Clinical practice selectively follows acute appendicitis guidelines.

Introduction: Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency, and the standard approach to diagnosis and management has been codified in several practice guidelines. Adherence to these guidelines provides insight into independent surgical practice patterns and institutional resource constraints as impediments to best practice. We explored data from the recent ESTES SnapAppy observational cohort study to determine guideline compliance in contemporary practice to identify opportunities to close evidence-to-practice gaps.

Dermoscopic Features and Their Diagnostic Values Among Common Inflammatory and Infectious Dermatoses: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Dermoscopy is a non-invasive tool widely used to improve the diagnostic accuracy of general dermatological conditions.

Objective: To determine the dermoscopic features and their diagnostic value in distinguishing common inflammatory and infectious dermatoses.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients clinically diagnosed with common inflammatory or infectious skin diseases.

Ten-year prognostic value of coronary CT angiography in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes.

Introduction And Objectives: The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) risk score has limited value for predicting coronary artery disease (CAD) events. We investigated the additive value of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) on top of the UKPDS risk score in predicting 10-year adverse cardiac events in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We evaluated 589 asymptomatic diabetic patients without a history of CAD who underwent CCTA.

Six-month longitudinal immune kinetics after mRNA-1273 vaccination: Correlation of peak antibody response with long-term, cross-reactive immunity.

Background: The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants and the persistence of the pandemic, even with mass coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination, have raised questions about the durability of immunity and extent of cross-reactive immunity after vaccination. This study aimed to characterize the humoral and cellular immune response to the mRNA-1273 vaccine using a prospective longitudinal cohort.

Methods: We recruited 177 young SARS-CoV-2 infection-naive adults.

Techniques for mesoappendix transection and appendix resection: insights from the ESTES SnapAppy study.

Introduction: Surgically managed appendicitis exhibits great heterogeneity in techniques for mesoappendix transection and appendix amputation from its base. It is unclear whether a particular surgical technique provides outcome benefit or reduces complications.

Material And Methods: We undertook a pre-specified subgroup analysis of all patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy at index admission during SnapAppy (ClinicalTrials.

The efficacy of gait rehabilitations for the treatment of incomplete spinal cord injury: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Recent pieces of evidence about the efficacy of gait rehabilitation for incomplete spinal cord injury remain unclear. We aimed to estimate the treatment effect and find the best gait rehabilitation to regain velocity, distance, and Walking Index Spinal Cord Injury (WISCI) among incomplete spinal cord injury patients.

Method: PubMed and Scopus databases were searched from inception to October 2022.

A New Perspective to Longstanding Challenges with Outpatient Hyperkalemia: A Narrative Review.

Purpose Of Review: Outpatient hyperkalemia is a common problem with potentially deadly consequences. Potassium level thresholds to treat outpatient hyperkalemia are unstandardized and variable, leaving health care providers to rely on their own clinical judgment. This narrative review highlights the challenges of outpatient hyperkalemia management and includes recommendations for future studies that may standardize treatment, improve patient outcomes, and optimize health care utilization.

Effects of short-term quarantine on growth and development of children aged 1-36 months during the Omicron outbreak.

Consequences of epidemic quarantine on children's well-being are not clear and there are scarce data about the short-term impact of epidemic quarantine on children's growth and development. The study aimed to explore and analyze the potential impacts of the Omicron outbreak on children's growth and development during the lockdown in Shanghai, China. Totally, 4565 children aged 1-36 months who had a routine physical examination in the child health departments of hospitals before (June 1, 2021, to July 6, 2021) and after (June 1, 2022, to July 6, 2022) Shanghai's lockdown were included in this study.

Mental health and psychosocial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing measures among young adults in Bogotá, Colombia.

Unlabelled: We sought to explore mental health and psychosocial impact among young people (18 to 24 years old) in Bogotá during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We carried a cross sectional study using a web-based survey to assess mental health and personal impact among 18 to 24 years old living in Bogotá during the first 4 months of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. The depressive symptoms were measured with PHQ-8 and anxiety symptoms with (GAD-7).

Waning of humoral immunity depending on the types of COVID-19 vaccine.

Background: There are limited data on the rates of the waning of antibody levels after two-dose and booster vaccination according to the different platforms of COVID-19 vaccines.

Methods: We enrolled healthcare workers (HCWs) in a tertiary care hospital who received homologous two-dose vaccination, followed by a homologous or heterologous booster mRNA vaccine. SARS-CoV-2 S1-specific IgG was measured using ELISA.

Association of perinatal factors with suspected developmental delay in urban children aged 1-36 months - a large-scale cross-sectional study in China.

Background: Studies on perinatal risk factors and the developmental delay of children have been inconclusive and few studies have assessed the association between infants and toddlers' body mass index (BMI) and developmental outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of children aged 1-36 months who had a routine physical examination in the child health departments of hospitals from March 2018 to November 2021 in 16 provinces, 4 autonomous regions and 2 municipalities directly under the central government by using the Infant Toddler Growth Development Screening Test (ITGDST). Normal children were defined as those with scores ≥ mean - 2 standard deviations (SD), while children with developmental delay were those with scores < mean-2SD in terms of overall development, gross motor, fine motor and language development.

