Assessing Lifestyle in a Large Cohort of Undergraduate Students: Significance of Stress, Exercise and Nutrition.

Background/objectives: Lifestyle (in particular, nutrition and exercise) determines present and future youths' health. The goal of the present study was to identify specific student groups who deserve precise lifestyle improvement interventions, tailored to their characteristics.

Methods: An anonymous web-based questionnaire to assess lifestyle was posted on the websites of two main Italian Academic Institutions, and 9423 students voluntarily participated.

Regional Variations in the Incidence of Lichen Sclerosus in Sweden: Insights from a Nationwide Register Study (2001-2021).

: Lichen Sclerosus (LSc) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition predominantly affecting the anogenital regions, with a well-recognised potential for malignancy. This study examines the incidence, demographic characteristics, and regional distribution of LSc in Sweden over a 20-year period. The analysis is based on data from the Swedish National Patient Register (NPR), with a focus on cases diagnosed in specialist care settings.

A STEMI Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock Due to Simultaneous Acute Thrombosis of Two Coronary Vessels in the 'Deadly Double Infarct Syndrome': A Case Report and Discussion of Literature.

: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, primarily caused by acute thrombosis over atherosclerotic plaques. Simultaneous acute thrombosis in two coronary arteries is an exceptionally rare event. This report highlights a unique case of STEMI associated with cardiogenic shock due to dual coronary artery thrombosis and provides insights from a literature review on this rare condition.

Patterns of C1-Inhibitor Plasma Levels and Kinin-Kallikrein System Activation in Relation to COVID-19 Severity.

Background: Although more than four years have passed since the pandemic began, SARS-CoV-2 continues to be of concern. Therefore, research into the underlying mechanisms that contribute to the development of the disease, especially in more severe forms, remains a priority. Sustained activation of the complement (CS), contact (CAS), and fibrinolytic and kinin-kallikrein systems (KKS) has been shown to play a central role in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in the General Population Under Stressful Conditions: Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic.

: The COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on mental health in the general population. The fear, stress, and uncertainty surrounding that traumatic period could have contributed to the aggravation or possible new onset of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The COvid Mental hEalth Trial (COMET) is a nationwide project organized by the University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", designed as an observational investigation that aimed to gather data from a representative sample of the Italian general population.

Oncological resection and perioperative outcomes of robotic, laparoscopic and open pancreatoduodenectomy for ampullary adenocarcinoma: a propensity score matched international multicenter cohort study.

Background: Ampullary adenocarcinoma (AAC) typically presents at an early stage due to biliary obstruction and therefore might be specifically suitable for minimally invasive pancreatoduodenectomy (MIPD). However, studies assessing MIPD specifically for AAC, including the robotic and laparoscopic approach, are limited. The aim of this study is to compare short- and long-term oncological resection and perioperative outcomes of robotic (RPD), laparoscopic (LPD) and open pancreatoduodenectomy (OPD) performed specifically for AAC.

Mental health and well-being in adolescent and young adult refugees in Sweden: A cross-sectional study of accompanied and unaccompanied individuals.

Background: Currently, approximately 100 million people are displaced worldwide, including children and young adults. Previous studies showed exposure to violence and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are common in this sub-population. However, we still lack comprehensive data on well-being, mental health, and the ability to function.

Comprehensive Non-invasive Versus Invasive Approach to Evaluate Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy in Heart Transplantation: The CCTA-HTx Study.

Background: Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is emerging as a valuable tool for noninvasive surveillance of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) in patients with heart transplant (HTx). We assessed the diagnostic performance of a comprehensive CCTA-based approach compared with the invasive reference, which includes invasive coronary angiography, intravascular ultrasound, and fractional flow reserve, for detecting CAV.

Methods: This was a multicenter prospective study including 37 patients with HTx who underwent CCTA, invasive coronary angiography, intravascular ultrasound, and fractional flow reserve.

Associations of time spent on different types of digital media with self-rated general and mental health in Swedish adolescents.

Although previous studies have suggested an association between digital media use and health, detailed knowledge about how different types of digital media impact adolescent health is limited. This cross-sectional population-based study explored the relationship between time spent on various digital media and adolescents' self-rated general and mental health. The study included 3566 Swedish high school students aged 16-17 years.

Prognostic factors for overall survival in elderly patients with glioblastoma: Analysis of the pooled NOA-08 and Nordic trials with the CCTG-EORTC (CE.6) trial.

Background: The majority of patients diagnosed with glioblastoma are >60 years. Three randomized trials addressed the roles of radiotherapy (RT) and temozolomide (TMZ) for elderly patients. NORDIC and NOA-08 compared RT versus TMZ, while CE.

Development of point-of-care tests for urinary bladder cancer - an historic review and view to future prospectives.

Urine is an attractive biospecimen for noninvasive tests to facilitate bladder tumor diagnostics. Three different point-of-care (POC) tests based on lateral flow immunoassays (LFAs) are currently commercially available: UBC® Rapid Test, BTA stat®, and NMP22 BladderChek. The present review discusses these different tests based on their performance, clinical utility and the nature of the respective analytes.

Systemic Diseases in Patients with Congenital Aniridia: A Report from the Homburg Registry for Congenital Aniridia.

Introduction: Congenital aniridia is increasingly recognized as part of a complex syndrome with numerous ocular developmental anomalies and non-ocular systemic manifestations. This requires comprehensive care and treatment of affected patients. Our purpose was to analyze systemic diseases in patients with congenital aniridia within the Homburg Aniridia Registry.

