American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) as wetland ecosystem carbon stock regulators.

Blue carbon refers to organic carbon sequestered by oceanic and coastal ecosystems. This stock has gained global attention as a high organic carbon repository relative to other ecosystems. Within blue carbon ecosystems, tidally influenced wetlands alone store a disproportionately higher amount of organic carbon than other blue carbon systems.

Alu-Sc-mediated exonization generated a mitochondrial LKB1 gene variant found only in higher order primates.

The tumor suppressor LKB1/STK11 plays important roles in regulating cellular metabolism and stress responses and its mutations are associated with various cancers. We recently identified a novel exon 1b within intron 1 of human LKB1/STK11, which generates an alternatively spliced, mitochondria-targeting LKB1 isoform important for regulating mitochondrial oxidative stress. Here we examined the formation of this novel exon 1b and uncovered its relatively late emergence during evolution.

A fractal-fractional order modeling approach to understanding stem cell-chemotherapy combinations for cancer.

The main objective of this work is to study the mathematical model that combines stem cell therapy and chemotherapy for cancer cells. We study the model using the fractal fractional derivative with the Mittag-Leffler kernel. In the analytical part, we study the existence of the solution and its uniqueness, which was studied based on the fixed point theory.

Exploration of alcohol dehydrogenase EutG from Bacillus tropicus as an eco-friendly approach for the degradation of polycyclic aromatic compounds.

Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) are pervasive environmental contaminants derived from diverse sources including pyrogenic (e.g., combustion processes), petrogenic (e.

Patients with neurological or psychiatric complications of COVID-19 have worse long-term functional outcomes: COVID-CNS-A multicentre case-control study.

It is established that patients hospitalised with COVID-19 often have ongoing morbidity affecting activity of daily living (ADL), employment, and mental health. However, little is known about the relative outcomes in patients with COVID-19 neurological or psychiatric complications. We conducted a UK multicentre case-control study of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 (controls) and those who developed COVID-19 associated acute neurological or psychiatric complications (cases).

Strengthening biopolymer adhesives through ureolysis-induced calcium carbonate precipitation.

Common adhesives for nonstructural applications are manufactured using petrochemicals and synthetic solvents. These adhesives are associated with environmental and health concerns because of their release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Biopolymer adhesives are an attractive alternative because of lower VOC emissions, but their strength is often insufficient.

STAIG: Spatial transcriptomics analysis via image-aided graph contrastive learning for domain exploration and alignment-free integration.

Spatial transcriptomics is an essential application for investigating cellular structures and interactions and requires multimodal information to precisely study spatial domains. Here, we propose STAIG, a deep-learning model that integrates gene expression, spatial coordinates, and histological images using graph-contrastive learning coupled with high-performance feature extraction. STAIG can integrate tissue slices without prealignment and remove batch effects.

Short-term evolutionary implications of an introgressed size-determining supergene in a vulnerable population.

The Thorny Skate (Amblyraja radiata) is a vulnerable species displaying a discrete size-polymorphism in the northwest Atlantic Ocean (NWA). We conducted whole genome sequencing of samples collected across its range. Genetic diversity was similar at all sampled sites, but we discovered a ~ 31 megabase bi-allelic supergene associated with the size polymorphism, with the larger size allele having introgressed in the last ~160,000 years B.

Stromal architecture and fibroblast subpopulations with opposing effects on outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Dissecting the spatial heterogeneity of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) is vital for understanding tumor biology and therapeutic design. By combining pathological image analysis with spatial proteomics, we revealed two stromal archetypes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with different biological functions and extracellular matrix compositions. Using paired single-cell RNA and epigenomic sequencing with Stereo-seq, we revealed two fibroblast subsets CAF-FAP and CAF-C7, whose spatial enrichment strongly correlated with the two stromal archetypes and opposing patient prognosis.

Sanctuary for vulnerable Arctic species at the Borealis Mud Volcano.

