Long-term posttransplant survival outcome following bridging locoregional therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: Liver transplantation (LT) is essential due to its curative efficacy, but liver-graft shortages have limited its widespread application. Bridging locoregional therapy (LRT) before LT has been performed to prevent tumor progression, and a recent literature review revealed that it is associated with a nonsignificant trend toward better survival outcomes. However, much more information on bridging therapy has become available since then.

Prognostic model for resected borderline and locally advanced pancreatic cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Background: The current AJCC 8th has been reported to have a poor ability to predict the prognosis in patients with resected borderline resectable pancreatic cancer and locally advanced pancreatic cancer following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This study aimed to develop an improved prognostic model by incorporating pathology and parameters of biologic response (BR).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted including patients who underwent curative-intent surgery following chemotherapy.

Elevated Vitamin B12, Risk of Cancer, and Mortality: A Systematic Review.

Vitamin B12 (B12) is a molecule involved in several biological. Abnormally high levels are frequently found, but their causes can be multiple, and consequences have not been clearly elucidated. The objective of this review was to summarize the current evidence on the associations of elevated B12 and the development of cancer, and all-cause mortality in adults.

Comparison of early fungicidal activity and mortality between daily liposomal amphotericin B and daily amphotericin B deoxycholate among patients with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis.

Background: Limited data exist on the antifungal activity of daily liposomal amphotericin B with flucytosine induction regimens for cryptococcal meningitis, which are recommended in high-income countries. Liposomal amphotericin B monotherapy at 3 mg/kg previously failed to meet non-inferiority criteria compared to amphotericin B deoxycholate in its registrational clinical trial. We aimed to compare the quantitative antifungal activity and mortality between daily amphotericin B deoxycholate and daily liposomal amphotericin among persons with HIV-related cryptococcal meningitis receiving adjunctive flucytosine 100 mg/kg/day.

Predicting Recurrence-Free Survival After Upfront Surgery in Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Preoperative Risk Score Based on CA 19-9, CT, and F-FDG PET/CT.

Objective: To develop and validate a preoperative risk score incorporating carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, CT, and fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) PET/CT variables to predict recurrence-free survival (RFS) after upfront surgery in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Materials And Methods: Patients with resectable PDAC who underwent upfront surgery between 2014 and 2017 (development set) or between 2018 and 2019 (test set) were retrospectively evaluated. In the development set, a risk-scoring system was developed using the multivariable Cox proportional hazards model, including variables associated with RFS.

Cost-effective analysis of hepatitis A vaccination in Kerala state, India.

Several hepatitis A outbreaks have recently been reported in Kerala state, India. To inform coverage decision of hepatitis A vaccine in Kerala, this study aimed to examine the cost-effectiveness of 1) hepatitis A vaccination among children aged 1 year and individuals aged 15 years, and 2) serological screening of individuals aged 15 years and vaccination of susceptible as compared to no vaccination or vaccination without serological screening. Both live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine and inactivated hepatitis A vaccine were considered in the analysis.

Associations between diabetes-related genetic risk scores and residual beta cell function in type 1 diabetes: the GUTDM1 study.

Aims/hypothesis: Use of genetic risk scores (GRS) may help to distinguish between type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes, but less is known about whether GRS are associated with disease severity or progression after diagnosis. Therefore, we tested whether GRS are associated with residual beta cell function and glycaemic control in individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Immunochip arrays and TOPMed were used to genotype a cross-sectional cohort (n=479, age 41.

Associations of Insecticide Exposure with Childhood Asthma and Wheezing: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Sanya, China.

Insecticide exposure may affect childhood asthma/wheezing, but evidence is scarce in low- and middle-income countries. We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study in Sanya, China. Generalized linear models were adopted to assess the associations of insecticide exposure with childhood asthma/wheezing, reported as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Continuing or stopping 5-aminosalicylates in patients with inflammatory bowel disease on anti-TNF therapy: A nationwide population-based study.

Background: The impact of continuing or stopping 5-aminosalicylates (5-ASA) after commencing anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear.

Aims: To compare the outcomes of patients with IBD who stopped or continued 5-ASA after starting anti-TNF therapy.

Methods: We analysed data from the Korean National Health Insurance claims database between 2007 and 2020.

Increased risk of fragility fractures in patients with primary biliary cholangitis.

