Pharmacognistic, proximate and phytochemical analysis of stem of Cistanche tubulosa (Schenck) Hook. F.

A medicinal plant is any plant that in one or more of its organs contains substances that can be used by it or their constituent for therapeutic purposes. The present work was done to evaluate pharmacognostic, fluorescence, proximate and phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extracts of Cistanche tubulosa (Orobanchaceae) along with antimicrobial activity. Antimicrobial activity against four bacterial strains S.

Morbidity and mortality associated with ESBL Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in different administration routes in albino rats.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a non-motile, encapsulated, environmental gram-negative bacterium. Once the bacteria have infiltrated the body, they can display substantial degrees of resistance to drugs and virulence. Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBLs) are most typically seen in K.

Antimicrobial activity of Enterococcus-derived bacteriocins against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a key concern in clinical settings due to its high level of resistance to antibiotics, making infections given rise to this bacterium very problematic to treat. The rise of multidrug-resistant bacteria poses a danger to treatments and stresses the necessity to find new antimicrobial drugs. In a neoteric study, P.

Clinical and molecular analysis of ESBL, carbapenemase, and colistin-resistant bacteria in UTI patients.

Uropathogens, particularly bacteria, can infect any part of the urinary tract and cause bacteriuria. Our study aimed to examine the antibiotic-resistant profile, associated risk factors, and phenotypic and genotypic features of ESBL, carbapenemase, and mcr resistance genes in multidrug-resistant bacteria. Samples were inoculated on culture media, identified using standard biochemical tests, and species confirmation was performed via 16S rRNA gene amplification.

Comparative Analysis of Acquired Resistance to Bortezomib in Prostate Cancer Cells Using Proteomic and Bioinformatic Tools.

Chemotherapy is a potent tool against cancer, but drug resistance remains a major obstacle. To combat this, understanding the molecular mechanisms behind resistance in cancer cells and the protein expression changes driving these mechanisms is crucial. Targeting the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (UPS) has proven effective in treating multiple myeloma and shows promise for solid tumours.

Protective roles of herbal teas against the toxicity of Bisphenol A on morphometry of uterus and improving murine reproductive health (incomplete title and amended by the EIC).

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the potential ameliorating murine reproductive effects of herbal tea extracts against bisphenol A-induced (BPA) cytotoxicity. A comparative study was applied among red, green and blue teas in mice groups. Samples were coded as RTE, GTE and BTE groups, respectively.

An investigation of antiproliferative and antioxidant properties of crude extracts from Sedum nicaeense All. (Crassulaceae).

This study evaluated the antioxidant and antiproliferative effects of aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Sedum nicaeense flowers and leaves. The MTT assay assessed cytotoxicity against colorectal cancer cells (Caco-2, HCT-116), breast cancer cells (T47D, MCF-7) and normal fibroblasts (MRC-5), while the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay measured antioxidant capacity. Essential oils from flowers and leaves were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Targeting KRAS: from metabolic regulation to cancer treatment.

The Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) protein plays a key pathogenic role in oncogenesis, cancer progression, and metastasis. Numerous studies have explored the role of metabolic alterations in KRAS-driven cancers, providing a scientific rationale for targeting metabolism in cancer treatment. The development of KRAS-specific inhibitors has also garnered considerable attention, partly due to the challenge of acquired treatment resistance.

Assessment of a new protocol strategy to control the ectoparasitic infestation in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) using efficient natural products.

This study aimed to evaluate alternative in vivo treatment trials using natural products for ectoparasitic infestation on Nile tilapia; these two products were not previously used in the treatment of parasitic fish diseases. So, a total of 400 Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) fish measured 10-15 cm in length; 350 from a fish farm in (Kafr Elsheikh and 50 from Nile River (Al Bahr Al Aazam), Egypt.

Evaluation of an interprofessional education program involving medical and pharmacy students: a mixed-method study.

Background: Effective pharmacotherapy requires strong collaboration between physicians and pharmacists, highlighting the need for interprofessional education (IPE) in university curricula. This study evaluated the impact of an IPE program on medical and pharmacy students, focusing on their perceived development of interprofessional collaborative competencies, perceived learning outcomes, and clinical collaboration perceptions.

Methods: A mixed-method approach was employed to evaluate an IPE program that consisted of three mandatory activities with increased complexity and autonomy, that were integrated into the medical and pharmacy students' curricula.

Efficacy of non -thermal pressure plasma versus other modalities for disinfection of primary root canals.

Background: Endodontic treatment aims in the preservation of extremely carious primary teeth. For root canal therapy to be successful, root canals must be properly prepared and effectively irrigated .Therefore, it is necessary to select the proper root canal disinfection method to preserve the primary tooth.

Comparative study of phenotypic and genotypic expression of virulence factors in colonizing and pathogenic carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB).

Carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii has evolved as the most troublesome microorganism with multiple virulence factors. Biofilm formation, porins, micronutrient capturing mechanism and quorum sensing, provide protection against desiccation, host-pathogen killing and enhance its persistence. The conservation of these factors between colonizing and pathogenic carbapenem resistant A.

Application of machine learning in depression risk prediction for connective tissue diseases.

