Molecular and biological characteristics of two rare bloodstream Candida isolates: Candida nonsorbophila and Candida sonorensis.

Background: The incidence of new infections caused by rare Candida species has been steadily increasing, particularly in immunocompromised patients. This study investigates two rare Candida species responsible for Candida bloodstream infections and explores their molecular characteristics.

Methods: Clinical Candida strains were continuously isolated from the lower respiratory tract and blood specimens of a patient.

Advancements in the application of artificial intelligence in the field of colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignant tumor in the digestive system. As reported in the 2020 global cancer statistics, CRC accounted for more than 1.9 million new cases and 935,000 deaths, making it the third most common cancer worldwide in terms of incidence and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally.

Causal inference of inflammatory proteins in infertility: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Infertility affects 8-12% of couples globally, manifesting as a complex reproductive disorder with varied causes, negatively impacting emotional, physical, and social well-being. Inflammation is implicated in many diseases, including male and female infertility.

Methods: This study employed Mendelian randomization (MR) with two-sample, bidirectional, and mediation approaches to explore the relationship between circulating inflammatory proteins and infertility.

Circulating tumor DNA in lymphoma: technologies and applications.

Lymphoma, a malignant tumor derived from lymphocytes and lymphoid tissues, presents with complex and heterogeneous clinical manifestations, requiring accurate patient classification for appropriate treatment. While invasive pathological examination of lymph nodes or lymphoid tissue remains the gold standard for lymphoma diagnosis, its utility is limited in cases of deep-seated tumors such as intraperitoneal and central nervous system lymphomas. In addition, biopsy procedures carry an inherent risk of complications.

Clinical Outcomes of Hypertonic Saline vs Mannitol Treatment Among Children With Traumatic Brain Injury.

Importance: The use of hypertonic saline (HTS) vs mannitol in the control of elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) secondary to neurotrauma is debated.

Objective: To compare mortality and functional outcomes of treatment with 3% HTS vs 20% mannitol among children with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) at risk of elevated ICP.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective, multicenter cohort study was conducted between June 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022, at 28 participating pediatric intensive care units in the Pediatric Acute and Critical Care Medicine in Asia Network (PACCMAN) and the Red Colaborativa Pediátrica de Latinoamérica (LARed) in Asia, Latin America, and Europe.

The effects of intermittent fasting on anthropometric indices, glycemic profile, chemotherapy-related toxicity, and subjective perception in gynecological and breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Mounting evidence supports the health benefits of intermittent fasting (IF) in general. This study evaluates its impact on patients with gynecological or breast cancer specifically.

Methods: A thorough search for studies comparing IF with either nonintervention diets or calorie restriction (CR) in patients with either gynecological or breast cancer and published prior to October 5, 2024 was carried out on the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Chinese Biomedical Literature databases (CBM).

Association between inflammatory score, healthy lifestyle, and cardiovascular disease: a national cohort study.

Background: The inflammation score is currently regarded as a reliable composite index for comprehensive assessment of inflammatory status. However, the relationship between inflammation score and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is unclear. Thus, we aimed to explore the association of inflammatory score with CVD, as well as to evaluate whether adhering to a healthy lifestyle could alleviate this association.

The Dynamic Changes in Maternal Thyroid Parameters Across the Three Trimesters and Their Differential Effects on the Occurrence of Adverse Obstetric Outcomes.

Objective: Thyroid parameters undergo significant dynamic changes during pregnancy. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the impact of abnormal thyroid parameters in each trimester on the incidence of common adverse obstetric outcomes.

Methods: Blood samples drawn for thyroid parameters in each trimester during the antenatal period were determined after the participants gave birth.

Assessments of lung nodules by an artificial intelligence chatbot using longitudinal CT images.

Large language models have shown efficacy across multiple medical tasks. However, their value in the assessment of longitudinal follow-up computed tomography (CT) images of patients with lung nodules is unclear. In this study, we evaluate the ability of the latest generative pre-trained transformer (GPT)-4o model to assess changes in malignancy probability, size, and features of lung nodules on longitudinal CT scans from 647 patients (547 from two local centers and 100 from a public dataset).