Large-scale studies on the risk of fragility fractures in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) are limited due to low incidence. We aimed to investigate whether PBC is associated with fragility fractures using real-world nationwide data. The Korean National Health Insurance Service claims data from 2007 to 2020 were analyzed in this population-based cohort study.

The Investigating Image Registration Accuracy and Contour Propagation for Adaptive Radiotherapy Purposes in Line with the Task Group No. 132 Recommendation.

Purpose: Image registration is a crucial component of the adaptive radiotherapy workflow. This study investigates the accuracy of the deformable image registration (DIR) and contour propagation features of SmartAdapt, an application in the Eclipse treatment planning system (TPS) version 16.1.

Dual process models of clinical reasoning: The central role of knowledge in diagnostic expertise.

Rationale: Research on diagnostic reasoning has been conducted for fifty years or more. There is growing consensus that there are two distinct processes involved in human diagnostic reasoning: System 1, a rapid retrieval of possible diagnostic hypotheses, largely automatic and based to a large part on experiential knowledge, and System 2, a slower, analytical, conscious application of formal knowledge to arrive at a diagnostic conclusion. However, within this broad framework, controversy and disagreement abound.

The influence of context on diagnostic reasoning: A narrative synthesis of experimental findings.

Aims And Objectives: Contextual information which is implicitly available to physicians during clinical encounters has been shown to influence diagnostic reasoning. To better understand the psychological mechanisms underlying the influence of context on diagnostic accuracy, we conducted a review of experimental research on this topic.

Method: We searched Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus for relevant articles and looked for additional records by reading the references and approaching experts.

Diagnosis of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms Using Proton-Density Magnetic Resonance Angiography: A Comparison With High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Magnetic Resonance Angiography.

Objective: Differentiating intracranial aneurysms from normal variants using CT angiography (CTA) or MR angiography (MRA) poses significant challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of proton-density MRA (PD-MRA) compared to high-resolution time-of-flight MRA (HR-MRA) in diagnosing aneurysms among patients with indeterminate findings on conventional CTA or MRA.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective analysis, we included patients who underwent both PD-MRA and HR-MRA from August 2020 to July 2022 to assess lesions deemed indeterminate on prior conventional CTA or MRA examinations.

Complete Obstruction, a Real Risk Factor: A Comprehensive Study on Obstruction in Stage IIA Colon Cancer With Propensity Score Matching Analysis.

Microabstract: This study evaluates the prognostic significance of obstructions in stage IIA colon cancer, distinguishing between partial and complete obstructions. It employs a retrospective review of 1914 patients with propensity score matching to analyze oncologic outcomes. Findings reveal complete obstruction as a significant risk factor for poorer outcomes, emphasizing the necessity for further research to refine treatment strategies, particularly regarding the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy across obstruction types.

Antithrombotic Treatment and Clinical Outcomes After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Retrospective Cohort Study from the Swedish Stroke Register.

Background: A rapid shift has occurred from vitamin K antagonists toward direct oral anticoagulants, which have a lower risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, effects on clinical outcomes after ICH are understudied. We aimed to describe the prevalence of antithrombotic drugs and to study the prognosis among prestroke functionally independent Swedish patients with ICH.

Comparison of limited driving pressure ventilation and low tidal volume strategies in adults with acute respiratory failure on mechanical ventilation: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) presents a grave risk to acute respiratory failure patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. Low tidal volume (LTV) ventilation has been advocated as a protective strategy against VILI. However, the effectiveness of limited driving pressure (plateau pressure minus positive end-expiratory pressure) remains unclear.

Immunogenicity, Effectiveness, and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines among Patients with Immune-Mediated Dermatological Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Immunocompromised individuals, primarily attributable to using immunosuppressants, face heightened COVID-19 risks. Despite the proven efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines, their impact on patients with immune-mediated dermatological diseases remains unclear. This study aims to thoroughly examine vaccine immunogenicity, effectiveness, and safety in immune-mediated dermatological disease patients.

"You can be cured, but cancer never leaves you behind": an interdisciplinary approach into the embodied cancer experiences among adult Colombian childhood/adolescent cancer survivors.

Purpose: Childhood or adolescent cancer survivors (CACS) are an understudied population in Colombia and, in general, in Central and South America. Worldwide, studies typically focus on high-income settings while approaching CACS' experiences from a biomedical or psychological perspective. However, both perspectives miss an important aspect of survivorship after childhood or adolescent cancer: the affected individual's subjective experiences of having a disabled body.