Risk of extrahepatic malignancies in patients with autoimmune hepatitis: a nationwide cohort study.

Introduction: Nationwide, population-based data on the risk of extrahepatic malignancy in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in Asian countries are scarce. This study aimed to examine the risk of developing extrahepatic malignancies in a nationwide cohort of patients with AIH.

Methods: Using claims data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, patients diagnosed with AIH between 2007 and 2019 (n=7,382) were matched in a 1:8 ratio with an age- and sex-matched control population (n=58,320).

Associations of clinical parameter-based accelerated aging, genetic predisposition with risk of chronic kidney disease and associated life expectancy: A prospective cohort study.

Little evidence exists regarding the associations between clinical parameter-based biological aging and the incidence and outcome of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Thus, we aimed to assess the associations between biological aging, genetic risk, and the risk of CKD, as well as investigate the impact of accelerated biological aging on life expectancy. 281,363 participants free of kidney diseases from the UK Biobank were included in this prospective study.

Simple prediction model for vitamin D deficiency in women with osteoporosis or risk factors for osteoporosis in Thailand.

Introduction: In Thailand, the assessment of vitamin D status by measuring 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D] levels in individuals at risk for osteoporosis is constrained by limited facilities and high costs. This study aimed to create a clinical model for predicting vitamin D deficiency in women with osteoporosis or risk factors for osteoporosis.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 490 women.

Social disconnectedness, subsequent medical conditions, and, the role of pre-existing mental disorders: a population-based cohort study.

Aims: Individuals with diminished social connections are at higher risk of mental disorders, dementia, circulatory conditions and musculoskeletal conditions. However, evidence is limited by a disease-specific focus and no systematic examination of sex differences or the role of pre-existing mental disorders.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study using data on social disconnectedness (loneliness, social isolation, low social support and a composite measure) from the 2013 and 2017 Danish National Health Survey linked with register data on 11 broad categories of medical conditions through 2021.

Socioeconomic position, psychiatric medical treatment and risk of breast cancer recurrence and mortality: A Danish population-based cohort study.

Background: Breast cancer patients with low socioeconomic position (SEP) have a higher risk of recurrence and mortality. We examined the extent to which prior psychiatric medication impacted this association.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study of premenopausal women diagnosed with breast cancer in Denmark from 2002 to 2011 (n = 5847), linking data from Denmark's nationwide population-based health registries on breast cancer diagnosis, treatment, psychiatric medication prescriptions and SEP indicators (marital status, cohabitation, income, education and employment).

From the 100 Day Mission to 100 lines of software development: how to improve early outbreak analytics.

Since the COVID-19 pandemic, considerable advances have been made to improve epidemic preparedness by accelerating diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccine development. However, we argue that it is crucial to make equivalent efforts in the field of outbreak analytics to help ensure reliable, evidence-based decision making. To explore the challenges and key priorities in the field of outbreak analytics, the Epiverse-TRACE initiative brought together a multidisciplinary group of experts, including field epidemiologists, data scientists, academics, and software engineers from public health institutions across multiple countries.

Clinical course and management of pediatric gastroduodenal perforation beyond neonatal period.

Background: The treatments and outcomes of pediatric gastroduodenal perforations have rarely been described.

Methods: We retrospectively identified 515 patients aged 28 days to 17 years who were hospitalized for gastroduodenal perforation between July 2010 and March 2021 using a nationwide inpatient database. We compared characteristics, treatments, and outcomes for pediatric gastroduodenal perforation between children aged <7 years (n = 38) and ≥7 years (n = 477).

Low-Gradient Severe Aortic Stenosis: Insights From the CURRENT AS Registry-2.

Background: Low-gradient (LG) aortic stenosis (AS) has not been fully characterized compared with high-gradient (HG) AS in terms of cardiac damage, frailty, aortic valve calcification, and clinical outcomes.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes between each hemodynamic type of LG AS and HG AS.

Methods: The current study included 3,363 patients in the CURRENT AS (Contemporary outcomes after sURgery and medical tREatmeNT in patients with severe Aortic Stenosis) Registry-2 after excluding patients without indexed stroke volume or left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) data.

Added Value of Shaking Chills for Predicting Bacteremia in Patients with Suspected Infection.

Background: Detailed grading of chills is more useful for diagnosing bacteremia than simply classifying the presence or absence of chills. However, its value added to other clinical information has not been evaluated.

Objective: To evaluate the value of adding chills grading to other clinical information compared to simply noting the presence or absence of chills for predicting bacteremia in patients with suspected infection.

Kidney Function, Kidney Function Decline, and the Risk of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: The Stockholm CREAtinine Measurements (SCREAM) Project.

Objective: Low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) increases the risk of arterial diseases, possibly including abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). This study explored the relationship between eGFR (2008 CKD-EPI equation), annual eGFR decline, and subsequent risk of developing AAA in a large, community based sample.

Methods: This was an observational study using complete healthcare records of Stockholm residents free from AAA who underwent routine creatinine testing during 2011 - 2021.

