Stratification in health and survival after age 100: evidence from Danish centenarians.

Background: The existence of a super-select group of centenarians that demonstrates increased survivorship has been hypothesized. However, it is unknown if this super-select group possesses similar characteristics apart from extreme longevity.

Methods: In this study, we analyse high-quality health and survival data of Danish centenarians born in 1895, 1905 and 1910.

Combined Subcutaneous Fat Aspirate and Skin Tru-Cut Biopsy for Amyloid Screening in Patients with Suspected Systemic Amyloidosis.

Screening for systemic amyloidosis is typically carried out with abdominal fat aspirates with varying reported sensitivities. Fat aspirates are preferred for use in primary screening instead of organ biopsies as they are less invasive and thereby minimize the potential risk of complications. At Odense Amyloidosis Center, we performed a prospective study on whether the combined use of fat aspirate and tru-cut skin biopsy could increase the diagnostic sensitivity.

Neuroinflammation as a Common Denominator of Complex Diseases (Cancer, Diabetes Type 2, and Neuropsychiatric Disorders).

The term neuroinflammation refers to inflammation of the nervous tissue, in general, and in the central nervous system (CNS), in particular. It is a driver of neurotoxicity, it is detrimental, and implies that glial cell activation happens prior to neuronal degeneration and, possibly, even causes it. The inflammation-like glial responses may be initiated in response to a variety of cues such as infection, traumatic brain injury, toxic metabolites, or autoimmunity.

Acute Myocardial Injury in a Patient with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and History of Substance Abuse: A Multimodality Imaging Point of View.

Both cannabis and amphetamine are the most commonly used illegal substances worldwide and are associated with a number of adverse cardiovascular effects including transient coronary vasospasm. Here, we present the case of a 39-year-old male admitted to our institution with a 6-h history of severe chest pain and ST-segment elevation on the ECG. Coronary angiography on admission showed normal coronary arteries.

Management of Cancer-Associated Venous Thrombosis: A Nationwide Survey among Danish Oncologists.

 Treatment patterns for cancer-associated venous thrombosis (CAT) has been shown to be nonconsistent with contemporary guideline recommendations, resulting in poor patient outcomes.  The study aimed to describe contemporary CAT management in Danish oncology departments and identify knowledge gaps and inconsistencies between guidelines and clinical practice.  A survey questionnaire in Danish was developed based on contemporary national guidelines.

Basement membrane collagen IV deficiency promotes abdominal aortic aneurysm formation.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a complex disease which is incompletely accounted for. Basement membrane (BM) Collagen IV (COL4A1/A2) is abundant in the artery wall, and several lines of evidence indicate a protective role of baseline COL4A1/A2 in AAA development. Using Col4a1/a2 hemizygous knockout mice (Col4a1/a2, 129Svj background) we show that partial Col4a1/a2 deficiency augmented AAA formation.

Levetiracetam in lactation: How much is excreted into human breast milk?

Aims: In breastfeeding women, anti-epileptic therapy can lead to infant toxicities, even with newer anti-epileptic drugs such as levetiracetam. This study assessed levetiracetam breastmilk excretion and its correlation with the maternal oral dose and serum concentrations.

Methods: Women with epilepsy treated with levetiracetam were recruited to this study and completed a questionnaire.

Evidence for increased breakthrough rates of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in BNT162b2-mRNA-vaccinated individuals.

The BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine is highly effective against SARS-CoV-2. However, apprehension exists that variants of concern (VOCs) may evade vaccine protection, due to evidence of reduced neutralization of the VOCs B.1.

Organ failure, aetiology and 7-day all-cause mortality among acute adult patients on arrival to an emergency department: a hospital-based cohort study.

Background: Organ failure is both a frequent and dangerous condition among adult patients on arrival to an emergency department (ED). The risk of an unfavourable outcome could depend on the underlying aetiology. Knowledge of the relation between aetiology and prognosis could improve the risk stratification at arrival.

Early-life associations between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and serum lipids in a longitudinal birth cohort.

Background: Exposures to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) may affect metabolic outcomes, including lipid concentrations in the blood. However, few studies have evaluated potential associations between PFASs and lipids longitudinally.

Objectives: We estimated associations between PFAS and lipid concentrations at birth and at several points in childhood.

Exposure to metals and morbidity at eight years follow-up in women of childbearing age.

This exploratory study was aimed to investigate the link between toxic metal content in women's urine and their morbidity 2 years before and 6 years after the test. Concentrations of 25 metals in urine were analyzed for 111 pregnant women collected prior to delivery. All women were of Arab-Bedouin origin.

Apex Resection in Zebrafish () as a Model of Heart Regeneration: A Video-Assisted Guide.

Ischemic heart disease is one of the leading causes of deaths worldwide. A major hindrance to resolving this challenge lies in the mammalian hearts inability to regenerate after injury. In contrast, zebrafish retain a regenerative capacity of the heart throughout their lifetimes.

