Cuneus atrophy and Parkinsonian phenoconversion in cognitively unimpaired patients with isolated REM sleep behavior disorder.

Isolated rapid-eye-movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is a strong predictor of Parkinson's disease and Dementia with Lewy bodies. Previous studies indicate that cortical atrophy in iRBD patients may be linked to cognitive impairment, but the pattern of atrophy is inconsistently reported. This study aimed to elucidate cortical atrophy patterns in a cognitively unimpaired iRBD cohort, focusing on regions associated with cognitive functions, particularly the cuneus/precuneus, and evaluated the predictive value for future phenoconversion.

Home video review in a pediatric clinical neurophysiology led multidisciplinary team meeting.

Objective: Assessment of the value of review of home videos by a pediatric multidisciplinary team (MDT) in a pediatric neurophysiology department.

Methods: We describe and evaluate the review of home videos alongside clinical history and previous investigations from patients referred to the Evelina pediatric EEG department at a twice-monthly MDT meeting between 01/2021 and 09/2022. We retrospectively analyzed measures of video quality, quantity and duration, time taken from referral to MDT meeting, pre-MDT and post-MDT meeting proposed diagnosis and clinical outcomes.

Effect of familiarity and knowledge about epilepsy on associated cultural stereotypes in French society.

People with epilepsy face stigma that impacts numerous aspects of their daily lives. Although the stigma surrounding people with epilepsy has been extensively documented, the mechanisms underlying it-such as cultural stereotypes-remain to be explored. Cultural stereotypes are widely shared beliefs within a cultural context about attributes typically associated with members of a particular group.

The diagnostic journey of patients being investigated for myopathy in a tertiary centre in England.

Myopathies are heterogenous and can provide a diagnostic puzzle. Many patients investigated for myopathy will go on to other diagnoses. An overall understanding of how patients are investigated for suspected myopathy is lacking.

Sensory Entrained TMS (seTMS) enhances motor cortex excitability.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied to the motor cortex has revolutionized the study of motor physiology in humans. Despite this, TMS-evoked electrophysiological responses show significant variability, due in part to inconsistencies between TMS pulse timing and ongoing brain oscillations. Variable responses to TMS limit mechanistic insights and clinical efficacy, necessitating the development of methods to precisely coordinate the timing of TMS pulses to the phase of relevant oscillatory activity.

A complex and severe encephalitis associated with four co-existing neuronal cell-surface autoantibodies.

Many forms of autoimmune encephalitis are mediated by neuronal cell-surface directed autoantibodies. The co-occurrence of four neuronal cell-surface antibodies in a single patient is exceptionally rare. We report a patient who had a severe encephalitis associated with antibodies to NMDA, Glycine, GABA and GABA receptors.

Micrognathia and cleft palate as a cause of obstructive sleep apnoea in infants.

Aim: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is common in Robin sequence (RS). We investigated the significance of micrognathia, cleft palate and sleep positioning on OSA in infants.

Methods: We analysed our 13-year national reference centre polysomnography (PSG) dataset.

Taste Perception and Saliva Composition Are Not Altered in Burning Mouth Syndrome.

Objectives: To study the connections between burning mouth syndrome (BMS) and taste perception and saliva, and interactions between saliva and taste in BMS patients compared to age- and gender-matched control subjects.

Materials And Methods: A total of 31 BMS patients (43-82 years) and 20 age- and gender-matched volunteers (44-78 years) participated. The taste sensation for six tastants was measured using both the taste strips protocol and the whole-mouth evaluation method.

Effects of hyperglycemia on neuronal network function in an in vitro model of the ischemic penumbra.

Introduction: Hyperglycemia is common in acute ischemic stroke, and associated with unfavorable outcome. However, the optimal glucose level is not known and cellular effects of hyperglycemia under hypoxia are largely unclear. We assessed how the extracellular glucose concentration affects cultured neuronal networks under experimental in vitro conditions, to provide a starting point for assessment of mechanisms at the neuronal network and cellular levels.

Diagnostic value of EEG after a first unprovoked seizure in adults - A population-based study.

Objective: Electroencephalography (EEG) is a standard investigation after a first unprovoked seizure but the diagnostic value in adults remains unclear. Our objective was to investigate the diagnostic value of EEG after a first unprovoked seizure in a population-based cohort in Gothenburg, Sweden.

Methods: This retrospective population-based study included adult patients referred by a neurologist for EEG after a first unprovoked seizure from August 2016 - December 2019 in the greater Gothenburg catchment area.

Altered cervical proprioception and biomechanics in obstructive sleep apnea: a case-control study.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare cervical proprioception and related biomechanical factors among patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and asymptomatic controls.

