Clinical impact of PTEN rs701848 as a predictive marker for breast cancer.

Background: The incidence of Breast cancer (BC) is currently augmented and it has become the most common malignant cancer in females. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor gene as a result of blocking the phosphorylation of PIP3 in PI3K pathway.

Methods: The computational bioinformatics tools were performed to determine the link between PTEN rs701848T/C genetic variants and breast cancer progression.

A first-in-human phase 1/2 dose-escalation study of MAK683 (EED inhibitor) in patients with advanced malignancies.

Purpose: MAK683, a first-in-class and highly selective allosteric inhibitor of the embryonic ectoderm development subunit of polycomb repressive complex 2, has shown sustained antitumor activity in tumor xenograft models. This first-in-human phase 1/2 study evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and clinical activity of single-agent MAK683 in advanced malignancies.

Methods: MAK683 was administered fasted once daily or twice daily continuously in 28-day treatment cycles.

Concomitant Usage of H1-Antihistamines and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors on Cancer Patient Survival.

Purpose: Recent research (Li et al. 2021) suggests an upregulated expression and activation of H1 receptors on macrophages in the tumor microenvironment, and concomitant H1-antihistamine use is associated with improved overall survival in patients with lung and skin cancers receiving immunotherapy. Therefore, we retrospectively evaluated the impacts of H1-antihistamine use in cancer patients during immunotherapy.

Anticancer properties of histone deacetylase inhibitors - what is their potential?

Introduction: Histone modifications are crucial epigenetic mechanisms for regulating gene expression. Histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases (HDACs) catalyze histone acetylation, a process that mediates transcription. Over recent decades, studies have demonstrated that targeting histone acetylation can be effective in cancer treatment, leading to the development and approval of several HDAC inhibitors.

Investigation of the association between therapeutic effectiveness of anamorelin and Glasgow prognostic score in patients with cancer cachexia: a competing risk analysis.

Anamorelin, a highly selective ghrelin receptor agonist, enhances appetite and increases lean body mass in patients with cancer cachexia. However, the predictors of its therapeutic effectiveness are uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the association between the Glasgow prognostic score (GPS), used for classifying the severity of cancer cachexia, the therapeutic effectiveness of anamorelin, and the feasibility of early treatment based on cancer types.

Addressing challenges in the implementation of precision oncology: An in-depth examination of limitations and disparities in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer in the Brazilian public healthcare system (SUS).

Precision oncology (PO) has significantly advanced lung cancer treatment by enabling personalised therapy based on genetic mutations. However, equitable access to molecular testing and targeted therapies remains a challenge, particularly in resource-limited settings such as the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS). To identify the challenges faced by SUS in caring for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in terms of access to Precision Oncology.

Biomimetic Fe3O4 Nanozymes Promote Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cell Lines via Free Radical Scavenging and Inhibition of RelA/p65.

Introduction: Iron oxide nanozyme was synthesized from the fruit peel extract of pomegranate, which served as a reducing agent during the green synthesis. The scavenging of reactive oxygen species is often accompanied by immunomodulation following antiproliferative effects due to the crosstalk between the proteins involved in the inter-related signaling pathways.

Method: In the current study, the green synthesized nanozyme was studied for its ability to induce apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines.

Cardiac dose comparison of abdominal and thoracic deep inspiration breath hold in adult female with left-sided breast cancer receiving radiation therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Deep inspiration breath hold technique has shown promise in reducing cardiac toxicity and improving patient outcomes. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding the implementation of abdominal breath hold technique and its impact on cardiac dose. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to provide insights into the comparative effectiveness of abdominal and thoracic breath hold in mitigating cardiac toxicity during radiation therapy for left-sided breast cancer.

The Role of Lifestyle and Environmental Factors in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Myeloma.

Objectives: The study evaluated the impact of lifestyle and environmental exposure on the etiology of multiple myeloma (MM).

Methods: A multicenter case-control study was conducted in 20 hematology centers and in 5 outpatient clinics in Poland. The questionnaire on exposure to potential risk factors including sociodemographic data, lifestyle, and environmental factors was completed.

