Common Dietary Patterns Among Female Employees Participating in the Persian Cohort Study (Mashhad) and Their Relationship With Metabolic Syndrome.

Background: The protective effect of a healthy diet against chronic diseases has been confirmed in several primary studies. This study identifies the dominant food patterns using factor analysis and determining its relationship with metabolic syndrome in female employees participating in the Persian cohort study.

Methods: Female participants with metabolic syndrome (based on the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP ATP III) were studied using a cross-sectional design.

Unraveling the dual threat: sarcopenia and insufficient physical activity in diabetes risk.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the alterations in diabetes risk associated with sarcopenia and insufficient physical activity, as well as the demographic shifts within the diabetic population.

Method: Utilizing pertinent data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database spanning 2011 to 2018, the criteria for sarcopenia were established by the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health. These criteria were calculated using lean body mass data in conjunction with body mass index data.

The effects of seven-strain probiotic supplementation on cell adhesion molecules, oxidative stress, and antioxidant parameters in patients with traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

The therapeutic effects of probiotics in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of probiotic supplementation on cell adhesion molecules, oxidative stress, and antioxidant parameters in TBI patients. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial included 46 TBI patients who were randomly assigned to receive either a probiotic supplement (n = 23) or a placebo (n = 23) for 14 days.

The clinical value of serum sirtuin-1 concentration in the diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease and can affect individuals without producing any symptoms. We aimed to explore the value of serum sirtuin-1 (Sirt-1) in the diagnosis of MASLD.

Methods: This case-control study analyzed data collected from 190 individuals aged 20 to 60 years.

Prevalence of malnutrition among adult inpatients in China: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

Malnutrition substantially contributes to adverse clinical outcomes. However, no national survey has been conducted to characterize its epidemiology in hospital settings in China. We conducted the China Nutrition Fundamental Data 2020 project among a multistage stratified cluster sample of adult inpatients from 291 study sites across 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities (except for Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan Province, and the Xizang Autonomous Region, please see MATERIALS AND METHODS for details of the causes) of China to generate reliable data on the prevalence of malnutrition and explore the associated risk factors.

Association between nutritional status, daily nutrition delivery and clinical outcomes of critically ill adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit: a protocol for Isfahan multicentre prospective observational cohort ICU study (the Isfahan-ICU study).

Introduction: There is currently limited information regarding the association between the modified Nutrition Risk in Critically Ill (mNUTRIC) score, nutrition delivery and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) section.

Methods And Analysis: The Isfahan-ICU study is a multicentre, prospective observational cohort study that will be conducted on critically ill adults treated in the trauma or medical ICU sections of six hospitals to investigate whether clinical outcomes, including length of ICU stay and 30-day survival, vary by the mNUTRIC score at admission or the 7-day nutrition delivery. This paper outlines the Isfahan-ICU study protocol approved by the ethics committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran.

Effects of Ramadan intermittent fasting on hormones regulating appetite in healthy individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effect of Ramadan intermittent fasting on appetite-regulating hormones including leptin, ghrelin, insulin, gastrin, glucagon-like peptide-1, peptide YY, and cholecystokinin.

Methods: We searched the MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases to identify relevant research on appetite-regulating hormones during Ramadan intermittent fasting, published until the end of March 2024.

Results: Data from 16 eligible studies comprising 664 participants (341, 51.

Boosting the catalytic efficiency of UGT51 for efficient production of rare ginsenoside Rh2.

Ginsenoside Rh2(S) is well-known for its therapeutic potential against diverse conditions, including some cancers, inflammation, and diabetes. The enzymatic activity of uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase 51 (UGT51) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae plays a pivotal role in the glycosylation process between UDP-glucose (donor) and protopanaxadiol (acceptor), to form ginsenoside Rh2. However, the catalytic efficiency of the UGT51 has remained a challenging task.

The impact of ketogenic diet on the frequency of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES): A feasibility randomized pilot study.

The potential of dietary interventions, particularly the use of the ketogenic diet in patients with Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures (PNES), remains underexplored. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of a 6-week ketogenic diet (Modified Atkins Diet, MAD) intervention in adult patients with PNES and to compare its effects on PNES frequency and other variables against a control healthy diet (CD). A feasibility pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted at a tertiary neurology hospital, enrolling outpatients diagnosed with PNES and assigning them to either MAD or CD.

An oral microbiota-based deep neural network model for risk stratification and prognosis prediction in gastric cancer.

Background: This study aims to develop an oral microbiota-based model for gastric cancer (GC) risk stratification and prognosis prediction.

Methods: Oral microbial markers for GC prognosis and risk stratification were identified from 99 GC patients, and their predictive potential was validated on an external dataset of 111 GC patients. The identified bacterial markers were used to construct a Deep Neural Network (DNN) model, a Random Forest (RF) model, and a Support Vector Machine (SVM) model for predicting GC prognosis.

Assessing the effectiveness of targeted educational interventions on enhancing self-efficacy and foot care practices among diabetic women in Jordan.

Background: Diabetic foot is a major public health issue, leading to increased morbidity and mortality among diabetic patients. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of targeted health education interventions on self-efficacy and foot care practices among diabetic women in Jordan.

Methods: A pretest-posttest, quasi-experimental design was used to collect data from 76 diabetic women at a tertiary hospital in northern Jordan.

Dietary glycemic and insulin indices with the risk of osteoporosis: results from the Iranian teachers cohort study.

