Availability and occurrence of coelenterazine in a Swedish fjord to maintain Amphiura filiformis bioluminescence.

The bioluminescent European brittle star Amphiura filiformis produces blue light at the arm-spine level thanks to a biochemical reaction involving coelenterazine as substrate and a Renilla-like luciferase as an enzyme. This echinoderm light production depends on a trophic acquisition of the coelenterazine substrate. Without an exogenous supply of coelenterazine, this species loses its luminous capabilities.

Learned phenotypes emerge during social stress modifying hippocampal orexin receptor gene expression.

Psychological distress, including anxiety or mood disorders, emanates from the onset of chronic/unpredictable stressful events. Symptoms in the form of maladaptive behaviors are learned and difficult to treat. While the origin of stress-induced disorders seems to be where learning and stress intersect, this relationship and molecular pathways involved remain largely unresolved.

Testing how environmental variables affect the survival of freshwater turtle nests and hatchlings using artificial nests and dummy hatchlings.

The European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis) is a wide-ranging, long-living freshwater species with low reproductive success, mainly due to high predation pressure. We studied how habitat variables and predator communities in near-natural marshes affect the survival of turtle eggs and hatchlings. We followed the survival of artificial turtle nests placed in marshes along Lake Balaton (Hungary) in May and June as well as hatchlings (dummies) exposed in September.

A sterilization method for human decellularized vaginal matrices.

Vaginal reconstruction is necessary for various congenital and acquired conditions, including vaginal aplasia, trauma, tumors, and gender incongruency. Current surgical and non-surgical treatments often result in significant complications. Decellularized vaginal matrices (DVMs) from human tissue offer a promising alternative, but require effective sterilization to ensure safety and functionality.

Finding potential inhibitors from phytochemicals against nucleoprotein of crimean congo fever virus using in silico approach.

The Crimean Congo virus has been reported to be a part of the spherical RNA-enveloped viruses from the Bunyaviridae family. Crimean Congo fever (CCHF) is a fatal disease with having fatality rate of up to 40%. It is declared endemic by the World Health Organization.

Impact of Acacia-derived biochar to mitigate salinity stress in Zea mays L. by morpho-physiological and biochemical indices.

Climate change has caused many challenges to soil ecosystems, including soil salinity. Consequently, many strategies are advised to mitigate this issue. In this context, biochar is acknowledged as a useful addition that can alleviate the detrimental impacts of salt stress on plants.

Real-time monitoring by interferometric light microscopy of phage suspensions for personalised phage therapy.

Phage therapy uses viruses (phages) against antibiotic resistance. Tailoring treatments to specific patient strains requires stocks of various highly concentrated purified phages. It, therefore, faces challenges: titration duration and specificity to a phage/bacteria couple; purification affecting stability; and highly concentrated suspensions tending to aggregate.

Climate-driven distribution shifts of Iranian amphibians and identification of refugia and hotspots for effective conservation.

This study investigates the potential impacts of climate change on the distribution of Iranian amphibian species and identifies refugia and biodiversity hotspots to inform effective conservation strategies. The study employed ensemble species distribution models to assess the impacts of climate change on 19 Iranian amphibian species. We analyzed future scenarios (2041-2060 & 2081-2100) under a high-emission pathway to identify potential range shifts and refugia (areas with stable or newly suitable climate).

Serum and plasma as a good candidates of body fluids for detection lung cancer by FTIR liquid biopsy.

Using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), it is possible to show chemical composition of materials and / or profile chemical changes occurring in tissues, cells, and body fluids during onset and progression of diseases. For diagnostic application, the use of blood would be the most appropriate in biospectroscopy studies since, (i) it is easily accessible and, (ii) enables frequent analyses of biochemical changes occurring in pathological states. At present, different studies have investigated potential of serum, plasma and sputum being alternative biofluids for lung cancer detection using FTIR.

Night flight facilitates late breeding catch-up in a long-distance migratory seabird.

Long-distance migrants must optimise their timing of breeding to capitalise on resources at both breeding and over-wintering sites. In species with protracted breeding seasons, departing earlier on migration might be advantageous, but is constrained by the ongoing breeding attempt. Here we investigated how breeding timing affects migratory strategies in the Manx shearwater (Puffinus puffinus), a trans-hemispheric migratory seabird with large temporal variation in the onset of breeding.

Human migration from the Levant and Arabia into Yemen since Last Glacial Maximum.

While a broad consensus about the first successful migration modern humans out of Africa seems established, the peopling of Arabia remains somewhat enigmatic. Identifying the ancestral populations that contributed to the gene pool of the current populations inhabiting Arabia and the impact of their contributions remains a challenging task. We investigate the genetic makeup of the current Yemeni population using 46 whole genomes and 169 genotype arrays derived from Yemeni individuals from all geographic regions across Yemen and 351 genotype arrays derived from neighboring populations providing regional context.

The chromatin remodeling factor OsINO80 promotes H3K27me3 and H3K9me2 deposition and maintains TE silencing in rice.

The INO80 chromatin remodeling complex plays a critical role in shaping the dynamic chromatin environment. The diverse functions of the evolutionarily conserved INO80 complex have been widely reported. However, the role of INO80 in modulating the histone variant H2A.

Rapid lightsheet fluorescence imaging of whole Drosophila brains at nanoscale resolution by potassium acrylate-based expansion microscopy.

Taking advantage of the good mechanical strength of expanded Drosophila brains and to tackle their relatively large size that can complicate imaging, we apply potassium (poly)acrylate-based hydrogels for expansion microscopy (ExM), resulting in a 40x plus increased resolution of transgenic fluorescent proteins preserved by glutaraldehyde fixation in the nervous system. Large-volume ExM is realized by using an axicon-based Bessel lightsheet microscope, featuring gentle multi-color fluorophore excitation and intrinsic optical sectioning capability, enabling visualization of Tm5a neurites and L3 lamina neurons with photoreceptors in the optic lobe. We also image nanometer-sized dopaminergic neurons across the same intact iteratively expanded Drosophila brain, enabling us to measure the 3D expansion ratio.