This study retrospectively collected clinical data from 480 patients with connective tissue diseases (CTDs) at Nanjing First Hospital between August 2019 and December 2023 to develop and validate a multi-classification machine learning (ML) model for assessing depression risk. Addressing the limitations of traditional assessment tools, six ML models were constructed using univariate analysis and the LASSO algorithm, with the categorical boosting (Catboost) model emerging as the best performer, demonstrating strong predictive ability across different depression severity levels (none_F1 = 0.879, mild_F1 = 0.

A pilot study on the effects of olfactory stimulation with white musk aromatic oil on psychophysiological activity: a crossover study.

Studies on the compounds of aromatic oils and their effects on psychophysiological changes in humans are often conducted separately. To obtain better validation, a suitable protocol is needed that can be extrapolated to large-scale olfactory stimulation experiments. Unfortunately, this type of study is still rarely performed.

Lactic acidosis with metformin accumulation in the intensive care units of the Nord Pas de Calais region: A known serious adverse event that can be better prevented.

Objective: Metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA) is a rare but serious adverse drug reaction (ADR). The aim of the study was to identify clinical situations associated with the onset of MALA in patients hospitalised in the Nord Pas de Calais regional intensive care units (ICUs), and to assess its preventability.

Material And Methods: We included all cases of MALA, identified by metformin accumulation >2.

GWAS of CRP response to statins further supports the role of APOE in Statin Response: a GIST consortium study.

Statins are first-line treatments in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Clinical studies show statins act independently of lipid-lowering mechanisms to decrease C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammation marker. We aim to elucidate genetic loci associated with CRP statin response.

Students' perspective on the Dutch National Pharmacotherapy Assessment, a national survey study among final-year medical students.

Introduction: The Dutch National Pharmacotherapy Assessment (DNPA) was introduced in 2013 to improve clinical pharmacology and therapeutics (CPT) education. This study investigated final-year medical students' perceived motivation and level of preparation for the DNPA in different scenarios: mandatory vs. non-mandatory, and traditional high-stakes assessment programme vs.

The impact of summative, formative or programmatic assessment on the Dutch National Pharmacotherapy Assessment: a retrospective multicentre study.

Background: The Dutch National Pharmacotherapy Assessment (DNPA), which focuses on assessing medication safety and essential drug knowledge, was introduced to improve clinical pharmacology and therapeutics education in the Netherlands. This study investigated how the performance of final-year medical students on the DPNA was affected by the assessment programme (traditional with summative or formative assessment, and programmatic assessment).

Methods: This multicentre retrospective longitudinal observation study (2019-2023) involved final-year medical students from four medical schools in the Netherlands.

Simultaneous activation of different subtypes of dopamine receptors may lead to activation of homeostatic sleep regulatory mechanisms.

Dopaminergic system gains importance in homeostatic sleep regulation, but the role of different dopamine receptors is not well-defined. 72 h rat electrocorticogram and sleep recordings were made after single application of dopaminergic drugs in clinical use or at least underwent clinical trials. The non-selective agonist apomorphine evoked short pharmacological sleep deprivation with intense wakefulness followed by pronounced sleep rebound.

AZD2693, a PNPLA3 antisense oligonucleotide, for the treatment of MASH in 148M homozygous participants: two randomized phase I trials.

Background & Aims: A common genetic variant (rs738409) encoding isoleucine to methionine at position 148 in the PNPLA3 protein is a determinant of hepatic steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver-related mortality. AZD2693 is a liver-targeted antisense oligonucleotide against PNPLA3 mRNA. We evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics in single ascending dose (SAD) and multiple ascending dose (MAD) studies.

Specific activity of mouse liver desaturases and elongases: Time course effects using n-3 and n-6 PUFA substrates and inhibitory responses of delta-6 desaturase.

The synthesis of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs) is associated with physiological functions in mammals, being catalyzed by Δ-5D and Δ-6D desaturases and elongases Elovl-2 and Elovl-5. In this context, we aimed to study the chief kinetic features of PUFA liver anabolism, looking upon (i) the time-dependency for the specific activity of Δ-6D, Δ-5D, Elovl2, Elovl2/5 and Elovl5, using n-3 and n-6 precursors between 0 and 240 min ex vivo in mouse liver.; and (ii) the specific activity-substrate (α-linolenic acid; ALA) concentration responses of Δ-6D in the absence and presence of linoleic acid (LA), arachidonic acid (ARA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an enzyme regarded as the rate-limiting step in PUFA anabolism.

The climb toward intracranial efficacy: Zorifertinib in EGFR-mutant NSCLC with CNS metastases in the EVEREST trial.

The phase III EVEREST trial evaluating zorifertinib in the treatment of metastatic EGFR-mutant NSCLC was groundbreaking in its specific inclusion of patients with brain metastases. Zorifertinib prolonged systemic and intracranial progression-free survival compared with first-generation EGFR inhibitors, yet questions remain about its efficacy and toxicity compared with osimertinib.

Integrating CTLA-4/PD-1 blockade into cervical cancer management: Results of COMPASSION-16.

Although there is anti-tumor efficacy of dual CTLA-4/PD-1 blockade in advanced/recurrent cervical cancer, it is unclear whether combination with chemotherapy is synergistic. In COMPASSION-16, Wu et al. demonstrated improved survival outcomes of cadolinimab plus chemotherapy compared to chemotherapy alone for first-line systemic therapy for advanced/recurrent cervical cancer, suggesting a potential role of bispecific CTLA-4/PD-1 inhibitors in the frontline setting.