Elderly rats fed with a high-fat high-sucrose diet developed sex-dependent metabolic syndrome regardless of long-term metformin and liraglutide treatment.

Aim/introduction: The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of early antidiabetic therapy in reversing metabolic changes caused by high-fat and high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) in both sexes.

Methods: Elderly Sprague-Dawley rats, 45 weeks old, were randomized into four groups: a control group fed on the standard diet (STD), one group fed the HFHSD, and two groups fed the HFHSD along with long-term treatment of either metformin (HFHSD+M) or liraglutide (HFHSD+L). Antidiabetic treatment started 5 weeks after the introduction of the diet and lasted 13 weeks until the animals were 64 weeks old.

Prognostic significance of Twist, ZEB1 and Slug in peripheral T-cell lymphomas.

To investigate the protein expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition-inducing transcription factors (TFs) Twist, ZEB1 and Slug in peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) and their correlation with clinical parameters. The expression of these TFs was studied in 53 diagnostic biopsy specimens of several different PTCL subtypes with immunohistochemistry. Patient data were retrospectively collected from patient records and a statistical analysis was performed.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion parameters in ovarian cancer: Good accuracy in identifying high HIF-1α expression.

Background: Hypoxia significantly influences treatment response and clinical outcome in solid tumors. A noninvasive marker for hypoxia will help physicians in treatment planning and encourage the efficient use of hypoxia targeted therapies. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether pharmacokinetic dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) perfusion parameters are associated with a specific marker of hypoxia, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) in ovarian cancer (OC).

Alterations in the expression of EMT-related proteins claudin-1, claudin-4 and claudin-7, E-cadherin, TWIST1 and ZEB1 in oral lichen planus.

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic T-cell-mediated inflammatory disease, which is associated with increased risk of developing oral squamous cell carcinoma. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is a physiological phenomenon occurring during growth and organogenesis, but it has also an important role in tumorigenesis. In the present work, we studied the expression of known epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers in oral lichen planus.

The dental infections in patients undergoing preoperative dental examination before surgical treatment of saccular intracranial aneurysm.

Objective: Dental bacterial DNA and bacterial-driven inflammation markers have previously been detected in intracranial aneurysm tissue samples. This study aimed (i) to assess the possible presence of dental infectious foci, (ii) and the possible association between typical odontogenic bacteria and clinical dental findings in patients undergoing pre-operative dental examination before surgical treatment of saccular intracranial aneurysm. Ninety patients with an intracranial aneurysm were recruited to the study, and the patients' teeth were routinely investigated.

Integrin alpha 10, CD44, PTEN, cadherin-11 and lactoferrin expressions are potential biomarkers for selecting patients in need of central nervous system prophylaxis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Central nervous system (CNS) relapse is a devastating complication that occurs in about 5% of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. Currently, there are no predictive biological markers. We wanted to study potential biomarkers of CNS tropism that play a role in adhesion, migration and/or in the regulation of inflammatory responses.

Tenascin-C and fibronectin expression divide early stage tongue cancer into low- and high-risk groups.

Background: Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) metastasises early, especially to regional lymph nodes. There is an ongoing debate on which early stage (T1-T2N0) patients should be treated with elective neck dissection. We need prognosticators for early stage tongue cancer.

Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in 3.0 Tesla Breast MRI: Diagnostic Performance and Tumor Characterization Using Small Subregions vs. Whole Tumor Regions of Interest.

Introduction: Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values are increasingly reported in breast MRI. As there is no standardized method for ADC measurements, we evaluated the effect of the size of region of interest (ROI) to diagnostic utility and correlation to prognostic markers of breast cancer.

Methods: This prospective study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Board; the need for written informed consent for the retrospective analyses of the breast MRIs was waived by the Chair of the Hospital District.

Similar chemokine receptor profiles in lymphomas with central nervous system involvement - possible biomarkers for patient selection for central nervous system prophylaxis, a retrospective study.

Central nervous system (CNS) relapse occurs in around 5% of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cases. No biomarkers to identify high-risk patients have been discovered. We evaluated the expression of lymphocyte-guiding chemokine receptors in systemic and CNS lymphomas.

Oral bacterial DNA findings in pericardial fluid.

Background: We recently reported that large amounts of oral bacterial DNA can be found in thrombus aspirates of myocardial infarction patients. Some case reports describe bacterial findings in pericardial fluid, mostly done with conventional culturing and a few with PCR; in purulent pericarditis, nevertheless, bacterial PCR has not been used as a diagnostic method before.

Objective: To find out whether bacterial DNA can be measured in the pericardial fluid and if it correlates with pathologic-anatomic findings linked to cardiovascular diseases.

Claudins as prognostic factors for renal cell cancer.

Background: Claudins are tight junction proteins and their expression is often different in normal and corresponding tumor cells. In the present study, we determined how the expression of claudins 1-5 and 7 correlated to survival, grade and stage of patients with renal cell cancer (RCC).

Patients And Methods: Primary tumor samples were collected retrospectively from 229 RCC patients.

GASC1 expression in lung carcinoma is associated with smoking and prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma.

GASC1 (gene amplified in squamous cell carcinoma 1) encodes a nuclear protein that epigenetically catalyses the lysine demethylation of histones. We investigated the expression of GASC1 in different histological subtypes of lung cancer (n=289). Percentage value of GASC1 immunohistochemical expression was evaluated separately in the nuclei and cytoplasms of epithelial cancer cells.

Oxidative stress and redox state-regulating enzymes have prognostic relevance in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Background: Oxidative stress and redox-regulating enzymes may have roles both in lymphomagenesis and resistance to lymphoma therapy. Previous studies from the pre-rituximab era suggest that antioxidant enzyme expression is related to prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), although these results cannot be extrapolated to patient populations undergoing modern treatment modalities. In this study we assessed expression of the oxidative stress markers 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and nitrotyrosine and the antioxidant enzymes thioredoxin (Trx), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL) via immunohistochemistry in 106 patients with DLBCL.

8-hydroxydeguanosine and nitrotyrosine are prognostic factors in urinary bladder carcinoma.

Oxidative stress markers and peroxiredoxins are connected to cancer. A large set of urinary bladder carcinomas were studied for the expression of nitrotyrosine and 8-hydroxydeguanosine (8OHdG), two markers indicating oxidative damage. Serum and urine 8-OHdG were assessed in a subset of patients.

Evaluation of apoptosis markers in conjunctival and eyelid benign and malignant tumors.

The balance between cell proliferation and programmed cell death plays a crucial role in malignant development. Bcl-2 family proteins, including proapoptosis protein Bak and antiapoptosis protein Bcl-2, regulate the apoptotic process. Mutation of the p53 gene, which results in P53 protein accumulation, was observed in many types of human cancer.

Correlation of MIB-1 antigen expression with transcription factors Skn-1, Oct-1, AP-2, and HPV type in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Recently, interest in transcription factor coding genes has emerged in many human diseases. Transcription factors, responding both to extracellular and to intracellular signals, exercise an important regulatory control over the proliferation and differentiation of cells. During the development of CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) lesions, normal regulation of the cell cycle seems to be disturbed.