Self-Report Tool for Identification of Individuals With Coronary Atherosclerosis: The Swedish CardioPulmonary BioImage Study.

Background: Coronary atherosclerosis detected by imaging is a marker of elevated cardiovascular risk. However, imaging involves large resources and exposure to radiation. The aim was, therefore, to test whether nonimaging data, specifically data that can be self-reported, could be used to identify individuals with moderate to severe coronary atherosclerosis.

Trends in Survival After First Myocardial Infarction in People With Diabetes.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate temporal trends in survival and subsequent cardiovascular events in a nationwide myocardial infarction population with and without diabetes.

Methods And Results: Between 2006 and 2020, we identified 2527 individuals with type 1 diabetes, 48 321 individuals with type 2 diabetes and 243 170 individuals without diabetes with first myocardial infarction in national health care registries. Outcomes were trends in all-cause death after 30 and 365 days, cardiovascular death and major adverse cardiovascular events (ie, nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, cardiovascular death, and heart failure hospitalization).

Short-Term Ambient Air Pollution Exposure and Risk of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Sweden: A Nationwide Case-Crossover Study.

Background Air pollution is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease globally, but its association with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest at low air pollution levels is unclear. This nationwide study in Sweden aims to investigate if air pollution is associated with a higher risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in an area with relatively low air pollution levels. Methods and Results This study was a nationwide time-stratified case-crossover study investigating the association between short-term air pollution exposures and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest using data from the SRCR (Swedish Registry for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) between 2009 and 2019.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often co-occurs with other psychiatric and physical diseases. However, available evidence on associations between ADHD and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is mixed. To systematically review, quantitatively synthesize, and appraise available evidence on the link between ADHD with CVDs, we searched relevant articles in PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from inception to May 1, 2022.

Clinical Outcomes and Predictors of Long-Term Survival in Patients With and Without Previously Known Extracardiac Sarcoidosis Using Machine Learning: A Swedish Multicenter Study.

Background Cardiac involvement can be an initial manifestation in sarcoidosis. However, little is known about the association between various clinical phenotypes of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) and outcomes. We aimed to analyze the relation of different clinical manifestations with outcomes of CS and to investigate the relative importance of clinical features influencing overall survival.

Socioeconomic status is associated with process times in the emergency department for patients with chest pain.

Objective: Emergency department length of stay (EDLOS) is linked to crowding and patient outcomes whereas worse prognosis in low socioeconomic status remains poorly understood. We studied whether income was associated with ED process times among patients with chest pain.

Methods: This was a registry-based cohort study on 124,980 patients arriving at 14 Swedish EDs between 2015 and 2019 with chest pain as their chief complaint.

Dietary fibre in relation to asthma, allergic rhinitis and sensitization from childhood up to adulthood.

Background: Dietary fibre may reduce the risk of allergy. Our aim was to investigate the association between fibre intake in childhood, asthma, allergic rhinitis and IgE sensitization up to adulthood.

Methods: The individual fibre intake of 2285 participants from the Swedish population-based birth cohort BAMSE was estimated between 98- and 107-item food frequency questionnaires at ages 8 and 16 years, respectively.

Prevalence of sensitization to molecular food allergens in Europe: A systematic review.

Background: Recent reports indicate that the prevalence of food allergy is increasing, but accurate estimates remain a challenge due to cross-reactivity and limited use of precise diagnostic methods. Molecular allergy diagnostics, in which sensitization to individual molecular allergens is measured, is emerging as a promising tool for evaluation of sensitization profiles. In this systematic review, we summarized estimates of prevalence of sensitization to molecular food allergens in the general population in Europe.

Neurocognitive profile of adults with the Norrbottnian type of Gaucher disease.

Introduction: Gaucher disease (GD) is a monogenic, lysosomal storage disorder, classified according to the presence of acute (type 2), chronic (type 3), or no (type 1) neurological manifestations. The Norrbottnian subtype of neuronopathic GD type 3 (GD3) is relatively frequent in the northern part of Sweden. It exhibits a wide range of neurological symptoms but is characterized by extended life expectancy compared to GD3 in other countries.

Cardiovascular Family History Increases the Risk of Disease Recurrence After a First Myocardial Infarction.

Background Family history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is easily accessible and captures genetic cardiovascular risk, but its prognostic value in secondary prevention is unknown. Methods and Results We followed 25 615 patients registered in SWEDEHEART (Swedish Web-System for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-Based Care in Heart Disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies) from their 1-year revisit after a first-time myocardial infarction during 2005 to 2013, until December 31, 2018. Data on relatives, diagnoses and socioeconomics were extracted from national registers.

Antiepileptic medicines in men and women with stroke in Sweden, a registry-based study.

Background And Aim: To describe the utilization of the first antiepileptic drug (AED) in men and women with previous stroke in a nationwide population.

Methods: Prescription data, patient's age, and sex were collected from the Swedish Drug Register and cross-linked to diagnosis data from the National Patient Register and data from Statistics Sweden. Patients with a first dispensation of an AED after stroke between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2014 were included.

Validity, reliability, and responsiveness of daily monitoring visual analog scales in MASK-air®.

Background: MASK-air® is an app that supports allergic rhinitis patients in disease control. Users register daily allergy symptoms and their impact on activities using visual analog scales (VASs). We aimed to assess the concurrent validity, reliability, and responsiveness of these daily VASs.

