Glycan-Matchmade Multivalent Decoration of Enzyme Labels for Amplified Electrochemical Detection of Glycoproteins.

Glycoproteins are of significant value to liquid biopsy of human diseases. Herein, we present a universal electrochemical platform for the amplified detection of glycoproteins, taking advantage of the glycan-matchmade multivalent decoration of enzyme labels for the enzymatic signal amplification. Briefly, the glycan-matchmade multivalent decoration involves two steps, i.

Analyzing Pathophysiology and Immune Cells and Their Cytokines and Mediators in Precision-Cut Slices of the Murine Lung.

Understanding the dynamic pathophysiology of diseases in the lung, such as asthma and chronic asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung cancer, is crucial for the treatment, analysis, and outcome of these diseases. Unlike other traditional models, we suggest a protocol that is sustainable and reproducible and offers different analysis methods while maintaining in vivo lung architecture and immune dynamics. This protocol allows one to study the pathophysiological changes, including changes to the immune cells, cytokines, and mediators, in 30 precision-cut lung slices from a single murine lung.

A Natural Autophagy Activator Castanea crenata Flower Alleviates Skeletal Muscle Ageing.

Background: Sarcopenia, characterized by a gradual decline in skeletal muscle mass and function with age, significantly impacts both quality of life and mortality. Autophagy plays a crucial role in maintaining muscle health. There is growing interest in leveraging autophagy to mitigate muscle ageing effects.

Preclinical and First-In-Human Imaging of Novel [F]F-FAPI-FUSCC-07 Tracer: Comparative Prospective Study with [F]F-FAPI-42 and [F]F-FAPI-74.

This study aimed to develop and evaluate a novel fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-specific tracer, fluorine-18-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor-FUSCC-07 ([F]F-FAPI-FUSCC-07), for use in both preclinical and clinical settings. Preclinical evaluations were conducted to assess the stability and partition coefficient of [F]F-FAPI-FUSCC-07. Experiments involving human glioma U87MG cells demonstrated its cellular uptake and inhibitory properties.

Polarization-Independent High-Q Phase Gradient Metasurfaces.

Dielectric metasurfaces have emerged as an unprecedented platform for precise wavefront manipulation at subwavelength scales with nearly zero loss. When aiming at dynamic applications such as AR/VR and LiDAR, high-quality factor (high-Q) phase gradient metasurfaces have emerged as a way to boost weak light-material interactions in flat-optical components. However, resonant features are naturally tied to polarization, limiting devices to operating on a single polarization state, which reduces the efficiency and adaptability of wave-shaping.

Mixed-Bridging 2D Luminescent Coordination Polymer: Structure, Selective Sensing of Pollutants in Water, and Fabrication of Photoresponsive Electronic Device.

Pyrazine (tppz) and 5-sulfosalicylic acid (HSSA) mixed-bridging Cd(II)-CP, {[Cd(HSSA)(tppz)]} (), is highly luminescent, and the emission has been quenched selectively by Al in the presence of other cations, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 43.9 nM (1.18 ppb).

Phytic acid-based nanomedicine against mTOR represses lipogenesis and immune response for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis therapy.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases and is mainly caused by metabolic disorders and systemic inflammatory responses. Recent studies have indicated that the activation of the mammalian (or mechanistic) target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling participates in MASH progression by facilitating lipogenesis and regulating the immune microenvironment. Although several molecular medicines have been demonstrated to inhibit the phosphorylation or activation of mTOR, their poor specificity and side effects limit their clinical application in MASH treatment.

The deuterated glucose insulin tolerance test: a new tool to delineate insulin-stimulated glucose uptake from suppression of endogenous glucose production.

Graphical Abstract.

Ex vivo evaluation of blood coagulation on endothelial glycocalyx-inspired surfaces using thromboelastography.

Purpose: Present blood-contacting materials have not yet demonstrated to be effective in reducing blood coagulation without causing additional side effects clinically. We have developed an endothelial glycocalyx-inspired biomimetic surface that combines nanotopography, heparin presentation, and nitric oxide (NO)-releasing features. The resulting modified surfaces have already shown promise in reducing unfavorable blood-material interactions using platelet-rich plasma.

mA modification: a new avenue for anti-cancer therapy.

To date, over 170 different kinds of chemical modifications on RNAs have been identified, some of which are involved in multiple aspects of RNA fate, ranging from RNA processing, nuclear export, translation, and RNA decay. mA, also known as -methyladenosine, is a prominent internal RNA modification that is catalyzed primarily by the METTL3-METTL14-WTAP methyltransferase complex in higher eukaryotic mRNA and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA). In recent years, abnormal mA modification has been linked to the occurrence, development, progression, and prognosis of the majority of cancers.

The C-Alkene Triol Conundrum: Structural Characterization and Quantitation of Isoprene-Derived CHO Reactive Uptake Products.

2-Methyltetrols and CHO compounds, referred to as "C-alkene triols," are chemical tracers used to estimate isoprene-derived epoxydiol (IEPOX) contributions to atmospheric PM. For nearly two decades, "C-alkene triol" molecular structures and PM mass contributions remain uncertain, and their origin as analytical artifacts is unclear. Thus, we synthesized CHO reactive uptake product candidates (3-methyltetrahydrofuran-2,4-diol and 3-methylenebutane-1,2,4-triol) and investigated their behavior under conventional gas chromatography/electron impact-mass spectrometry (GC/EI-MS) with prior trimethylsilylation and, in parallel, by non-destructive hydrophilic-interaction liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization interfaced to high-resolution quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HILIC/ESI-HR-QTOFMS).

identification through bronchoscope in intensive care unit - a retrospective, databased cohort study.