Comparison of Corneal Epitheliotrophic Factors of Undiluted Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma and Autologous Serum Eye Drops for Dry Eye Disease.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the growth factor concentrations in undiluted autologous platelet-rich plasma (APRP) and autologous serum (AS) eye drops.

Methods: This was a single-center, prospective trial conducted in a tertiary university hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. Ninety-six patients with moderate-to-severe dry eye disease, who were randomly assigned to receive either 100% APRP or 100% AS, were enrolled in the study.

Association of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Ratio with the Incidence of Sleep Apnea Syndrome.

Study Objectives: Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is potentially linked to life-threatening conditions. Decline in kidney function is involved in the development of various diseases; however, it remains unclear whether it is implicated in the onset of SAS. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between kidney function and the incidence of SAS.

Preserved motion perception and the density of cortical projections to V5 in homonymous hemianopia.

Following a unilateral post-chiasmal lesion of the geniculo-striate pathway, patients develop homonymous visual field defects. Using classical perimetry, patients with 'complete' homonymous hemianopia are unaware of stimuli in the affected hemifield. However, some show preserved vision in the affected hemifield in which the conscious perception of moving stimuli is preserved (Riddoch phenomenon).

The Relationship Between Beta-Blocker Use and Prognosis of Patients With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

Background:  Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) has a poor prognosis. Patients with shockable rhythms often have better outcomes than those with nonshockable rhythms. A previous study reported a decline in shockable rhythms and poorer outcomes with the use of beta-blockers before OHCA.

Self-Reported Time-at-Bedside and Its Association with In-Training Examination Scores of Residents in Japan.

Background: Time-at-bedside plays a central role in clinical medicine. However, the amount of time Japanese clinical residents spend at patients' bedsides remains unexplored.

Objective: To quantify time-at-bedside and examine its association with in-training examination scores during clinical residency in Japan.

Optimal Intravascular Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Multivessel Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease.

There is a scarcity of data on clinical outcomes after intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with multivessel disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The OPTIVUS-Complex PCI study multivessel cohort was a prospective multicenter single-arm trial enrolling 1015 patients who underwent multivessel IVUS-guided PCI including left anterior descending coronary artery target with an intention to meet the prespecified OPTIVUS criteria for optimal stent expansion. We compared the clinical outcomes between patients with and without CKD.

Myocardial infarction and short- or long-term risk of a subsequent cancer diagnosis: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Growing evidence suggests that myocardial infarction (MI) may be a marker of cancer risk, but many aspects of this relation are poorly understood. We therefore examined the short- and long-term risk of incident cancer in patients presenting with MI.

Methods: Using nationwide population-based Danish health registries, we identified all patients with a first-time diagnosis of MI (1995-2021) and followed them for up to 28 years for any subsequent diagnosis of cancer.

Proteomics for Biomarker Discovery in Gynecological Cancers: A Systematic Review.

The present study aims to summarize the current biomarker landscape in gynecological cancers (GCs) and incorporate bioinformatics analysis to highlight specific biological processes. The literature was retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Ovid Medline, and Cochrane Library. The final search was conducted on December 7, 2022.

Forecasting the value of innovation in total knee arthroplasty care: A headroom approach.

Purpose: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the standard treatment of end-stage osteoarthritis. TKA is often used and, therefore, poses a healthcare and societal burden, which is likely to increase further. Headroom analyses evaluate a technology under development by making assumptions about its effectiveness.

Fungal infection-related conditions and outcomes in severe COVID-19: a nationwide case-control study.

Background: Fungal infections are significant complications of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although various risk factors for poor outcomes in patients with COVID-19 have been identified, clinical and treatment factors associated with fungal infections in patients with severe COVID-19 remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate clinical factors associated with fungal infections during severe COVID-19 treatment.

Exploring the association of metabolic factors and chronic musculoskeletal pain over a period of 10 years - the Doetinchem Cohort Study.

Objective: To examine (a) the association between metabolic factors and chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP), (b) metabolic predictors of CMP 10 years later, and (c) the association and evolution of metabolic factors across different CMP trajectory groups.

Design: Data from the longitudinal Doetinchem Cohort Study were used. We used round 4 (2003-2007), with 4519 participants aged 36-75 years, as the baseline for the present study, with follow-up measurements in round 5 (2008-2012), and 6 (2013-2017), including self-reported pain and metabolic factors, which were measured either via self-report or physical assessment.

Impact of postpartum exercise on pelvic floor disorders and diastasis recti abdominis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To examine the effect of exercise during the first year postpartum on pelvic floor disorders and diastasis recti abdominis.

Design: Systematic review with random effects meta-analysis.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscuss, Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews (Ovid), Scopus, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials.

User Experience and Extended Technology Acceptance Model in Commercial Health Care App Usage Among Patients With Cancer: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: The shift in medical care toward prediction and prevention has led to the emergence of digital health care as a valuable tool for managing health issues. Aiding long-term follow-up care for cancer survivors and contributing to improved survival rates. However, potential barriers to mobile health usage, including age-related disparities and challenges in user retention for commercial health apps, highlight the need to assess the impact of patients' abilities and health status on the adoption of these interventions.