IWS and related negative physiological and psychological health outcomes.

Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation with cognitive training on executive functions in healthy older adults: a secondary analysis from the ACT trial.

Cognitive aging has become a public health concern as the mean age of the population is ever-increasing. It is a naturalistic and common process of degenerative and compensatory changes that may result in neurocognitive disorders. While heterogeneous, cognitive aging mostly affects executive functions that may be associated with functional losses during activities of daily living.