pmiRScan: a LightGBM based method for prediction of animal pre-miRNAs.

MicroRNAs (miRNA) are categorized as short endogenous non-coding RNAs, which have a significant role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Identifying new animal precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA) and miRNA is crucial to understand the role of miRNAs in various biological processes including the development of diseases. The present study focuses on the development of a Light Gradient Boost (LGB) based method for the classification of animal pre-miRNAs using various sequence and secondary structural features.

Phytochemical and Antioxidant Analysis of Bioactive Compound Extract from Nelumbo nucifera against Cancer Proteins: In Silico Spectroscopic Approach.

Nelumbo nucifera, an aquatic crop cultivated throughout Asian countries, belongs to the Nelumbonaceae family and has been widely used in traditional medicines with key pharmacological activities such as anti-viral, antipyretic, antioxidant, anti-steroid, anti-inflammatory, anti-arrhythmia, anti-obesity, and anti-aging properties. The present study aims to explore and assess the phytochemical composition, GC-MS profiling, antioxidant efficacy, and the major phytoconstituent phytol subjected to theoretical spectroscopic characterization using the DFT method. The phytochemical profiling of N.

Characterization and functional analysis of type III polyketide synthases in Selaginella moellendorffii.

The evolutionary conservation of type III polyketide synthases (PKS) in Selaginella has been elucidated, and the critical amino acid residues of the anther-specific chalcone synthase-like enzyme (SmASCL) have been identified. Selaginella species are the oldest known vascular plants and a valuable resource for the study of metabolic evolution in land plants. Polyketides, especially flavonoids and sporopollenin precursors, are essential prerequisites for plant land colonization.

Neuroplasticity in Diffuse Low-grade Gliomas: Backward Modelling of Brain-tumor Interactions Prior to Diagnosis is Needed to Better Predict Recovery after Treatment.

Purpose Of Review: In low-grade glioma (LGG), besides the patient's neurological status and tumor characteristics on neuroimaging, current treatment guidelines mainly rely on the glioma's genetics at diagnosis to define therapeutic strategy, usually starting with surgical resection. However, this snapshot in time does not take into account the antecedent period of tumor progression and its interactions with the brain before presentation. This article reviews new concepts that pertain to reconstruct the history of previous interplay between the LGG's course and adaptive changes in the connectome within which the glioma is embedded over the years preceding the diagnosis.

ABA-mediated regulation of PME12 influences stomatal density, pore aperture, and heat stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana.

PME12-mutated plants displayed altered stomatal characteristics and susceptibility to ABA-induced closure. Despite changes in PME activity, the mutant exhibited enhanced thermotolerance. These findings suggest a complex interplay between pectin methylesterification, ABA response, and stomatal function, contributing to plant adaptation to heat stress.

Modulation of PI3K/AKT signaling and DFT modeling via selected pharmaceutical compounds attenuates carrageenan-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in rats.

The main goal of the current study is to estimate the in vivo anti-inflammatory/antioxidant ability of four selected pharmaceutical compounds: bisoprolol (Biso), piracetam (Pirc), clopidogrel (Clop), and cinnarizine (Cinna). Indomethacin (Indo) was used as a reference drug to perform a realistic comparison between the four compounds and the Indo in vivo through tracking PI3K/AKT signaling and computational chemistry via density functional theory (DFT) modeling to analyze the electrostatic potential across the molecule and provide insight into the regions for receptor binding of the studied compounds. To achieve the safe dose of these compounds, cytotoxicity was performed against isolated adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) using MTT assay.

Metastatic pancreatic cancer now in remission: a case report and literature review.

Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy with the majority of patients presenting at a late stage with unresectable or metastatic disease. Even with first line treatment, median survival is approximately 11 months in patients with advanced PDAC. This report details the unique case of a patient that presented with peritoneal metastases from an adenocarcinoma of the body of the pancreas, had a remarkable response to palliative chemotherapy and is alive without evidence of disease 12 months following cessation of all active treatment.

