Transient susceptibility to interference at event boundaries impacts long-term memory of naturalistic episodes.

During ongoing narratives, event boundaries trigger processes relevant for subsequent memory. Previous work has shown that novel, unrelated input presented at an event boundary can retroactively interfere with short-term retention of the preceding event. This interference was attributed to a perturbation of offset-related processes taking place within seconds after encoding and supporting the binding of elements into a coherent event memory.

Safety, tolerability, and efficacy outcomes of the Investigation of Levetiracetam in Alzheimer's disease (ILiAD) study: a pilot, double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial.

Objective: To assess whether the antiseizure medication levetiracetam may improve cognition in individuals with Alzheimer's disease who have not previously experienced a seizure.

Methods: We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover pilot study in individuals with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease. Electroencephalography was performed at baseline and those with active epileptiform discharges were excluded.

Continuous measurement in neurocritical care of cerebral blood flow (CBF) calculated from ICP and central venous pressure.

The cerebral blood flow, CBF, is an important clinical parameter in neuro-intensive care. The possibility to continuously monitor CBF, computed from referential ICP, rICP (calculated from measured intracranial pressure, ICP, and central venous pressure, CVP) and venous outflow resistance, Rv, could importantly improve patient care. For the CBF(1) method the pulsative part of CBF (with rICP increase due to vascular volume increase) gives the venous outflow resistance, Rv.

Systemic messenger RNA replacement therapy is effective in a novel clinically relevant model of acute intermittent porphyria developed in non-human primates.

Objective: Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a rare metabolic disorder caused by haploinsufficiency of hepatic porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD), the third enzyme of the heme biosynthesis. Individuals with AIP experience neurovisceral attacks closely associated with hepatic overproduction of potentially neurotoxic heme precursors.

Design: We replicated AIP in non-human primates (NHPs) through selective knockdown of the hepatic gene and evaluated the safety and therapeutic efficacy of human PBGD (hPBGD) mRNA rescue.

Breaking the burst: Unveiling mechanisms behind fragmented network bursts in patient-derived neurons.

Fragmented network bursts (NBs) are observed as a phenotypic driver in many patient-derived neuronal networks on multi-electrode arrays (MEAs), but the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are unknown. Here, we used our previously developed biophysically detailed in silico model to investigate these mechanisms. Fragmentation of NBs in our model simulations occurred only when the level of short-term synaptic depression (STD) was enhanced, suggesting that STD is a key player.

Cholinergic dysfunction in isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder links to impending phenoconversion.

Background And Purpose: Most patients with isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD) progress to a parkinsonian alpha-synucleinopathy. However, time to phenoconversion shows great variation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether cholinergic and dopaminergic dysfunction in iRBD patients was associated with impending phenoconversion.

Education Research: EEG Education in Child Neurology and Neurodevelopmental Disabilities Residencies: A Survey of US and Canadian Program Directors.

Background And Objectives: In the United States, many child neurologists (CNs) and neurodevelopmental disability (NDD) specialists who read EEGs in clinical practice had no additional EEG training other than what was received during residency. This practice highlights the importance of ensuring that CN/NDD residents achieve EEG competence before graduation. However, prior survey-based evidence showed that roughly a third of graduating CN residents in the United States do not feel confident interpreting EEGs independently.

Education Research: Competency-Based EEG Education: An Online Routine EEG Examination for Adult and Child Neurology Residents.

Background And Objectives: We recently published expert consensus-based curricular objectives for routine EEG (rEEG) interpretation for adult and child neurology residents. In this study, we used this curriculum framework to develop and validate an online, competency-based, formative and summative rEEG examination for neurology residents.

Methods: We developed an online rEEG examination consisting of a brief survey and 30 multiple-choice questions covering EEG learning objectives for neurology residents in 4 domains: normal, abnormal, normal variants, and artifacts.

The psychometric properties of the Pearlin Mastery Scale in persons living with restless legs syndrome.

Introduction: Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a neurological disorder characterized by an urge to move arms and legs, commonly combined with distress, pain and motor restlessness. It can cause fragmented sleep, daytime symptoms, and decreased quality of life. Pharmacological treatment can suppress symptoms, but not cure.

Is Intraoperative Muscle Motor Evoked Potential Variability due to Fluctuating Lower Motor Neuron Background Excitability?

Purpose: This pilot study tests the contribution of fluctuating lower motor neuron excitability to motor evoked potential (MEP) variability.

Methods: In six pediatric patients with idiopathic scoliosis and normal neurologic examination, cascades of 30 intraoperative H-reflexes (HRs) and MEPs were evoked in the soleus muscle using constant-current stimulators and recorded through surface electrodes with a 20-second interstimulus interval. First, HRs were obtained with an intensity capable of evoking the maximum response.

Unveiling variability: A systematic review of reproducibility in visual EEG analysis, with focus on seizures.

Objective: Reproducibility is key for diagnostic tests involving subjective evaluation by experts. Our aim was to systematically review the reproducibility of visual analysis in clinical electroencephalogram (EEG). In this paper, we give data on the scope of EEG features found, and detailed reproducibility data for the most studied feature.

Central Aspects of Tinnitus: Advances in Mechanisms and Neuromodulation.

Tinnitus is a complex neuro-otologic disorder with a significant global impact, affecting approximately 14% of adults, with 2% experiencing severe forms [...

David Ferrier's "complex whole": Early traces of a "brain network" concept.

Currently, the idea that the brain is a complex network of interacting brain regions is hardly controversial. The rapid development of this field is often attributed to the emergence of powerful brain-imaging techniques and, around the millennium, the merging of the neuroscience of brain networks with modern mathematical graph theory. However, little is known about the historical roots of this concept.

The incidence of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) in the Republic of Ireland.

Background: The incidence of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) in Ireland has previously been studied in only a small geographical area. Our aim was to calculate an incidence rate for the whole of the Republic of Ireland in 2019.

Methods: All deaths referred to the coroner in 2019 were examined.