GnRH-Related Neurohormones in the Fruit Fly .

Genomic and phylogenetic analyses of various invertebrate phyla revealed the existence of genes that are evolutionarily related to the vertebrate's decapeptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and the GnRH receptor genes. Upon the characterization of these gene products, encoding peptides and putative receptors, GnRH-related peptides and their G-protein coupled receptors have been identified. These include the adipokinetic hormone (AKH) and corazonin (CRZ) in insects and their cognate receptors that pair to form bioactive signaling systems, which network with additional neurotransmitters/hormones (e.

Deep learning detects and visualizes bleeding events in electronic health records.

Background: Bleeding is associated with a significantly increased morbidity and mortality. Bleeding events are often described in the unstructured text of electronic health records, which makes them difficult to identify by manual inspection.

Objectives: To develop a deep learning model that detects and visualizes bleeding events in electronic health records.

Impaired fecundity as a marker of health and survival: a Danish twin cohort study.

Study Question: Is fecundity, measured as self-reported time to first pregnancy (TTP), a marker for subsequent health and survival?

Summary Answer: Long TTP was a marker for increased mortality among women and higher hospitalization rates for both women and men.

What Is Known Already: Poor semen quality has been linked to increased mortality and morbidity from a wide range of diseases. Associations among fecundity, health and survival among women are still uncertain and studies on actual measures of fecundity and health outcomes are rare.

Post-acute effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals not requiring hospital admission: a Danish population-based cohort study.

Background: Individuals admitted to hospital for COVID-19 might have persisting symptoms (so-called long COVID) and delayed complications after discharge. However, little is known regarding the risk for those not admitted to hospital. We therefore examined prescription drug and health-care use after SARS-CoV-2 infection not requiring hospital admission.

Small heat-shock protein HSPB3 promotes myogenesis by regulating the lamin B receptor.

One of the critical events that regulates muscle cell differentiation is the replacement of the lamin B receptor (LBR)-tether with the lamin A/C (LMNA)-tether to remodel transcription and induce differentiation-specific genes. Here, we report that localization and activity of the LBR-tether are crucially dependent on the muscle-specific chaperone HSPB3 and that depletion of HSPB3 prevents muscle cell differentiation. We further show that HSPB3 binds to LBR in the nucleoplasm and maintains it in a dynamic state, thus promoting the transcription of myogenic genes, including the genes to remodel the extracellular matrix.

Vitamin K Dependent Matrix Gla Protein Relating to Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Overall Mortality: A Combined Case Control and Cohort Study.

Objective: Inactivation of matrix Gla protein (MGP), using vitamin K antagonists or vitamin K deficiency results in increased vascular calcification, which has been associated with increased risk of symptomatic or ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Insufficient activation of MGP leads to increased levels of undercarboxylated forms of MGP, measured as a dephosphorylated, undercarboxylated MGP (dp-ucMGP) in plasma. This study aimed to investigate whether the level of inactivated MGP influenced the risk of having an AAA, the risk of AAA progression, and overall mortality.

Anti-TNF-α Compounds as a Treatment for Depression.

Millions of people around the world suffer from psychiatric illnesses, causing unbearable burden and immense distress to patients and their families. Accumulating evidence suggests that inflammation may contribute to the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders such as major depression and bipolar disorder. Copious studies have consistently shown that patients with mood disorders have increased levels of plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α.

Drug-drug interactions between vitamin K antagonists and statins: a systematic review.

Purpose: Concomitant use of vitamin K antagonists (VKA) and statins is frequent in cardiovascular patients. However, clinical guidelines on this drug combination are divergent. Therefore, we performed a systematic review to evaluate the effect of statin initiation on coagulation among VKA users.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and the risk of gout: A Danish population based cohort study and symmetry analysis.

Purpose: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2-I) are frequently used in type 2 diabetes and have recently been associated with lower rates of gout compared to glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA). Our objective was to assess the association between SGLT2-I initiation and gout using a cohort study design and a symmetry analysis.

Methods: Using the Danish nationwide health registries, we conducted an active comparator, new user cohort study comparing the 3-year risk of gout among SGLT2-I users with propensity score matched GLP1-RA users.

Pseudohyponatraemia caused by acute pancreatitis-derived hypertriglyceridaemia.

We report a case of pseudohyponatraemia due to severe hypertriglyceridaemia-induced acute pancreatitis, stemming from unknown diabetes. A woman in her late 30s was admitted to the local hospital by her general practitioner due to severe hyponatraemia (116 mmol/L) and upper abdominal pain. At admission to the hospital, there was a discrepancy of 19 mmol/L between arterial and venous sodium, along with severe hypertriglyceridaemia and hypercholesterolaemia.