The association between polygenic scores for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and school performance: The role of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, polygenic scores for educational attainment, and shared familial factors.

Background: Polygenic scores (PGS) for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) negatively predicts educational attainment (EA), but it remains unclear how ADHD symptoms, PGS for EA, and shared familiar factors influence the associations between PGS for ADHD and school performance.

Method: We combined survey data on ADHD symptoms, PGS, and register-based, objective measures of compulsory school performance at age 16 for 6049 twins in the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden. Linear and instrumental variable (IV) regression models were used to estimate the association between PGS for ADHD and grade point average (GPA), overall and by natural science, humanities, and practically oriented (e.

Treatment of patients with Graves' disease in Sweden compared to international surveys of an 'index patient'.

Introduction: The treatment strategies for a 42-year-old female index patient with moderate Graves' disease (GD) vary according to several international surveys. The important question whether surveys of treatment preferences in theoretical patient cases also match how real patients are treated has not yet been addressed.

Materials And Methods: From a Swedish cohort of 1186 GD patients (TT-12 cohort), 27 women were identified using the same criteria as from the index patient surveys from the European and American Thyroid Associations.

A qualitative study-Patient experience of tactile massage after stroke.

Aim: The aim was to evaluate emotional experiences of gentle skin massage, combined with regular rehabilitation in patients shortly after being diagnosed with stroke.

Design: A randomized study with two groups: standard individualized rehabilitation and tactile massage for 20 min three times per week (max nine times) or individual standardized rehabilitations.

Methods: This study applied a qualitative approach using semi-structured questions to evaluate experiences of receiving tactile massage among patients with first-time-ever stroke.

Cohort study of the effect of surgical repair of symptomatic diastasis recti abdominis on abdominal trunk function and quality of life.

Background: During pregnancy, women are at risk of developing persistent symptomatic diastasis recti abdominis (DRA), which may have a detrimental effect on their physical function and quality of life (QoL). The aim of this prospective cohort study was to determine the effect of surgical repair of DRA on abdominal trunk function, urinary incontinence and QoL in postpartum women with trunk instability symptoms resistant to training.

Methods: Postpartum women with diagnosed DRA and training-resistant symptoms underwent double-row plication of the linea alba.

Risk factors for pancreatitis following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

The aim of this study was to assess whether sex, age, ASA grade, previous history of acute pancreatitis, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, hypercalcaemia, kidney disease and liver cirrhosis influence the risk for developing post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP). A total of 15 800 ERCP procedures retrieved from the Swedish National Quality Register for Gallstone Surgery and ERCP (GallRiks) for 2006-2014 were identified and cross-checked with the National Patient Register. Women, patients aged less than 65 years, patients with hyperlipidaemia and those with a previous history of acute pancreatitis had a significantly increased risk of PEP, whereas patients with diabetes had a significantly decreased risk.

Heart rate variability in type 2 diabetic subjects randomized to liraglutide or glimepiride treatment, both in combination with metformin: A randomized, open, parallel-group study.

Aims: Reduced heart rate variability (HRV) and increased heart rate (HR) are associated with cardiovascular (CV) mortality. In the Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes outcome trial, it was demonstrated a lower rate of CV events in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients treated with liraglutide compared to placebo. We aimed to investigate the effects of liraglutide compared with glimepiride treatment in T2D patients on the CV risk parameters HR and HRV.

Different patterns of second-line treatment in type 2 diabetes after metformin monotherapy in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden (D360 Nordic): A multinational observational study.

Aims: The understanding of second-line use of glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs) in the general population with type 2 diabetes (T2D) treatment is important as recent results have shown cardiovascular benefits with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA). Our aim was to describe second-line GLD treatment patterns in four Nordic countries.

Methods: All T2D patients treated with GLD between 2006 and 2015 were identified in prescribed drug registries in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden, and linked with National Patient and Cause of Death Registries.

The MOVEMENT Trial.

Background Morphine administration is a strong predictor of delayed onset of action of orally administered ticagrelor in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, likely because of impaired gastrointestinal motility. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the peripheral opioid antagonist methylnaltrexone could improve pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of orally administered ticagrelor in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction receiving morphine. Methods and Results The MOVEMENT (Methylnaltrexone to Improve Platelet Inhibition of Ticagrelor in Morphine-Treated Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction) trial was a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled trial in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction treated with morphine and ticagrelor.

Valproic acid utilization among girls and women in Stockholm: Impact of regulatory restrictions.

Objective: In November 2014, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) strengthened restrictions on the use of valproic acid in girls and women of childbearing potential. The objective of this study was to determine whether there has been a change in initiations of valproic acid treatment to females after the regulatory restrictions and to assess if such changes differed between indications (epilepsy and psychiatric disorder).

Methods: An interrupted time-series analysis was conducted using all initiations of valproic acid in Stockholm, Sweden.

The Vulnerability of the Iranian Elderly in Disasters: Qualitative Content Analysis.

Background: Elderly people are among the most vulnerable groups in natural disaster events. Although old age is responsible for them becoming unequally vulnerable, understanding the different aspects of vulnerability can help health care providers, especially nurses, to manage disaster risk for this increasing number of people. This study intended to explore disaster-related vulnerability and its contributing factors based on older adults' perceptions and experiences.