Smoking and diabetic nephropathy: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Several studies have reported the potential association between smoking and diabetic nephropathy. However, the studies of non-significant association results were against the association between smoking and diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, the relationship between smoking and diabetic nephropathy was still debated and controversial.

Metabolic Syndrome as a Risk Factor Among Lebanese Patients with Substance Use Disorder Undergoing Treatment for Recovery Through Rehabilitation or Opioid Substitution Treatment.

Data about metabolic syndrome (MS) in people who use drugs (PWUD) undergoing treatment for recovery are limited. We aimed to explore the extent of the MS and its predominant components and determinants in a sample of PWUD undergoing treatment for recovery through rehabilitation or opioid substitution treatment (OST) in Lebanon. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of each treatment modality on the MS; This was a cross-sectional study, in which demographics and treatment-related, nutritional, and biochemical data of the participants were collected.

MiRNA-200a and miRNA-200b expression, and vitamin-D level: Prognostic significance in obese non-diabetic and obese type 2 diabetes mellitus individuals.

Background: Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are frequent co-occurring disorders that affect regular metabolic functions. Obesity has also been linked to an increased risk of developing diabetes. Obesity and diabetes are on the rise, increasing healthcare costs and raising mortality rates.

The cardiometabolic benefits of okra-based treatment in prediabetes and diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis examine the effects of okra consumption on cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with prediabetes and diabetes. Okra is a widely consumed vegetable with potential health benefits, and understanding its impact on metabolic parameters in these populations is important.

Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted up to May 2024 in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science to find relevant randomized clinical trials (RCTs) by using following keyword: ("okra" OR "okras" OR "") AND ("intervention" OR "controlled trial" OR "randomized" OR "randomized" OR "randomly" OR "clinical trial" OR "trial" OR "randomized controlled trial" OR "randomized clinical trial" OR "RCT" OR "blinded" OR "placebo" OR "Cross-Over" OR "parallel").

Race/ethnicity-specific association between the American Heart Association's new Life's Essential 8 and stroke in US adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Evidence from NHANES 2005-2018.

Background: The Life's Essential 8 (LE8) is a recently introduced assessment of cardiovascular health (CVH) by the American Heart Association (AHA). Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common chronic liver disease and is associated with an increased risk of stroke. We aimed to explore the association of LE8 with stroke in NAFLD using a national cross-sectional study.

Adverse Effects of Nrf2 in Different Organs and the Related Diseases.

Under normal physiological conditions, Nrf2 undergoes ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome degradation to maintain its basal activity. Oxidative stress can trigger Nrf2 activation, prompting its translocation to the nucleus where it functions as a transcription factor, activating various antioxidant pathways, and conferring antioxidant properties. While extensive research has shown Nrf2's protective role in various diseases, emerging evidence suggests that Nrf2 activation can also produce harmful effects.

Sex-specific associations of serum cotinine levels with depressive symptoms and sleep disorders in American adults: NHANES 2007-2014.

Background: Accumulating evidence have demonstrated that tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) causes damage to human mental issues. However, previous studies almost focus on the individual smoking exposure patterns and some inconsistent results are reported. Serum cotinine is a reliable and quantitative biomarker of TSE.

Associations between non-insulin-based insulin resistance indices and diabetic nephropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus in US adults: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 1999-2018.

Objective: This study investigated the associations between non-insulin-based insulin resistance indices (METS-IR, TyG, TG/HDL, and TyG-BMI) and the risk of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in US adults with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: This study was based on the 1999-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database and included 6,891 patients with DM for cross-sectional analysis. Multivariate adjusted models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were employed to assess the association between the insulin resistance index and the risk of DN.

Investigation of adherence to DASH diet components and reduction of heart failure risk in adults: A case-control study.

Background: Heart failure (HF), or congestive Heart failure (CHF), is a heart disorder with a number of symptoms caused by the heart's inability to pump blood. Our aim in conducting this study is to investigate the adherence to dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet components and the risk of HF in Iranian adult women and men.

Methods: In this hospital-based, case-control study, we included 340 participants (194 men and 146 women) aged 30-70 years who were recently (less than 6 months) diagnosed with HF.

Exploring the knowledge of oral health and nutrition among Saudi Arabian dental professionals: a nationwide survey.

Background: The association between diet and oral health is complex, yet understanding the influence of nutrition on oral health among dental professionals is limited. This study aimed to assess the knowledge levels of dental professionals in Saudi Arabia regarding the relationship between diet and oral health.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 211 dental professionals in Saudi Arabia using an 18-item questionnaire.

Association of dietary insulin index (DII) and dietary insulin load (DIL) with circadian rhythm and quality of sleep among overweight and obese women: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Obesity is a global issue, with over 1.9 billion adults overweight. Disruption of circadian rhythms (CR) leads to obesity and metabolic disorders.

Prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus using early-pregnancy data: a secondary analysis from a prospective cohort study in Iran.