Bernard Greenberg: a legacy in medical, veterinary, and forensic entomology.

Bernard Greenberg was a ground-breaking scientist in the worlds of medical-veterinary and forensic entomology, studying the ability of flies to serve as a vector of human and other vertebrate pathogens. His work also extended beyond these topics, creating key studies on flies and their associated microbial ecology. These efforts led to numerous research publications and two books on flies and their associated microorganisms.

Paediatric renal tumours: an update on challenges and recent developments.

Paediatric renal tumours include a broad range of neoplasms which largely differ, but also overlap to a smaller extent, with adult kidney cancer. These include the embryonal tumour nephroblastoma, which accounts for the majority of cases of kidney cancer in the first decade of life and, despite boasting a cure in ~ 90% cases, still presents clinical challenges in a small proportion of cases. A variety of less common mesenchymal tumours, including the mostly indolent congenital mesoblastic nephroma, clear cell sarcoma of kidney which continues to be associated with poor outcomes for higher stage disease, and the typically lethal malignant rhabdoid tumour, form the bulk of the remaining presentations in the first decade.

Horizontal transfer and recombination fuel Ty4 retrotransposon evolution in Saccharomyces.

Horizontal transposon transfer (HTT) plays an important role in the evolution of eukaryotic genomes, however the detailed evolutionary history and impact of most HTT events remain to be elucidated. To better understand the process of HTT in closely related microbial eukaryotes, we studied Ty4 retrotransposon subfamily content and sequence evolution across the genus Saccharomyces using short- and long-read whole genome sequence data, including new PacBio genome assemblies for two S. mikatae strains.

In situ spatial transcriptomic analysis of human skeletal muscle using the Xenium platform.

Traditional transcriptomic studies often overlook the complex heterogeneity of skeletal muscle, as they typically isolate RNA from mixed muscle fibre and cell populations, resulting in an averaged transcriptomic profile that obscures fibre type-specific differences. This study assessed the potential of the recently developed Xenium platform for high-resolution spatial transcriptomic analysis of human skeletal muscle histological sections. Human vastus lateralis muscle samples from two individuals were analysed using the Xenium platform and Human Multi-Tissue and Cancer Panel targeting 377 genes complemented by staining of successive sections for Myosin Heavy Chain isoforms to differentiate between type 1 and type 2 muscle fibres.

Recycling honey bee drone brood for sustainable beekeeping.

Pollination by insects is vital for global agriculture, with honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) being the most important pollinators. Honey bees are exposed to numerous stressors, including disease, pesticides, and inadequate nutrition, resulting in significant colony losses.

Hybrid Pennisetum colonization by Bacillus megaterium BM18-2 labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) under Cd stress.

Researchers have reported that Bacillus megaterium BM18-2 reduces Cd toxicity in Hybrid Pennisetum, but understanding the interaction between plants and associated endophytes is crucial for understanding phytoremediation strategies under heavy metal stress. The current study aims to monitor the colonization patterns of GFP-labeled endophytic bacteria BM18-2 on Hybrid Pennisetum grass. Additionally, it will monitor Cd's effect on plant bacterial colonization.

Animal and vegetal materials of mouse oocytes segregate at first zygotic cleavage: a simple mechanism that makes the 2-cell blastomeres differ reciprocally from the start.

Recent advances in embryology have shown that the sister blastomeres of 2-cell mouse and human embryos differ reciprocally in potency. An open question is whether the blastomeres became different as opposed to originating as different. Here we wanted to test two conflicting models: one proposing that each blastomere contains both animal and vegetal materials in balanced proportions because the plane of first cleavage runs close to the animal-vegetal axis of the fertilized oocyte; and the other model proposing that each blastomere contains variable proportions of animal and vegetal materials because the plane of the first cleavage can vary depending on the topology of fertilization.

Status of IKZF1 Deletions in Diagnose and Relapsed Pediatric B-ALL Patients.