Correlation Between Fecal Microbiota and Corticosteroid Responsiveness in Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia: an Exploratory Study.

Corticosteroids (CSs) are the initial therapy for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP); however, their efficacy is not adequately predicted. As a novel biomarker, the composition of the gut microbiota is non-invasively tested and altered in patients with ITP. This study aims to develop a predictive model that leverages gut microbiome data to predict the CS response in patients with ITP within the initial four weeks of treatment.

[Obstetrical disseminated intravascular coagulation: a case report and literature review].

To report a case of obstetrical disseminated intravascular coagulation and discuss the treatment strategy of such cases. The clinical data and treatment process of the patient with cardiac arrest and disseminated intravascular coagulation after amniotic fluid embolism was analyzed, and the related literature was reviewed. Female, 36 years old, primigravida, was admitted to the hospital for delivery because of "amenorrhea for more than 9 months, lower abdominal pain for 14 hours with a small amount of vaginal bleeding for 2 hours", amniotic fluid embolism occurred after delivery, then cardiac arrest and DIC happened, which led to a large amount of blood loss, through the treatment methods of active circulatory and respiratory support, surgical interventions for two times, transfusion of erythrocytes, plasma, and cold precipitation, fibrinogen and other blood product for substitution, and early antifibrinolytic, the patient's life was successfully saved without irreversible organ function damage.

Bibliometric and Bioinformatics Analysis of Renal Impairment in Multiple Myeloma: Trends and Research Hotspots, and Associated Genetic Pathways (2000-2023).

Objective: This study aims to perform a bibliometric visual analysis and bioinformatics analysis to explore the research hotspots and trends of renal impairment in multiple myeloma, including the associated genes and signal pathways over the past two decades.

Methods: The Web of Science Core Collection database was utilized as the data source to retrieve literature on renal impairment in multiple myeloma from 2000 to 2023. The selected literature was analyzed using bibliometric and bioinformatics software, including Bibliometrix, VOSviewer 1.

The role of oxidative stress-mediated fibro-adipogenic progenitor senescence in skeletal muscle regeneration and repair.

Background: Stem cells play a pivotal role in tissue regeneration and repair. Skeletal muscle comprises two main stem cells: muscle stem cells (MuSCs) and fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs). FAPs are essential for maintaining the regenerative milieu of muscle tissue and modulating the activation of muscle satellite cells.

[Serological and Molecular Biological Characteristics of AB Blood Group and Transfusion Strategies].

Objective: To analyze the serological and molecular biological characteristics of 5 patients with AB blood group, and to explore the safe transfusion strategy.

Methods: Serological identification of the samples' blood group was performed using anti-A, anti-B, anti-D, anti-A1, anti-H typing reagents and ABO reagent erythrocytes. Molecular biological identification of the samples' blood group was performed using PCR-SSP or gene sequencing.

A comprehensive metabolomic and lipidomic study of olanzapine in the treatment of first-episode schizophrenia.

Background: Despite advances in research, critical gaps remain in understanding the molecular mechanisms of antipsychotic medications such as olanzapine. This study investigated the molecular pathways by which olanzapine exerts its therapeutic effects and causes metabolic side effects by analyzing changes in the serum metabolic and lipid profiles of patients with first-episode schizophrenia.

Methods: Clinical symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) in 43 patients with first-episode schizophrenia.

An open-label, single-arm, multicenter, phase II trial of bireociclib as monotherapy for heavily pretreated HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer patients: BRIGHT-1 trial.

Background: Bireociclib (XZP-3287) is a novel selective cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor, with a favorable safety profile demonstrated in preclinical and phase I studies. BRIGHT-1 aimed to further explore the efficacy and safety of bireociclib monotherapy in patients with locally advanced, recurrent or metastatic, hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR/HER2) breast cancer who had progressed on or after prior chemotherapy and endocrine therapy in advanced settings, without previous exposure to CDK4/6 inhibitors.

Methods: In this open-label phase II trial, eligible patients received bireociclib 480 mg twice daily (BID) until disease progression or intolerable toxicities.

Applied theory of planned behavior to explore associated factor of physical activity level among Chinese childhood cancer survivors.

