Quality and quantity of macronutrients, and their joint associations with the incidence of type 2 diabetes over a nine-year follow-up.

Background: The association between macronutrient consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains equivocal. Here, we investigated whether the quantity and quality of macronutrient intake are associated with T2D incidence in a West Asian population.

Methods: T2D-free adults (n = 2457, mean age 38.

The association of body weight change and regression to normoglycemia in different phenotypes of pre-diabetes: Findings of a longitudinal cohort study.

Aim: We investigated the association of a 3-year change in body weight (BW) and regression to normal glucose regulation (NGR) among different phenotypes of pre-diabetes (Pre-DM), i.e., isolated impaired glucose tolerance (iIGT), isolated impaired fasting glucose (iIFG) and combined IFG-IGT.

Effect of a carbohydrate-restricted diet on weight loss in overweight and obese pediatric population: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: There are conflicting findings regarding the effect of low-carbohydrate diets on obesity-related factors. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a carbohydrate-restricted (CR) diet on changes in anthropometric indicators of adiposity and fat distribution in pediatrics populations.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase electronic databases using predefined keywords to identify all randomized controlled trials examining the effects of CR on obesity-related factors.

Consumption of ultra-processed foods and the incidence of hypertension: a cohort study.

The incidence of hypertension (HTN) and consumption of ultra-processed foods are increasing worldwide. However, only a limited amount of research has assessed the causality between ultra-processed foods and the risk of HTN. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the association between ultra-processed foods and the risk of HTN in a prospective cohort study.

The association between dietary nitrate, nitrite and total antioxidant capacity with cardiometabolic risk factors: a cross-sectional study among patients with type 2 diabetes.

Diabetes is a common, chronic, and complex disorder that leads to several disabilities and serious complications. Certain nutrients can be effective in the management of diabetes mellitus. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of dietary nitrate, nitrite, dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC), and nitric oxide (NO) index on some cardiometabolic parameters in patients with diabetes.

Effects of coffee and tea consumption on glioma risk: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Background: Coffee and tea are considered to have some effects on the risk of glioma as one of the most prevalent intracranial malignant tumors in adults. However, the precise effect of coffee and tea consumption on glioma is not obvious. This umbrella review aimed to evaluate the impact of tea and coffee consumption on glioma risk.

Protocol for producing a rat model of non-obese prediabetes using a mild hypercaloric diet approach.

Metabolic disease complications pose a significant health risk due to their early development, making their diagnosis and radical therapy a considerable challenge. Here, we present a protocol for producing a rat model of non-obese prediabetes characterized by hyperinsulinemia, normoglycemia, and normal body weight. We describe steps for inducing the model in Sprague-Dawley (SD) male and ovariectomized female rats by free feeding on a mild hypercaloric diet.

The association of social media with dietary behaviors among adults in the United Arab Emirates.

Background: Social media is an online community that offers a digital setting where people create, share, and access a wide range of information, knowledge, and viewpoints. This study assessed the association between social media use and eating behaviors and whether sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle habits are correlated with this association. In addition, it assessed whether this effect is different according to changes in lifestyle habits due to the COVID-19 pandemic among adults in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Carbohydrate quality indices and lung cancer risk: a case-control study from Iran.

Considering that carbohydrates play an important role in supplying the body with energy and exhibit diverse mechanisms that can either prevent or stimulate cancer, we hypothesize that the quality of carbohydrate intake may be associated with cancer risk, including lung cancer. This hospital-based case-control study was conducted on 135 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients, and 237 healthy age- and sex-matched hospitalized controls. We used a valid and reliable 148-item Food Frequency Questionnaire to collect the dietary intake of subjects.

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Adolescent (15-19 Years) Childbearing in Ghana.

Adolescent pregnancies continue to be a global issue that affects more high-income, middle-income, and then low-income countries, with the latter experiencing the majority of cases. The current study looked into the prevalence and variables predicting adolescent childbearing in Ghana. Data from the Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2017-2018 was used to conduct an analytical cross-sectional study.

The impact of energy releasing B-vitamin intake on indices of obesity and cardiac function: a cross-sectional study.

Background: B vitamins play a crucial role in the balance and metabolism of energy. Energy metabolism mainly benefits from the B-complex vitamins. Specifically, decarboxylation, transamination, acylation, oxidation, and reduction of substrates that are ultimately employed in energy intake require thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin B6.

The effect of weight loss therapies on sirtuin 1 regulation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Recent evidence shows the role of sirtuin 1(SIRT1), a family of evolutionarily conserved proteins, as a potential therapeutic target in the prevention and treatment of obesity and metabolic diseases. Some evidence shows the moderating effects of weight loss interventions on this factor. However, the findings are contradictory.