Monocyte-cancer cell fusion is mediated by phosphatidylserine-CD36 receptor interaction and induced by ionizing radiation.

Emerging evidence suggests that fusion of cancer cells with leucocytes, such as macrophages, plays a significant role in cancer metastasis and results in tumor hybrid cells that acquire resistance to chemo- and radiation therapy. However, the precise mechanisms behind the leukocyte-cancer cell fusion remain unclear. The present in vitro study explores the presence of fusion between the monocyte cell line (THP-1) and the breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) in relation to the expression of CD36 and phosphatidylserine with and without treatment of these cells with ionizing radiation.

Topical Steroid Withdrawal in Atopic Dermatitis: Patient-reported Characterization from a Swedish Social Media Questionnaire.

Topical steroid withdrawal (TSW) is described as an adverse reaction to topical glucocorticoids (TGCs). A pathophysiological mechanism has not been identified. There are no diagnostic criteria.

International multicenter validation of AI-driven ultrasound detection of ovarian cancer.

Ovarian lesions are common and often incidentally detected. A critical shortage of expert ultrasound examiners has raised concerns of unnecessary interventions and delayed cancer diagnoses. Deep learning has shown promising results in the detection of ovarian cancer in ultrasound images; however, external validation is lacking.

Unraveling the mechanism of microRNA-134 in colon cancer progression: Targeting KRAS and PIK3CA for cell cycle control and histone deacetylase regulation.

Colon cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression, often dysregulated in colon cancer. This study aims to elucidate the therapeutic role of miR-134-5p as a tumor suppressor miRNA in colon cancer cells.

Difficult-to-treat psoriatic arthritis: refining the definition using a statistical model in a real-life cohort.

Objectives: The study aims to evaluate the applicability of the D2T psoriatic arthritis (PsA) definition, adapted from rheumatoid arthritis, within a single-center observational cohort of PsA patients treated with b/tsDMARDs. In addition, we aimed to establish a numerical index defining D2T-PsA based on the ratio of observed to expected failed b/tsDMARDs and to develop a predictive model identifying features associated with the D2T condition.

Methods: The study included 267 consecutive adult PsA patients receiving b/tsDMARDs, collecting demographic, clinical, and clinimetric data.

Early midlife ovarian removal is associated with lower posterior hippocampal function.

Introduction: Women with early bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) have greater Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk than women with spontaneous menopause (SM), but the pathway toward this risk is understudied. Considering associative memory deficits may reflect early signs of AD, we studied how BSO affected brain activity underlying associative memory.

Methods: Early midlife women with BSO (with and without 17β-estradiol therapy [ET]) and age-matched controls (AMCs) with intact ovaries completed a face-name associative memory task during functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Evaluation of Internal Fit in Custom-Made Posts and Cores Fabricated with Fully Digital Versus Conventional Techniques.

Objective: This study aimed to assess and compare the internal fit of custom-made posts and cores fabricated using digital impressions (DI) and conventional vinyl polysiloxane (VPS) impressions in restorative dentistry.

Materials And Methods: A typodont tooth model, simulating the anatomy of the root canal of a central incisor, was utilized for the study. Two groups were formed, Group A and Group B, and each group provided a total of 18 impressions of two types: DIs and VPS impressions.

NAT2 Slow Acetylator Phenotype as a Significant Risk Factor for Hepatotoxicity Caused by Antituberculosis Drugs: Results From a Multiethnic Nested Case-Control Study.

Background: Under standard therapies, the incidence of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in patients with tuberculosis ranges from 2% to 28%. Numerous studies have identified the risk factors for antituberculosis DILI; however, none have been conducted in a multiethnic real-world setting. The primary outcome of the current study was to identify the risk factors that could be used as the best predictors of DILI in a multiethnic cohort.

Two-fold increased risk of cardiovascular events in people with MDR HIV: a matched cohort analysis with data from the PRESTIGIO registry.

Background: Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) may contribute to the high morbidity in people with four-class drug-resistant HIV (4DR-PWH).

Objectives: To explore the probability of MACEs in 4DR-PWH compared with non-4DR controls.

Methods: This was a retrospective, propensity score-matched cohort study on 4DR-PWH (cases) and non-4DR-PWH (controls), on ART, without previous MACEs.

Efficient Seeding of Cerebral Vascular Aβ-Amyloidosis by Recombinant AβM1-42 Amyloid Fibrils.

Aβ-amyloid plaques and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) in the brain are pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia. The spreading of Aβ amyloidosis in the brain appears to be mediated by a seeding mechanism, where preformed fibrils (called seeds) accelerate Aβ fibril formation by bypassing the rate-determining nucleation step. Several studies have demonstrated that Aβ amyloidosis can be induced in transgenic mice, producing human Aβ, by injecting Aβ-rich brain extracts (seeds) derived from transgenic mice and human AD brains.

Comparison of qPCR protocols for quantification of "Candidatus Saccharibacteria", belonging to the Candidate Phyla Radiation, suggests that 23S rRNA is a better target than 16S rRNA.

Background: Candidate Phyla Radiation (CPR) is a large monophyletic group encompassing about 25% of bacterial diversity. Among CPR, "Candidatus Saccharibacteria" is one of the most clinically relevant phyla. Indeed, it is enriched in the oral microbiota of subjects suffering from immune-mediated disorders and it has been found to have immunomodulatory activities.