Introduction: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) increases the risk of mortality of critically ill patients. Diagnostic criteria specifically targeting patients in intensive care units(ICUs) have been developed to improve diagnostic sensitivity. This study investigated health outcomes among patients in ICUs with Aspergillus isolates identified using bronchoscopy.

Analysis and validation of serum biomarkers in brucellosis patients through proteomics and bioinformatics.

Introduction: This study aims to utilize proteomics, bioinformatics, and machine learning algorithms to identify diagnostic biomarkers in the serum of patients with acute and chronic brucellosis.

Methods: Proteomic analysis was conducted on serum samples from patients with acute and chronic brucellosis, as well as from healthy controls. Differential expression analysis was performed to identify proteins with altered expression, while Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was applied to detect co-expression modules associated with clinical features of brucellosis.

Fecal propionate is a signature of insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: To investigate the roles of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods: The levels of SCFAs (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) in 83 patients with PCOS and 63 controls were measured, and their relationships with various metabolic parameters were analyzed. Intestinal microbiome analysis was conducted to identify relevant bacteria.

Biological function of d-tryptophan: a bibliometric analysis and review.

Background: d-Tryptophan is recognised for its unique physiological properties. In this study, we aimed to explore the dynamic trends and emerging topics in d-tryptophan research to offer fresh perspectives for future studies.

Methods: Employing bibliometric analysis, we examined the literature on d-tryptophan indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection from January 1987 to December 2023.

Characterization of the oxygen-tolerant formate dehydrogenase from .

Fixation of CO into the organic compound formate by formate dehydrogenases (FDHs) is regarded as the oldest autotrophic process on Earth. It has been proposed that an FDH-dependent CO fixation module could support CO assimilation even in photoautotrophic organisms. In the present study, we characterized FDH from (FDH) due to its ability to reduce CO under aerobic conditions.

Expert insights on Hodgkin's lymphoma development in an activated PI3K delta syndrome patient undergoing leniolisib treatment.

Activated PI3K delta syndrome (APDS) is a primary immunodeficiency that is caused by mutations in the PI3K signalling pathway resulting in either gain-of-function or loss-of-function phenotypes of APDS 1 and 2. Malignancy is one of the most serious complications associated with APDS patients, with the most commonly occurring of these being lymphoma, and is the most common cause of death in APDS patients. Management of APDS is complex and variable due to the heterogeneous nature of the disease and ranges from antimicrobial and immunosuppressant agents to haematopoetic stem cell transplantation.

The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as a marker for pulmonary fibrosis in diffuse parenchymal lung diseases.

Introduction: Diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLD) cover heterogeneous types of lung disorders. Among many pathological phenotypes, pulmonary fibrosis is the most devastating and represents a characteristic sign of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Despite a poor prognosis brought by pulmonary fibrosis, there are no specific diagnostic biomarkers for the initial development of this fatal condition.

Targeted intra-tumoral hyperthermia using uniquely biocompatible gold nanorods induces strong immunogenic cell death in two immunogenically 'cold' tumor models.

Introduction: Hyperthermia is an established adjunct in multimodal cancer treatments, with mechanisms including cell death, immune modulation, and vascular changes. Traditional hyperthermia applications are resource-intensive and often associated with patient morbidity, limiting their clinical accessibility. Gold nanorods (GNRs) offer a precise, minimally invasive alternative by leveraging near-infrared (NIR) light to deliver targeted hyperthermia therapy (THT).

Proteomics and transcriptomics combined reveal specific immunological markers in autoimmune thyroid disease.

Objective: The pathogenesis of AITD remains unclear to date. This study employs a combination of proteomics and transcriptomics analysis to identify and validate specific immune response markers in patients with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, thereby providing a scientific basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of AITD.

Methods: By collecting serum and whole blood tissue samples from patients with hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and healthy controls, this study utilizes a combination of transcriptomics and proteomics to analyze changes in immune-related signaling molecules in patients.

CompSafeNano project: NanoInformatics approaches for safe-by-design nanomaterials.

The CompSafeNano project, a Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (RISE) project funded under the European Union's Horizon 2020 program, aims to advance the safety and innovation potential of nanomaterials (NMs) by integrating cutting-edge nanoinformatics, computational modelling, and predictive toxicology to enable design of safer NMs at the earliest stage of materials development. The project leverages Safe-by-Design (SbD) principles to ensure the development of inherently safer NMs, enhancing both regulatory compliance and international collaboration. By building on established nanoinformatics frameworks, such as those developed in the H2020-funded projects NanoSolveIT and NanoCommons, CompSafeNano addresses critical challenges in nanosafety through development and integration of innovative methodologies, including advanced models, approaches including machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven predictive models and 1st-principles computational modelling of NMs properties, interactions and effects on living systems.

Therapeutic exploration potential of adenosine receptor antagonists through pharmacophore ligand-based modelling and pharmacokinetics studies against Parkinson disease.

Unlabelled: Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects persons aged 65 and older. It leads to a decline in motor function as a result of the buildup of abnormal protein deposits called Lewy bodies in the brain. Existing therapies exhibit restricted effectiveness and undesirable side effects.

Investigation of compounds as ERK5 inhibitor related to breast cancer via molecular docking and dynamic simulation.

Unlabelled: Breast cancer remains a global health challenge, with rising cases predicted in the coming decades. The complexity of breast cancer treatment arises from its complex nature, often involving multiple therapeutic strategies. One promising approach is targeting the ERK5 pathway, a key regulator in cancer cell proliferation and survival.