Pre-arrest comorbidity burden and the future risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Korean adults.

Objective: To investigate the impact of pre-arrest comorbidities on future out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) development using a nationwide dataset.

Methods: This population-based, matched case-control study used the national health insurance claims data relevant to OHCA in South Korea from January 2009 to December 2018. Case patients were randomly matched to controls by age, sex and date of cardiac arrest.

Applications of propensity score matching: a case series of articles published in Annals of Coloproctology.

Propensity score matching (PSM) is an increasingly applied method of ensuring comparability between groups of interest. However, PSM is often applied unconditionally, without precise considerations. The purpose of this study is to provide a nonmathematical guide for clinicians at the stage of designing a PSM-based study.

Efficacy of Mobile-Based Cognitive Training Program DoBrain in Preschool Children With or Without Developmental Disabilities: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Active-Controlled Trial.

Objective: Mobile-based cognitive training programs can be a viable alternative to in-person interventions, but their efficacies have not been established yet. In this study, we examined the efficacy of DoBrain, a mobile-based cognitive training program designed for children with developmental disabilities (DDs), in comparison with general educational apps named Junior Naver and Kakao Kids.

Methods: Children aged 34 to 77 months were recruited and randomized at a 1:1 ratio to use DoBrain or general educational apps.

Long-term outcomes of anti-thyroid drug treatment in childhood-onset Graves' disease.

Objective: Outcomes of childhood-onset Graves' disease (GD) and suggested duration of anti-thyroid drug (ATD) therapy have been controversial. This study aimed to determine long-term outcomes following ATD therapy, including remission and relapse rates.

Design, Patients And Measurements: A retrospective study of 265 paediatric patients with GD who were initially treated with ATD was conducted.

Rationale, Design, and the Baseline Characteristics of the RHDGen (The Genetics of Rheumatic Heart Disease) Network Study†.

Background: The genetics of rheumatic heart disease (RHDGen) Network was developed to assist the discovery and validation of genetic variations and biomarkers of risk for rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in continental Africans, as a part of the global fight to control and eradicate rheumatic fever/RHD. Thus, we describe the rationale and design of the RHDGen study, comprising participants from 8 African countries.

Methods: RHDGen screened potential participants using echocardiography, thereafter enrolling RHD cases and ethnically-matched controls for whom case characteristics were documented.

Diagnosis of intracranial lesions using accelerated 3D T1 MPRAGE with wave-CAIPI technique: comparison with conventional 3D T1 MPRAGE.

We aimed to evaluate the agreement in the diagnosis of intracranial lesions between conventional pre-contrast 3D T1 magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo (MPRAGE) and wave-CAIPI (wave-controlled aliasing in parallel imaging) MPRAGE. Institutional review board approval was obtained and informed consent was waived for this retrospective study. We included 149 consecutive patients who had undergone brain MR with both conventional MPRAGE (scan time: 5 min 42 s) and wave-CAIPI MPRAGE (scan time: 2 min 44 s) from February to June 2018.

Deep learning-based image reconstruction improves radiologic evaluation of pituitary axis and cavernous sinus invasion in pituitary adenoma.

Purpose: To compare performance of 1-mm deep learning reconstruction (DLR) with 3-mm routine MRI imaging for the delineation of pituitary axis and identification of cavernous sinus invasion for pituitary macroadenoma.

Method: This retrospective study included 104 patients (59.4 ± 13.

Diet and Nutrients Intakes during Infancy and Childhood in Relation to Early Puberty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The onset of puberty has become earlier over the decades, and nutrients and diet are related to the timing of puberty onset. Hence, we aimed to investigate the association between diet or nutrients in infancy, childhood and early puberty. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library were searched systematically up to 15 April 2022.

Comparison of Various Pharmacologic Agents in the Management of Hemodynamically Significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm: A Network Meta-Analysis and Risk-Benefit Analysis.

Introduction: Various pharmacological treatments are available for preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), but their risks and benefits are controversial. This study aimed to identify the best treatment for PDA using network meta-analysis (NMA) and risk-benefit assessment (RBA).

Methods: Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified from MEDLINE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library.

Long-term motor outcomes of deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus interna in Parkinson's disease patients: Five-year follow-up.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of globus pallidus interna (GPi) is an established treatment for advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). However, in contrast to subthalamic nucleus (STN)-DBS, long-term outcomes of GPi-DBS have rarely been studied.

Objective: We investigated the long-term motor outcomes in PD patients at 5 years after GPi-DBS.

Validity of Simple Self-Reported Periodontal Status Questions.

Objective: The aim of this research was to evaluate the validity of the questions developed by Thai periodontists on self-reported periodontal status and symptoms in identifying severe periodontitis amongst adults in Thailand.

Methods: Registered Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) employees completed medical examinations and full-mouth periodontal examinations. They also were interviewed using a self-reported questionnaire that was developed by Thai periodontists.