Liver cancer multiomics reveals diverse protein kinase A disruptions convergently produce fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma.

Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma (FLC) is a rare liver cancer characterized by a fusion oncokinase of the genes DNAJB1 and PRKACA, the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A (PKA). A few FLC-like tumors have been reported showing other alterations involving PKA. To better understand FLC pathogenesis and the relationships among FLC, FLC-like, and other liver tumors, we performed a massive multi-omics analysis.

Computational biology assisted exploration of phytochemicals derived natural inhibitors to block BZLF1 gene activation of Epstein-Bar virus in host.

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is widespread and has been related to a variety of malignancies as well as infectious mononucleosis. Despite the lack of a vaccination, antiviral medications offer some therapy alternatives. The EBV BZLF1 gene significantly impacts viral replication and infection severity.

Application of rapid genotyping of Warfarin individualized pharmacogenetic variants in Warfarin therapy.

Warfarin is the most widely used oral anticoagulant in clinical practice. The cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9), vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1 (VKORC1), and cytochrome P450 4F2 (CYP4F2) genotypes are associated with warfarin dose requirements in China. Accurate genotyping is vital for obtaining reliable genotype-guided warfarin dosing information.

Analyzing bacterial networks and interactions in skin and gills of Sparus aurata with microalgae-based additive feeding.

The inclusion of microalgae in functional fish diets has a notable impact on the welfare, metabolism and physiology of the organism. The microbial communities associated with the fish are directly influenced by the host's diet, and further understanding the impact on mucosal microbiota is needed. This study aimed to analyze the microbiota associated with the skin and gills of Sparus aurata fed a diet containing 10% microalgae.

Hypoxia drives the formation of lung micropapillary adenocarcinoma-like structure through hypoxia-inducible factor-1α.

Micropapillary adenocarcinoma (MPC) is an aggressive histological subtype of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). MPC is composed of small clusters of cancer cells exhibiting inverted polarity. However, the mechanism underlying its formation is poorly understood.

Application of green silver nano-particles as anti-bacterial and photo-catalytic degradation of azo dye in wastewater.

Ensuring everyone enjoys healthy lifestyles and well-being at all ages, Progress has been made in increasing access to clean water and sanitation facilities and reducing the spread of epidemics and diseases. The synthesis of nano-particles (NPs) by using microalgae is a new nanobiotechnology due to the use of the biomolecular (corona) of microalgae as a capping and reducing agent for NP creation. This investigation explores the capacity of a distinct indigenous microalgal strain to synthesize silver nano-particles (AgNPs), as well as its effectiveness against multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria and its ability to degrade Azo dye (Methyl Red) in wastewater.

The effects of chicken hydrolyzed proteins in extruded diets on plasma and fecal metabolic profiles in adult dogs.

Research has shown various hydrolyzed proteins possessed beneficial physiological functions; however, the mechanism of how hydrolysates influence metabolism is unclear. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the effects of different sources of protein hydrolysates, being the main dietary protein source in extruded diets, on metabolism in healthy adult dogs. Three complete and balanced extruded canine diets were formulated: control chicken meal diet (CONd), chicken liver and heart hydrolysate diet (CLHd), mechanically separated chicken hydrolysate diet (CHd).

Genome-scale metabolic modelling reveals interactions and key roles of symbiont clades in a sponge holobiont.

Sponges harbour complex microbiomes and as ancient metazoans and important ecosystem players are emerging as powerful models to understand the evolution and ecology of symbiotic interactions. Metagenomic studies have previously described the functional features of sponge symbionts, however, little is known about the metabolic interactions and processes that occur under different environmental conditions. To address this issue, we construct here constraint-based, genome-scale metabolic networks for the microbiome of the sponge Stylissa sp.

Differences between mates at the TLR1Lb locus are associated with lower reproductive success in a long-lived seabird.

Genetic diversity can influence fitness components such as survival and reproductive success. Yet the association between genetic diversity and fitness based on neutral loci is sometime very weak and inconsistent, with relationships varying among taxa due to confounding effects of population demography and life history. Fitness-diversity relationships are likely to be stronger and more consistent for genes known to influence phenotypic traits, such as immunity-related genes, and may also depend on the genetic differences between breeding partners.

Multimodal cadmium resistance and its regulatory networking in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain CD3.

Cadmium, a toxic heavy metal, poses significant global concern. A strain of the genus Pseudomonas, CD3, demonstrating significant cadmium resistance (up to 3 mM CdCl.HO) was identified from a pool of 26 cadmium-resistant bacteria isolated from cadmium-contaminated soil samples from Malda, India.

Parallel single-cell metabolic analysis and extracellular vesicle profiling reveal vulnerabilities with prognostic significance in acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive disease with a high relapse rate. In this study, we map the metabolic profile of CD34(CD38) AML cells and the extracellular vesicle signatures in circulation from AML patients at diagnosis. CD34 AML cells display high antioxidant glutathione levels and enhanced mitochondrial functionality, both associated with poor clinical outcomes.

Age-dependent regulation of axoglial interactions and behavior by oligodendrocyte AnkyrinG.

The bipolar disorder (BD) risk gene ANK3 encodes the scaffolding protein AnkyrinG (AnkG). In neurons, AnkG regulates polarity and ion channel clustering at axon initial segments and nodes of Ranvier. Disruption of neuronal AnkG causes BD-like phenotypes in mice.