Background: Early identification of gestational diabetes mellitus is essential for improving maternal and neonatal outcomes. While risk factors such as advanced maternal age, elevated pre-pregnancy body mass index, multiparity, and a history of gestational diabetes have been recognized, the role of serum biomarkers remains uncertain. This study explores the predictive value of early-pregnancy laboratory findings in conjunction with maternal demographic and clinical characteristics for gestational diabetes mellitus.

The Association of Intake of Omega-3-Fatty Acid Sources with Psychological Distress and Binge Eating Disorder Among Female College Students in Saudi Arabia.

University students are often exposed to various stressors related to academic demands, which increases their susceptibility to psychological distress. Intake of omega-3 fatty acid (N-3 FA) has been found to be negatively correlated with both depression and eating disorder symptoms in non-Saudi individuals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the following among female undergraduate students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: (1) prevalence of psychological distress and binge eating disorder (BED); (2) Association between intake of N-3 FA sources and psychological distress; (3) Association between intake of N-3 FA sources and BED.

Relationships between Dairy Consumption Patterns and Hypertension, Overweight, and Obesity Status.

Background: Obesity is considered a widespread concern internationally. Few studies have investigated the relationships between dairy consumption and hypertension and obesity. Therefore, this study examined the above concern in students.

The association between dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids and the odds of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among overweight and obese children and adolescents.

Objectives: Dietary supplementation with branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), including leucine, isoleucine, and valine, has shown potential benefits for the metabolic profile. However, emerging population-based studies suggest that BCAAs may mediate pathways related to cardiometabolic risk factors, possibly due to their involvement in the dysregulation of insulin metabolic pathways. This study aimed to investigate the association between BCAAs intake and the odds of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity.

Metabolic syndrome prediction based on body composition indices.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important public health issue that has been lately linked as a growing concern worldwide.

The Objective: To find out which anthropometric and body composition indices can prognosticate MetS in Jordanian adult females.

Methods: A sample of 656 Jordanian adult females was recruited (January-March 2024) in the middle of Jordan.

Enteral nutrition support in patients with cancer: association of short-term prognosis and medical costs with inflammation.

Background: Enteral nutrition (EN) is commonly used for nutritional support in patients with cancer. Whether inflammation, one of the driving factors of malnutrition and cancer, affects the association between EN and short-term prognosis and medical costs in patients with cancer remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between EN and short-term prognosis of patients with cancer and the effect of inflammation on EN-associated medical costs.

Nutritional risk screening and nutritional assessment for children with cerebral palsy: A review of the current research status and future directions.

Background: Although the primary impairment involved in Cerebral palsy (CP) is motor function, malnutrition is also common. However, there is a lack of tool recommendations for early malnutrition risk screening in children with CP, and the means of nutritional intervention for children with CP are also limited.

Methods: This study systematically searched the literature about clinical nutrition related content of cerebral palsy in Pubmed, MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library in Jan 2024 and by hand searching, and we checked reference lists and citations to identify additional studies.

Comparison of oral zinc supplement and placebo effect in improving the T-cells regeneration in patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Clinical trial study.

Background: Immune reconstitution is a significant factor in the success of "hematopoietic stem cell transplantation" (HSCT). Delaying the immune reconstitution increases the risk of infections and relapse after transplantation. T-cell recovery after HSCT is mainly thymus-dependent, and thymic atrophy is associated with various clinical conditions that correlate with HSCT outcomes.

Associations of renal sinus fat with metabolic parameters, abdominal visceral adipose tissue, metabolic syndrome, fructose intake, and blood pressure control in obese individuals with hypertension: a cross-sectional study.

Renal sinus fat (RSF) crucially influences metabolic regulation, inflammation, and vascular function. We investigated the association between RSF accumulation, metabolic disorders, and nutritional status in obese individuals with hypertension. A cross-sectional study involved 51 obese hypertensive patients from Salamat Specialized Community Clinic (February-September 2022).

Fasting mimicking diet during neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial study.

Objective: Preclinical evidences suggests that while fasting can reduce the side effects and toxicity of chemotherapy, it can make cancer cells more susceptible to chemotherapy. This study aimed to examine the effects of fasting mimicking diet (FMD) during neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer (BC) patients.

Methods: Forty-four newly diagnosed human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-negative) patients with BC were randomized equally into two groups (22 each), to receive either a fasting mimicking diet (FMD) or their regular diet for 3 days prior to and during neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

The inhibitory activities of two compounds from Fresen on the acetylcholinesterase from wheat pest Rondani: analysis.

Wheat is the third most widely consumed cereal in the world, after maize and rice. However, it is regularly attacked by the wheat aphid (), causing considerable damage to wheat crops. The acetylcholinesterase enzyme, which plays a key role in the transmission of the synaptic cholinergic signal, has emerged as a promising target for the development of pest control strategies.

Adaptation and psychometric assessment of the postpartum childcare stress checklist among Arab women in the United Arab Emirates.

Problem: There is currently no validated version of the Postpartum Childcare Stress Checklist (PCSC) in the context of Arabic-speaking women in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Background: The postpartum period is a transformative phase in a woman's life, during which mothers are highly vulnerable to mental health problems, compounded by childcare demands. Childcare stress is a strong predictor of postpartum depression.