Neuronal Coupling Modes Show Differential Development in the Early Cortical Activity Networks of Human Newborns.

The third trimester is a critical period for the development of functional networks that support the lifelong neurocognitive performance, yet the emergence of neuronal coupling in these networks is poorly understood. Here, we used longitudinal high-density electroencephalographic recordings from preterm infants during the period from 33 to 45 weeks of conceptional age (CA) to characterize early spatiotemporal patterns in the development of local cortical function and the intrinsic coupling modes [ICMs; phase-phase (PPCs), amplitude-amplitude (AACs), and phase-amplitude correlations (PACs)]. Absolute local power showed a robust increase with CA across the full frequency spectrum, while local PACs showed sleep state-specific, biphasic development that peaked a few weeks before normal birth.

A global neuronal workspace model of functional neurological disorders.

We introduce here a general model of Functional Neurological Disorders based on the following hypothesis: a Functional Neurological Disorder could correspond to a consciously initiated voluntary top-down process causing involuntary lasting consequences that are consciously experienced and subjectively interpreted by the patient as involuntary. We develop this central hypothesis according to Global Neuronal Workspace theory of consciousness, that is particularly suited to describe interactions between conscious and non-conscious cognitive processes. We then present a list of predictions defining a research program aimed at empirically testing their validity.

Use of perampanel oral suspension for the treatment of refractory and super-refractory status epilepticus.

Introduction: Status epilepticus (SE) is a medical emergency associated with a significant risk of disability and death. The treatment of SE follows a step-wise approach, with limited data on ideal antiseizure medications (ASMs) for refractory and super refractory SE (RSE/SRSE). Perampanel (PER), an AMPA receptor antagonist, has shown promise in animal models but still has limited data in humans.

Novel LAMC3 pathogenic variant enriched in Finnish population causes malformations of cortical development and severe epilepsy.

Objective: Recessive LAMC3 mutations are recognized to cause epilepsy with cortical malformations characterized by polymicrogyria and pachygyria. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical picture and epilepsy phenotype of four patients with a previously undescribed LAMC3 variant.

Methods: All epilepsy patients treated in Kuopio Epilepsy Center (located in Kuopio, Finland) are offered the possibility to participate in a scientific study investigating biomarkers in epilepsy (Epibiomarker study).

Quantitative EEG features during the first day correlate to clinical outcome in perinatal asphyxia.

Objective: To assess whether computational electroencephalogram (EEG) measures during the first day of life correlate to clinical outcomes in infants with perinatal asphyxia with or without hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).

Methods: We analyzed four-channel EEG monitoring data from 91 newborn infants after perinatal asphyxia. Altogether 42 automatically computed amplitude- and synchrony-related EEG features were extracted as 2-hourly average at very early (6 h) and early (24 h) postnatal age; they were correlated to the severity of HIE in all infants, and to four clinical outcomes available in a subcohort of 40 newborns: time to full oral feeding (nasogastric tube NGT), neonatal brain MRI, Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE) at three months, and Griffiths Scales at two years.

Associations of physical fitness with cortical inhibition and excitation in adolescents and young adults.

Objective: We investigated the longitudinal associations of cumulative motor fitness, muscular strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) from childhood to adolescence with cortical excitability and inhibition in adolescence. The other objective was to determine cross-sectional associations of motor fitness and muscular strength with brain function in adolescence.

Methods: In 45 healthy adolescents (25 girls and 20 boys) aged 16-19 years, we assessed cortical excitability and inhibition by navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS), and motor fitness by 50-m shuttle run test and Box and block test, and muscular strength by standing long jump test.

The ethos brief index-validation of a brief questionnaire to evaluate wellness based on a holistic perspective in patients with restless legs syndrome.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to validate the Ethos Brief Index (EBI) in patients with Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS).

Methods: A cross-sectional design, including 788 subjects with RLS (65% women, 70.8 years, SD 11.

Experiences of facilitators and barriers for fulfilment of human needs when living with restless legs syndrome: a qualitative study.