Major dietary patterns and their associations with total weight loss and weight loss composition 2-4 years after sleeve gastrectomy.

Background: Food intakes 1-2 years following bariatric surgery depend more on patients than the surgery's gastrointestinal tract changes. This study aimed to determine the major dietary patterns of patients after the first two years of sleeve gastrectomy and to investigate their associations with total weight loss (TWL) and the proportion of TWL as fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) loss.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 146 patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy 2-4 years after surgery.

Adipokines and Myokines as Markers of Malnutrition and Sarcopenia in Patients Receiving Kidney Replacement Therapy: An Observational, Cross-Sectional Study.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is linked to an elevated risk of malnutrition and sarcopenia, contributing to the intricate network of CKD-related metabolic disorders. Adipokines and myokines are markers and effectors of sarcopenia and nutritional status. The aim of this study was to assess whether the adipokine-myokine signature in patients on kidney replacement therapy could help identify malnutrition and sarcopenia.

The association between food preferences, eating behavior, and body weight among female university students in the United Arab Emirates.

Introduction: This cross-sectional study investigated the associations between lifestyle, eating habits, food preferences, consumption patterns, and obesity among female university students in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Methods: Approximately 4,728 participants, including both Emirati and Non-Emirati students (International Students). Data collection involved face-to-face interviews and anthropometric measurements, showing an interrelated relationship between food preferences and obesity among female university students.

A new isoxazolyl-urea derivative induces apoptosis, paraptosis, and ferroptosis by modulating MAPKs in pancreatic cancer cells.

MAPK pathway regulates the major events including cell division, cell death, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. Small molecules that modulate the MAPK pathway have been demonstrated to impart cytotoxicity in cancer cells. Herein, the synthesis of a new isoxazolyl-urea derivative (QR-4) has been described and its effect on the growth of pancreatic cancer cells has been investigated.

Fruit and vegetable intake modifies the association between ultra-processed food and metabolic syndrome.

Background: This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the association between ultra-processed food (UPF) and the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), as well as to assess whether fruit and vegetable intake and weight change modify this association.

Methods: We included 1915 healthy participants who participated in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS), all of whom had complete demographic, anthropometric, and dietary measurements. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess UPF consumption based on the NOVA classification system.

Survival of spp., O157:H7, and in Ready-to-Eat "Guacamole": Role of Added Antimicrobials.

Ensuring the microbiological safety of food products is majorly important to regulatory agencies, producers, and consumers. This study aimed to examine the effects of three different antimicrobial agents, including chitosan (CH), mastic oil (M), and citric acid (CA), individually or as a combination, against spp., O157:H7, and (artificially inoculated) in Guacamole, a ready-to-eat (RTE) avocado-based salad.

Artificial intelligence chatbots for the nutrition management of diabetes and the metabolic syndrome.

Background: Recently, there has been a growing interest in exploring AI-driven chatbots, such as ChatGPT, as a resource for disease management and education.

Objective: The study aims to evaluate ChatGPT's accuracy and quality/clarity in providing nutritional management for Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM), the Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components, in accordance with the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics' guidelines.

Methods: Three nutrition management-related domains were considered: (1) Dietary management, (2) Nutrition care process (NCP) and (3) Menu planning (1500 kcal).

Healthy eating index 2015 might be associated with migraine headaches: Results from a Case-Control study.

Migraine headaches are the most prevalent disabling primary headaches, affecting individuals at an active age. Dietary interventions are considered low-cost and practical approaches to migraine prophylaxis. Hence, the present study aimed to assess the association between adherence to the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015) and migraine headaches.

Quality of life of caregivers of patients on home enteral nutrition.

Background: Home enteral nutrition (HEN) patients often rely heavily on caregivers (CGs), whose quality of life (QoL) is significantly impacted. This study aimed to identify potentially modifiable factors influencing the QoL of CGs of HEN patients.

Methods: A multicentre, cross-sectional study was conducted in three home nutrition centers from Jan 2021 to Jan 2022.

Association of tooth loss and nutritional status in adults: an overview of systematic reviews.

Background: Association of tooth loss and nutritional status has been widely researched with conflicting results. This overview aimed to analyse and summarize findings from systematic reviews on association of tooth loss with nutritional status, in view of their quality assessment and methodological characteristics.

Methods: Overview was conducted as per Cochrane Overviews of Reviews guidelines.

Associations between diet and nutritional supplements and colorectal cancer: A systematic review.

Background And Aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers around the world. The link between nutrients and the likelihood of developing CRC remains uncertain. The primary objective of the present study was to investigate the potential connection between dietary intake/dietary supplements and the occurrence of CRC through a literature review.