Dysfunctional BCAA degradation triggers neuronal damage through disrupted AMPK-mitochondrial axis due to enhanced PP2Ac interaction.

Metabolic and neurological disorders commonly display dysfunctional branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism, though it is poorly understood how this leads to neurological damage. We investigated this by generating Drosophila mutants lacking BCAA-catabolic activity, resulting in elevated BCAA levels and neurological dysfunction, mimicking disease-relevant symptoms. Our findings reveal a reduction in neuronal AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, which disrupts autophagy in mutant brain tissues, linking BCAA imbalance to brain dysfunction.

Advances in Organic Fluorescent and Colorimetric Probes for The Detection of Cu and Their Applications in Cancer Cell Imaging (2020-2024).

Organic fluorescence and colorimetric probes have emerged as vital tools for detecting metal ions, due to their high sensitivity, selectivity, and rapid response times. Copper, an essential trace element, plays a critical role in biological systems, yet its imbalance can lead to severe disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and Wilson's disease. Over the past few years, advancements in probe design have unlocked innovative avenues for not only detecting Cu in environmental and biological samples but also for visualizing its distribution through fluorescence imaging.

Association of nighttime very short-term blood pressure variability determined by pulse transit time with adverse prognosis in patients with heart failure.

Long-term blood pressure (BP) variability (BPV) is associated with adverse prognosis in patients with heart failure. However, the clinical significance of very short-term (beat-to-beat) BPV is unclear. We collected data on nighttime pulse transit time-based continuous beat-to-beat BP measurement in patients with heart failure (n = 366, median age 72.

Fabrication of alginate dialdehyde-gelatin crosslinked hydrogels incorporated with cinnamaldehyde nanoparticles for meat preservation.

Meat spoilage caused by Salmonella Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) contamination has become a major concern worldwide. Herein, the antibacterial mechanisms of cinnamaldehyde (CIN) against S.

Antioxidative and Anticancer Potential of Luteolin: A Comprehensive Approach Against Wide Range of Human Malignancies.

Luteolin is widely distributed phytochemical, a flavonoid, in kingdom plantae. Luteolin with potential antioxidant activity prevent ROS-induced damages and reduce oxidative stress which is mainly responsible in pathogenesis of many diseases. Several chemo preventive activities and therapeutic benefits are associated with luteolin.

Green Synthesis of Tetrahydropyrazino[2,1-a:5,4-a']diisoquinolines as SARS-CoV-2 Entry Inhibitors.

A class of tetrahydropyrazino[2,1-a:5,4-a']diisoquinoline derivatives were synthesized under environmentally friendly conditions using water as the solvent. The 3-D structures of some synthesized compounds were determined by X-ray diffraction. Since naturally occurring isoquinoline alkaloids have significant antiviral activities against a wide range of viruses, including coronaviruses, the synthesized compounds were assayed for their inhibitory activities against SARS-CoV-2.

Identifying Potential Autophagy Modulators in Panch Phoron Spices (P5S): An In Silico approach.

Despite recent breakthroughs in diagnosis and treatment, cancer remains a worldwide health challenge with high mortality. Autophagy plays a major role in the progression and development. Starving cancer cells obtain nutrients through the upregulation of autophagy.

Treating genetic blood disorders in the era of CRISPR-mediated genome editing.

In the setting of monogenic disease, advances made in genome editing technologies can, in principle, be deployed as a therapeutic strategy to precisely correct a specific gene mutation in an affected cell type and restore functionality. Using the β-hemoglobinopathies and hemophilia as exemplars, we review recent experimental breakthroughs utilizing CRISPR-derived genome editing technology that have translated to significant improvements in the management of inherited hematologic disorders. Yet there are also challenges facing the use of CRISPR mediated genome editing in these patients and we discuss possible ways to obviate those issues for furtherance of clinical benefit.

Awareness of Contraindications Among Cancer Patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Cancer patients often face challenges in managing their disease, particularly with regard to contraindications related to medications, foods, and physical activity, which can negatively affect treatment outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate cancer patients' awareness of these contraindications and to explore the influence of sociodemographic factors, support systems, comorbidities, and medication use on their knowledge.

Methods: A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted with 125 cancer patients in Saudi Arabia between December 2022 and February 2023.

Vanillin and IGF1-loaded dual-layer multifunctional wound dressing with micro-nanofibrous structure for full-thickness wound healing acceleration.

Multifunctional dual-layer wound dressings hold significant promise for comprehensive full-thickness wound management by closely mimicking the native skin structure and features. Herein, we employed an innovative approach utilizing electrospinning techniques to develop a dual-layer dressing comprising a microfibrous Ecoflex®-Vanillin (Ex-Vnil) top layer (TL) and a nanofibrous Soluplus®-Insulin-like growth factor-1 (Sol-IGF1) bottom layer (BL). The tensile properties of dual-layer wound dressings were within the standard range for use in skin tissue regeneration.

Zeatin Elicits Premature Erythrocyte Senescence Through Calcium and Oxidative Stress Mediated by the NOS/PKC/CK1α Signaling Axis.

Cytokinins are plant hormones that regulate cell growth and differentiation. In particular, zeatin (ZTN) delays cellular senescence of human fibroblasts and keratinocytes and exhibits anticancer activity. Chemotherapy-induced anemia is a major side effect of anticancer therapy secondary to premature senescence of red blood cells (RBCs).