Purpose: Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a widespread condition that affects sleep leading to daytime sleepiness, depression, and reduced quality of life. This study aims to determine and describe how patients with RLS experience their everyday life, with a focus on facilitators and barriers related to Maslow's hierarchical theory of human needs.

Method: Semi-structured interviews were analysed with qualitative content analysis resulting in facilitators and barriers affecting the fulfilment of the five human needs.

Systematic review of seizure-onset patterns in stereo-electroencephalography: Current state and future directions.

Objective: Increasing evidence suggests that the seizure-onset pattern (SOP) in stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG) is important for localizing the "true" seizure onset. Specifically, SOPs with low-voltage fast activity (LVFA) are associated with seizure-free outcome (Engel I). However, several classifications and various terms corresponding to the same pattern have been reported, challenging its use in clinical practice.

Hyaluronic Acid and Large Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) in Synovial Fluid and Plasma of Patients With End-Stage Arthritis: Positive Association of EVs to Joint Pain.

Objective: Hyaluronic acid (HA) in synovial fluid (SF) contributes to boundary lubrication with altered levels in osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). SF extracellular vesicles (EVs) may participate in arthritis by affecting inflammation and cartilage degradation. It remains unknown whether HA and EVs display joint-specific alterations in arthritic SFs.

Ghrelin for Neuroprotection in Post-Cardiac Arrest Coma: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival rates have markedly risen in the last decades, but neurological outcome only improved marginally. Despite research on more than 20 neuroprotective strategies involving patients in comas after cardiac arrest, none have demonstrated unequivocal evidence of efficacy; however, treatment with acyl-ghrelin has shown improved functional and histological brain recovery in experimental models of cardiac arrest and was safe in a wide variety of human study populations.

Objective: To determine safety and potential efficacy of intravenous acyl-ghrelin to improve neurological outcome in patients in a coma after cardiac arrest.

Interhemispheric coherence of EEG rhythms in children: Maturation and differentiation in corpus callosum dysgenesis.

Objectives: To evaluate the evolution of interhemispheric coherences (ICo) in background and spindle frequency bands during childhood and use it to identify individuals with corpus callosum dysgenesis (CCd).

Methods: A monocentric cohort of children aged from 0.25 to 15 years old, consisting of 13 children with CCd and 164 without, was analyzed.

Association between arterial health and cognition in adolescents: The PANIC study.

We investigated the associations of the measures of arterial health with cognition in adolescents and whether physical activity (PA) or sedentary time (ST) confounds these associations. One hundred sixteen adolescents (71 boys) aged 15.9 ± 0.

Expanding the Spectrum of Congenital Myopathy Linked to Variants in the Gene: A Clinical Report.

Objectives: Heterozygous missense variants in have been recently identified in 13 patients from 6 families with congenital myopathy with tremor. All the patients had mild skeletal myopathy invariably associated with a distinctive myogenic tremor and hypotonia with gradual clinical improvement. However, no phenotypic description has been reported for the neonatal respiratory impairment that patients may suffer.

Single-shot frequency offset measurement with HASTE using the selective parity approach.

Measurements of frequency offset are commonly required in MRI. The standard method measures the signal phase as a function of evolution time. Here we use a single shot turbo-spin-echo acquisition method to measure frequency offset at a single evolution time.

The online educational tool "Roadmap to EEGs" significantly improved trainee performance in recognizing EEG patterns.

Objective: We created a framework to assess the competency-based EEG curriculum, outlined by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) through a video-based online educational resource ("Roadmap to EEGs") and assessed its effectiveness and feasibility in improving trainees' knowledge.

Methods: Ten video-based e-learning modules addressed seven key topics in EEG and epileptology (normal EEG, normal variants, EEG artifacts, interictal epileptiform discharges (IED), focal seizures, idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE), and developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE)). We posted the educational videos on YouTube for free access.

Sex differences in the diagnostic value of optic nerve sheath diameter for assessing intracranial pressure.

The optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) can predict elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) but it is not known whether diagnostic characteristics differ between men and women. This observational study was performed at the Karolinska University Hospital in Sweden to assess sex differences in diagnostic accuracy for ONSD. We included 139 patients (65 women), unconscious and/or sedated, with invasive ICP monitoring.