Background: Osteoporosis is a chronic condition characterized by reduced bone strength and an elevated risk of fractures. The influence of diet and glucose metabolism on bone health and the development of osteoporosis has been an area of interest. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between dietary glycemic index (DGI), dietary glycemic load (DGL), dietary insulin index (DII), dietary insulin load (DIL), and the odds of osteoporosis among Iranian adults.

The Association Between Autism Spectrum Disorders and Dietary Intake of Carbohydrates in School-Aged Children in Iran: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with both genetic and environmental risk factors. Imbalanced dietary Intake has recently been proposed as a possible environmental risk factor for ASD. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible connection between ASD and intake of various carbohydrate types.

Infant and young child feeding practice status and its determinants in UAE: results from the MISC cohort.

Background: To evaluate breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices and their determinants among infants and young children in the United Arab Emirates using the 2021 WHO/UNICEF IYCF guidelines.

Methods: The Mother and Infant Study Cohort (MISC), is a prospective study of mothers recruited in their third gestational trimester and followed with their infants up to 18 months of age (n = 167). Data were collected at 3rd trimester, delivery, 2, 6, 12, and 18 months postpartum via questionnaires, review of medical records, anthropometric measurements, and 24-hour dietary recalls of the child's intake at 6, 12, and 18 months.

Genetic mapping of serum metabolome to chronic diseases among Han Chinese.

Serum metabolites are potential regulators for chronic diseases. To explore the genetic regulation of metabolites and their roles in chronic diseases, we quantified 2,759 serum metabolites and performed genome-wide association studies (GWASs) among Han Chinese individuals. We identified 184 study-wide significant (p < 1.

Association between C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte index and overall survival in patients with esophageal cancer.

Background: Esophageal cancer is an aggressive malignant tumor with poor prognosis, making early detection and treatment crucial. C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index is a comprehensive indicator which is involved in the process of metabolism, inflammation and immune reaction, and has been addressed to correlate with clinical outcomes in cancer patients. However, However, the evidence in esophageal cancer remains unclear.

Relationship between TyG-BMI index and glycemic index with diet quality, anthropometric indices, and blood pressure in patients with metabolic syndrome.

A recently introduced metric for assessing metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI). Additionally, the glycemic index (GI) is recognized as a significant measure for evaluating conditions associated with blood glucose. In this context, our research explores the correlation between TyG-BMI and GI in relation to diet quality, anthropometric measurements, and blood pressure among individuals diagnosed with MetS.

The Influence of Body Fat Percentage on Body Type Cognitive Bias Among Young Chinese Hospital Staff Members: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This study expanded the existing literature on obesity and distortion of body image by examining subjective and objective body type among young medical workers, specifically investigating whether fat percentage independently influences body type cognitive bias. We recruited 264 participants (41.29% male, mean age 26.

Investigation of causal associations between cerebral cortical structure and Barrett's esophagus: insights from Mendelian randomization and meta-analysis.

Background: Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a precancerous condition often associated with esophageal adenocarcinoma, influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. However, there is controversy regarding the causal relationship between cerebral cortical structures and BE, with recent studies suggesting a potential neurobiological component to its multifactorial etiology. This study aims to clarify this relationship by utilizing Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the potential causal effects of cortical structure variations on BE risk.

Interleukin-6 as a Pan-Cancer Prognostic Inflammatory Biomarker: A Population-Based Study and Comprehensive Bioinformatics Analysis.

Purpose: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a central factor linking inflammation to cancer. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of the prognostic value of IL-6 and its immunotherapeutic features using a population-based pan-cancer analysis and comprehensive bioinformatic analysis.

Patients And Methods: In the cohort study, 540 patients were included to explore the prognostic value of serum IL-6 levels in cancer.

Association between phase angle, body mass index and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study.

The purpose of this analysis was to investigate the associations between phase angle (PhA), body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance (IR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The retrospective cross-sectional study included 200 T2DM patients treated during 2018 to 2019 in Zhongda Hospital Southeast University. PhA and other body composition indicators were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).

Epidemiology, Controversies, and Dilemmas of Perioperative Nutritional Risk/Malnutrition: A Narrative Literature Review.

Current perioperative nutrition management is discouraging due to the under-recognition of clinical nutrition and the lagging development of clinical nutriology. This review aimed to identify and explore epidemiology, related adverse outcomes, controversies, and dilemmas of perioperative nutritional risk/malnutrition to call for further development of perioperative nutritional medicine. Databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Wanfang Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biology Medicine disc, and Chongqing VIP Database were searched for articles published between January 1, 2014 and August 31, 2024 using the following MeSH terms: ("nutritional risk"[Title/Abstract] OR "malnutrition"[Title/Abstract] OR "undernutrition"[Title/Abstract]) AND ("surgery"[Title/Abstract] OR "surgical"[Title/Abstract] OR "operative"[Title/Abstract] OR "operation"[Title/Abstract]).

The long-term and post-prandial effects of berry consumption on endothelial dysfunction in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the long-term and post-prandial effects of berry consumption on endothelial dysfunction (ED) in adults. To identify relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs), a systematic search was run and studies that examined the effects of berries consumption on ED markers were included. A total of 45 RCTs were included, focusing on markers such as flow-mediated dilation (FMD), pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx), reactive hyperaemia index (RHI) and total peripheral resistance (TPR).

Goreisan suppresses cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in a new mouse model with diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Background: The global increase in diabetes, driven by aging populations and lifestyle changes, has led to an increase in the incidence of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). DCM is characterized by metabolic abnormalities, oxidative stress, and inflammation, leading to cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Goreisan (GRS), a traditional Japanese Kampo medicine, is commonly used to treat fluid control such as edema, due to its diuretic effect.