Objective: Low physical activity (PA) levels are common among childhood cancer survivors (CCS) and have a serious negative impact on their physical recovery and long-term health. This study aimed to explore the factors that contribute to low levels of PA from the perspective of children themselves and how these factors affect their PA.

Methods: In this cross-sectional survey, CCS were recruited by purposive sampling from several children's medical centers nationwide.

Comparison of drug-coated balloon with bare-metal stent in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: the AcoArt sICAS randomized clinical trial.

Background: Restenosis after stenting with a standard bare-metal stent (BMS) is the main cause of stroke recurrence for symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (sICAS). Whether a drug-coated balloon (DCB) could reduce the risk of restenosis for such patients is unknown. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of DCB in reducing 6 month restenosis in patients with sICAS.

Protein Drug Targets for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Proteomic Associations Between Modifiable Risk Factors and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm.

Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a severe aortic disease for which no pharmacological interventions have yet been developed. This investigation focused on identifying protein-based therapeutic targets and assessing how proteins mediate the interplay between modifiable risk factors and AAA development.

Methods: Causal inferences between plasma proteins and AAA were drawn using 2-sample Mendelian randomization, followed by comprehensive sensitivity testing, colocalization, and replication efforts.

A Narrative Review: Relationship Between Glycemic Variability and Emerging Complications of Diabetes Mellitus.

A growing body of evidence emphasizes the role of glycemic variability (GV) in the development of conventional diabetes-related complications. Furthermore, advancements in diabetes management and increased life expectancy have led to the emergence of new complications, such as cancer, liver disease, fractures, infections, and cognitive dysfunction. GV is considered to exacerbate oxidative stress and inflammation, acting as a major mechanism underlying these complications.

Primary subdural lymphoma mimicking chronic subdural hematoma: a case report and a narrative review of some recent similar cases in the literature.

Background: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common condition in elderly patients, typically diagnosed through neuroimaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cases of subdural lymphoma mimicking chronic subdural hematoma are exceedingly rare and present significant diagnostic challenges for emergency physicians.

Case Presentation: A 71-year-old female patient with subdural lymphoma was initially diagnosed with CSDH based on her medical history, clinical presentation, and neuroimaging findings.

Nanoodor Particles Deliver Drugs to Central Nervous System via Olfactory Pathway.

Central nervous system (CNS) disorders confront significant challenges in drug delivery due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Inspired by the rapid and precise binding of odor molecules to olfactory receptors (ORs), this research uses thiolated HPMA to construct odor nanoparticles (nanoodors) capable of delivering drugs to the CNS via the olfacto-cerebral pathway to overcome the delivery obstruction. The nanoodor core is used to encapsulate agomelatine (AGO), a CNS-targeting antidepressant, and the encapsulation efficiency exceeded 80%.

The Bromodomain and Extraterminal Protein Inhibitor Apabetalone Ameliorates Kidney Injury in Diabetes by Regulating Cholesterol Accumulation and Modulating the Gut Microbiota.

Introduction: A US Food and Drug Administration-approved new bromodomain (BRD) and extraterminal (BET) bromine domain antagonist called apabetalone, which targets BRD4, has been shown to increase prebeta-1 high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, enhance apolipoprotein A-I in both humans and animals, and restore angiogenesis in experimental diabetes. Its action is not however fully known mechanistically. The objective of our research was to investigate the impact of apabetalone on renal damage linked to diabetic kidney disease (DKD).

Mannose Inhibits NSCLC Growth and Inflammatory Microenvironment by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Targeting OGT/hnRNP R/JUN/IL-8 Axis.

Recent studies have reported direct antitumor effects of mannose, a natural six-carbon monosaccharide, in the treatment of cancer. Herein, we utilized cancer cell lines, animal models, organoids and experimental techniques such as multi-omics and cellular experiments to investigate the regulatory effects of mannose on NSCLC growth and the inflammatory microenvironment. We demonstrated that mannose can inhibit cancer cell growth, inflammatory cell infiltration and inflammatory cytokine expression in NSCLC tissue, and enhance the antitumor efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor both and .