Work ability following breast cancer - the MyHealth randomized controlled trial.

Background And Purpose: We previously demonstrated positive effects on quality of life and mental health following breast cancer when comparing a nurse-led follow-up program without scheduled visits (MyHealth) to regular follow-up. This study aims to examine whether MyHealth also positively impacts self-reported work ability.

Patients/material And Methods: A total of 288 patients, potentially active on the labour market, were randomized to MyHealth or control follow-up after primary treatment for early-stage breast cancer (2017-2019).

Maximum Tumor Diameter is Associated with Relapse Risk in Limited-Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma: An International Study.

Tumour bulk is an established prognostic factor in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) but most patients with limited-stage (LS) HL do not have 'bulk' by standard binary definitions. In the RAPID trial, maximum tumor diameter (MTD) was associated with risk of relapse for LS-HL patients achieving PET-negativity after ABVD chemotherapy. We aimed to externally validate these findings in the H10 trial.

Nucleus Accumbens Associated Protein 1 in Cancers-The Real Value.

Malignant tumors are a leading cause of death worldwide, second only to cardiovascular disease. They occur in every population and have a high risk of mortality. The etiopathogenesis of malignant tumors is diverse and there are still many unknowns, leading to huge diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Fer-1 like family member 4 pseudogene: novel potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for cutaneous melanoma.

Cutaneous melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer. Despite advancements in treatment, many patients still face poor outcomes. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms involved in melanoma pathogenesis is crucial for improving diagnosis and therapy.

Lung cancer in Asia: the impact of climate change.

The escalating global threat of climate change is becoming more evident. The climate crisis intersects with another major challenge: lung cancer. With Asia already bearing half the global cancer burden, the impact of climate-related events on health and on lung cancer care specifically are profound.

Construction of exosome non-coding RNA feature for non-invasive, early detection of gastric cancer patients by machine learning: a multi-cohort study.

Background And Objective: Gastric cancer (GC) remains a prevalent and preventable disease, yet accurate early diagnostic methods are lacking. Exosome non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), a type of liquid biopsy, have emerged as promising diagnostic biomarkers for various tumours. This study aimed to identify a serum exosome ncRNA feature for enhancing GC diagnosis.

Selective treatment de-escalation in advanced prostate cancer: have we come full circle?

Compelling evidence has solidified the notion of early treatment intensification in managing patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). Landmark trials have provided Level 1 evidence for the survival benefits achieved by combining multiple agents. The efficacy of combined therapy relies not only on how treatment is intensified but also on how it is de-escalated.

Nucleus-translocated GCLM promotes chemoresistance in colorectal cancer through a moonlighting function.

Metabolic enzymes perform moonlighting functions during tumor progression, including the modulation of chemoresistance. However, the underlying mechanisms of these functions remain elusive. Here, utilizing a metabolic clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 knockout library screen, we observe that the loss of glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM), a rate-limiting enzyme in glutathione biosynthesis, noticeably increases the sensitivity of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to platinum-based chemotherapy.

Whole-exome sequencing association study reveals genetic effects on tumor microenvironment components in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) presents a substantial clinical challenge due to the limited understanding of its genetic underpinnings. Here we conduct the largest scale whole-exome sequencing association study of NPC to date, encompassing 6,969 NPC cases and 7,100 controls. We unveil 3 germline genetic variants linked to NPC susceptibility: a common rs2276868 in RPL14, a rare rs5361 in SELE, and a common rs1050462 in HLA-B.

The guided fire from within: intratumoral administration of mRNA-based vaccines to mobilize memory immunity and direct immune responses against pathogen to target solid tumors.

We investigated a novel cancer immunotherapy strategy that effectively suppresses tumor growth in multiple solid tumor models and significantly extends the lifespan of tumor-bearing mice by introducing pathogen antigens into tumors via mRNA-lipid nanoparticles. The pre-existing immunity against the pathogen antigen can significantly enhance the efficacy of this approach. In mice previously immunized with BNT162b2, an mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine encoding the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, intratumoral injections of the same vaccine efficiently tagged the tumor cells with mRNA-expressed spike protein.