IKZF1 deletions (ΔIKZF1) are common in precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and are assumed to have a prognostic impact. We aimed to determine the prognostic implications of ΔIKZF1 and CRLF2 overexpression in pediatric B-ALL. Furthermore, we sought to compare the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay with standard multiplex ligand-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) methods to ascertain IKZF1 status in a clinical context.

Survey of Urogynecology Fellows on the Care of Patients with Differences in Sex Development/Intersex Traits.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Patients with differences in sex development or intersex traits (DSD/I) struggle to find clinically competent care in adulthood. We sought to describe the surgical exposure of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery (URPS) fellows who had previously trained in ObGyn (URPS-Gyn) to patients with DSD/I and their interest in performing 18 relevant procedures. We hypothesized that most graduating fellows would not have had exposure to many of the surgeries.

Efficiency of Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. Ex Steud. and Typha latifolia L. in remediating methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) from Ilam gas refinery wastewater: Isotherm and kinetic studies.

This study presents a novel, eco-friendly method for removing methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) from wastewater, addressing its environmental impact and elevated chemical oxygen demand (COD) from gas refineries. We employed two wetland plants, Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia, utilizing a hydroponics approach to assess MDEA removal efficiency. Wastewater samples from the Ilam gas refinery in Iran were tested at varying initial concentrations (50 to 1600 ppm) over three consecutive 7-day periods, with a 1-day rest interval.

A field resource for the glioma cerebrospinal fluid proteome: impacts of resection and location on biomarker discovery.

Background: While serial sampling of glioma tissue is rarely performed prior to recurrence, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an underutilized longitudinal source of candidate glioma biomarkers for understanding therapeutic impacts. However, the impact of key variables to consider in longitudinal CSF samples for monitoring biomarker discovery, including anatomical location and post-surgical changes, remains unknown.

Methods: Aptamer-based proteomics was performed on 147 CSF samples from 74 patients, 71 of whom had grade 2-4 astrocytomas or grade 2-3 oligodendrogliomas.

A Hitchhiker's Guide Toward CSF Biomarkers for Neuro-Oncology.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has emerged as a valuable liquid biopsy source for glioma biomarker discovery and validation. CSF produced within the ventricles circulates through the subarachnoid space, where the composition of glioma-derived analytes is influenced by the proximity and anatomical location of sampling relative to tumor, in addition to underlying tumor biology. The substantial gradients observed between lumbar and intracranial CSF compartments for tumor-derived analytes underscore the importance of sampling site selection.

Two experimental methods to integrate intra-oral scans into 3D stereophotogrammetric facial images.

Objectives: For this research two different ways for integrating intra-oral scans into three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetric images are analyzed and compared to the gold standard method.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed. For each patient a complete dataset was collected, which was used to generate 3D fusion models by three different methods: method A using cheek retractors, method B using a tracer and method C using full-skull CBCT.

Novel anti-HER2 ADCs vs dual anti-HER2 antibody for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer failed to tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

Background: Both novel anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and pertuzumab and trastuzumab (HP) combined with chemotherapy(C) regimens are the choice of treatment for HER2 positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) after tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Our team's previous research has shown significant therapeutic effects of novel anti-HER2 ADCs in patients with TKIs treatment failure. Unfortunately, there is currently no data available to compare novel anti-HER2 ADCs with HP combined with chemotherapy regimens.

Occurrence and Time of Onset of Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Preterm Neonates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Individual Patient Data.

Importance: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) has been described to typically occur during the early hours of life (HOL); however, the exact time of onset is still unknown.

Objective: To investigate the temporal distribution of IVH reported in very preterm neonates.

Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched on May 9, 2024.

Utilization of Palliative Care in Cardiogenic Shock Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of the National Inpatient Sample Database, 2020.

Cardiogenic shock (CS) is one of the leading causes of death in patients with myocardial infarction, myocarditis, and congestive heart failure. The utilization patterns of specialist palliative care (PC) consultation in these patients are currently unknown. To determine the utilization of PC in patients with CS and the overall comorbidities of that population.