Methods: In this case-control study, polysomnography scores (apnea-hypopnea index-AHI) were examined to determine the disease severity of the OSA group. Also, we evaluated cervical proprioception by using a laser pointer to detect joint repositioning error sense in cervical rotational movements.

The effect of binaural pulse modulation (B.P.M) on brain state in depression and anxiety: a case series.

Objective: In this pilot study a binaural pulse modulator was tested to see if it leads to a change in self-reported measures of distress. This binaural pulse modulator produces two frequencies that combine to create a binaural pulse to stimulate the nervous system through a differential auditory tone presentation and the response of the user can be adjusted to the appropriate target tone for effective treatment use. Each individual calibrated the binaural pulse to increase the level of emotion experienced while imagining an experience with a similar emotional valence or while engaged in a cognitive function while also listening to the sound.

Noise-sensitivity during sleep in non-sedated mechanically ventilated patients is associated with weaning duration: a polysomnographic study.

Background: Poor sleep is a major concern in intensive care units (ICUs), particularly in mechanically ventilated patients, because it is associated with longer duration of the weaning phase and higher mortality. High noise levels in ICUs are frequently reported by patients as one of the most disturbing sleep-disrupting factors but would be responsible for less than 20% of arousals. This suggests major inter-individual variability in noise sensitivity.

Does sleep quality mediate the association between post-traumatic stress disorder symptom severity and pain interference in trauma-affected refugees?

Poor sleep quality is well recognised in both post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and pain conditions. Comorbid chronic pain is prevalent in populations with PTSD and is believed to maintain symptoms of PTSD and increase the complexity of the condition. Ongoing diminished sleep quality may serve to maintain pain and PTSD symptoms, and thus affect the efficacy of first-line PTSD treatment.

Reliability of MScanFit Motor Unit Number Estimation in the Trapezius Muscle.

Introduction/aims: MScanFit motor unit number estimation (MUNE) is the most recent MUNE method which has shown promising results in extremity muscles, but it has not been applied to bulbar muscles. Bulbar muscles are particularly important in the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and reliability of MScanFit MUNE in the accessory nerve and trapezius muscles.

ILAE neonatal seizure framework to aide in determining etiology.

Objective: To employ the neonatal seizure framework developed by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) Neonatal Task force to assess its usefulness in determining the etiology of neonatal seizures.

Methods: The members of the ILAE Neonatal Task Force evaluated 157 seizures from 146 neonates to determine internal validity and associations between semiology and a specific etiology.

Results: Provoked neonatal electrographic and electroclinical seizures were due to multiple etiologies.

Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Tests and Electroencephalogram Results Among Cirrhotic Patients.

: Patients with cirrhosis who seem normal during physical examinations may still have abnormalities in their electroencephalogram (EEG) or show pathological results in neuropsychological tests. This study aimed to investigate the progression of minimal hepatic encephalopathy, its effects on quality of life, its prognostic value, and its significance for daily functioning. : This study involved 50 patients with confirmed cirrhosis (28 Child A, 12 Child B, 10 Child C) who were assessed for psychological symptoms and underwent several tests: the Minimal Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Letter Cancellation Test, the Digit Symbol Coding Test, and EEG.

Sleep Deprivation in Healthy Males Increases Muscle Afferents, Impairing Motor Preparation and Reducing Endurance.

Purpose: Sleep deprivation (SD) reduces time to task failure during endurance exercises. The aim of our work was to study the effect of acute SD on the endurance of a skeletal hand muscle and to investigate cortical motor drive to muscle and perception of effort.

Methods: Origin of the early exhaustion after SD might be insufficient cortical motor drive to muscle or motor inhibition because of excessive perception of effort.

Traumatic neuroma of the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve treated by targeted muscle reinnervation using the epitrochleoanconeus muscle.

This case shows the feasibility of targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) in a patient with a traumatic neuroma of the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve (MABCN). TMR was performed by connecting the proximal stump of the MABCN to the branch innervating the accessory epitrochleoanconeus muscle. Postoperatively, the patient reported significantly less pain.

Outcome More Than 20 Years After Surgery for Ulnar Nerve Compression at the Elbow.

Background: Ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow is a common neurological entrapment neuropathy. Previous research has shown that surgical treatment can be highly successful. Only a few studies have reported on long-term outcome after surgery.

Effectiveness of sodium channel blockers in treating neonatal seizures due to arterial ischemic stroke.

Objective: Few studies have evaluated the efficacy of antiseizure medications (ASMs) according to the etiology of neonatal acute provoked seizures. We aimed to investigate the response to ASMs in term/near term neonates with acute arterial ischemic stroke (AIS), as well as the type of seizure at presentation and the monitoring approach.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated neonates from 15 European level IV neonatal intensive care units who presented with seizures due to AIS and were monitored by continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) and/or amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG) in whom actual recordings, timing, doses, and response to ASMs were available for review.