Inflammasome activation in melanoma progression: the latest update concerning pathological role and therapeutic value.

The progression of melanoma is a complex process influenced by both internal and external cues which encourage the transition of tumour cells, uncontrolled growth, migration, and metastasis. Additionally, inflammation allows tumours to evade the immune system, contributing to cancer development. The inflammasome, a complex of many proteins, is crucial in enhancing immune responses to external and internal triggers.

Physicochemically Cross-linked Injectable Hydrogel: an Adhesive Skin Substitute for Burned Wound Therapy.

Burns carry a large surface area, varying in shapes and depths, and an elevated risk of infection. Regardless of the underlying etiology, burns pose significant medical challenges and a high mortality rate. Given the limitations of current therapies, tissue-engineering-based treatments for burns are inevitable.

Penehyclidine Hydrochloride: A Promising Antimuscarinic Agent for PONV Prophylaxis in Diverse Surgical Procedures.

Purpose: The purpose of this meta-analysis is to measure the effectiveness of penehyclidine hydrochloride hydrate (PHC)-an antimuscarinic drug-in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) for different surgeries.

Design: Meta-analysis.

Methods: According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we conducted an online literature search using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases.

The clinicopathological significance of BRI3BP in women with invasive breast cancer.

Background: Invasive breast cancer (BC) is a highly life-threatening disease affecting women world-wide. While its early identification may benefit the provision of more effective therapies, several BC-associated factors may influence BC patients' therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, identifying novel prognostic and therapeutic targets for invasive BC can help with accurate prognosis and therapy-related decisions.

Therapeutic Innovations in Nanomedicine: Exploring the Potential of Magnetotactic Bacteria and Bacterial Magnetosomes.

Nanotechnology has emerged as a revolutionary domain with diverse applications in medicine, and one of the noteworthy developments is the exploration of bacterial magnetosomes acquired from magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) for therapeutic purposes. The demand for natural nanomaterials in the biomedical field is continuously increasing due to their biocompatibility and eco-friendly nature. MTB produces uniform, well-ordered magnetic nanoparticles inside the magnetosomes, drawing attention due to their unique and remarkable features.

Biosynthesis and activity of Zn-MnO nanocomposite in vitro with molecular docking studies against multidrug resistance bacteria and inflammatory activators.

This study investigated the green synthesis of Zn-MnO nanocomposites via the fungus Penicillium rubens. Herein, the synthesized Zn-MnO nanocomposites were confirmed by UV-spectrophotometry with a top peak (370 nm). Transmission electron microscopy confirmed irregular particles with a spherical-like shape ranging from 25.

Cancer-associated fibroblast-derived exosomes in cancer progression: A focus on hepatocellular carcinoma.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) has drawn much interest recently in the search for innovative cancer therapeutics, especially in light of the growing body of evidence supporting the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The TME comprises various cell types within the extracellular matrix (ECM), such as immune cells, endothelial cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Throughout the malignancy, these cells interact with cancerous cells and with one another.

Protective Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation Against Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Model.

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality on a global scale, with a higher prevalence observed among men. This study investigated the protective effect of vitamin D supplementation on CVD.

Methods: A cohort of thirty mice was divided into three groups: control, T1 diabetic, and T1 diabetic groups that received vitamin D treatment.

Exploring the neuroprotective benefits of phytochemicals extracted from indigenous edible fruits in Bangladesh.

The increasing incidence of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) and the constraints of existing treatment methods have spurred a keen interest in investigating alternative therapies. Medicinal plants, renowned for their long-standing use in traditional medicine, offer a hopeful avenue for discovering new neuroprotective agents. This study emphasizes the potential neuroprotective characteristics of edible fruit plants in Bangladesh, specifically focusing on their traditional folk medicine uses for neurological disorders.

Polyphenols as Wnt/β-catenin pathway modulators: A promising strategy in clinical neurodegeneration.

Polyphenols, a diverse group of naturally occurring compounds found in plants, have garnered significant attention for their potential therapeutic properties in treating neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). The Wnt/β-catenin (WβC) signaling pathway, a crucial player in neurogenesis, neuronal survival, and synaptic plasticity, is involved in several cellular mechanisms related to NDs. Dysregulation of this pathway is a hallmark in the development of various NDs.

Bronchial structural changes analyzed with three-dimensional computed tomography correlate with severe acute graft-versus-host disease after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Severe acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) can occur during allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), causing considerable morbidity and mortality. Although several biomarkers have been reported for predicting acute GVHD, they are often difficult to measure in routine clinical practice. Recently, three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) has been used to quantify the detailed bronchial structure, which might correlate with acute GVHD.

Recent Perspectives on Anticancer Potential of Coumarin Against Different Human Malignancies: An Updated Review.

Coumarins, a group of naturally occurring compounds, have been reported to demonstrate anticancer potential. These substances, distinguished by their combined benzene and α-pyrone rings, have been demonstrated to impact multiple cellular mechanisms essential for the initiation and advancement of cancer. These agents work in different ways that prevent different tumor cells from growing, spreading, and increasing.

Differential expression of in normal and tumor tissues: Implications for cancer biology and prognosis.

Objectives: , which is primarily recognized for determining blood types, shows variable expression patterns in different tissues and cancer types. This study investigated the relationship between gene expression and cancer, and assessed its potential impact on patient survival.

Methods: Utilizing the GEPIA database, we analyzed expression in normal and tumor tissues across various cancer types using online tools for comprehensive evaluation.