Social Determinants of Health Factors for Gene-Environment COVID-19 Research: Challenges and Opportunities.

The characteristics of a person's health status are often guided by how they live, grow, learn, their genetics, as well as their access to health care. Yet, all too often, studies examining the relationship between social determinants of health (behavioral, sociocultural, and physical environmental factors), the role of demographics, and health outcomes poorly represent these relationships, leading to misinterpretations, limited study reproducibility, and datasets with limited representativeness and secondary research use capacity. This is a profound hurdle in what questions can or cannot be rigorously studied about COVID-19.

Factors affecting the yield of oxidants from the reaction of nanoparticulate zero-valent iron and oxygen.

The corrosion of zero-valent iron (Fe0(s)) by oxygen (O2) can lead to the oxidation of organic compounds. To gain insight into the reaction mechanism and to assess the nature of the oxidant, the oxidation of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, and benzoic acid by the reaction of nanoparticulate zero-valent iron (nZVI) or ferrous iron (Fe[II]) with O2 in the absence of ligands was studied. At pH values below 5, Fe0(s) nanoparticles were oxidized by O2 within 30 min with a stoichiometry of approximately two Fe0(s) oxidized per O2 consumed.