Borealis is a recently discovered submerged mud volcano in the Polar North Atlantic, differing from the numerous methane seepages previously identified in the region. Here we show in situ observations from a remotely operated vehicle (ROV), capturing the release of warm (11.5 °C) Neogene sediments and methane-rich fluids from a gryphon at Borealis.

Essential oil composition, antidiabetic, cytotoxicity, antimicrobial, antioxidant activity, and molecular modeling analysis of secondary metabolites from .

, known as "Dhumuugaa" in Afan Oromo and "Sensel" or "Smiza" in Amharic, is traditionally used to treat ailments such as scabies, fever, asthma, diarrhea, malaria, and more. This study explored the chemical composition and biological activity of its extracts and isolated compounds. The essential oils were extracted using the hydrodistillation method, and their chemical composition was evaluated using GC-MS.

From circuits to lifespan: translating mouse and human timelines with neuroimaging based tractography.

Animal models are commonly used to investigate developmental processes and disease risk, but humans and model systems (e.g., mice) differ substantially in the pace of development and aging.

Gastric cancer genomics study using reference human pangenomes.

A pangenome is the sum of the genetic information of all individuals in a species or a population. Genomics research has been gradually shifted to a paradigm using a pangenome as the reference. However, in disease genomics study, pangenome-based analysis is still in its infancy.

Combined PARP14 inhibition and PD-1 blockade promotes cytotoxic T cell quiescence and modulates macrophage polarization in relapsed melanoma.

Background: Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) signaling blockade by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) effectively restores immune surveillance to treat melanoma. However, chronic interferon-gamma (IFNγ)-induced immune homeostatic responses in melanoma cells contribute to immune evasion and acquired resistance to ICI. Poly ADP ribosyl polymerase 14 (PARP14), an IFNγ-responsive gene product, partially mediates IFNγ-driven resistance.

Expanding the phenotypic spectrum of PROS: reclassifying isolated lateralised overgrowth.

Lateralised overgrowth (LO) is characterised by the asymmetric increase in the size of any part of the body exceeding 10% compared with the unaffected contralateral one. LO is a key feature in various syndromic overgrowth disorders, such as Beckwith-Wiedemann spectrum and -related overgrowth spectrum (PROS). However, it can also present as isolated (ILO).

Safety of interleukin inhibitors in patients with plaque psoriasis and history of neoplasms: a multicenter retrospective study - IL PSO (Italian landscape psoriasis).

Interleukin (IL) inhibitors are increasingly used in the management of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. However, their use in patients with a history of cancer is debated. We conducted a multicenter retrospective study across nine Italian Dermatology Units to assess the real-world effectiveness and safety of IL inhibitors (IL-23, IL-17, IL-12/23) in 136 oncological patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic periphyton responses to warming, nutrient enrichment and small omnivorous fish: a shallow lake mesocosms experiment.

Global change stressors, including climate warming, eutrophication, and small-sized omnivorous fish, may exert interactive effects on the food webs and functioning of shallow lakes. Periphyton plays a central role in the primary production and nutrient cycling of shallow lakes but constitutes a complex community composed of eukaryotes and prokaryotes that may exhibit different responses to multiple environmental stressors with implications for the projections of the effects of global change on shallow lakes. We analyzed the effects of warming, nutrient enrichment, small omnivorous fish and their interactions on eukaryotic and prokaryotic periphyton structures in shallow lake mesocosms.

The Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects of Cepharanthine in Uric Acid-Induced Neuroinflammation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cepharanthine (CEP) is an alkaloid extracted from Stephania cephalantha Hayata, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) renowned for its heatclearing and dehumidifying properties. For centuries, Stephania cephalantha Hayata has been employed in the treatment of a wide range of diseases, including pain, edema, inflammation, and fever.

Aim Of The Study: Our research aims to investigate the role and mechanism of Cepharanthine in ameliorating uric acid (UA) induced neuroinflammatory responses.

Folic acid-targeted β-lactoglobulin nanocarriers for enhanced delivery of 5-fluorouracil and sodium butyrate in colorectal cancer treatment.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant public health concern, emphasizing the need for innovative therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes. This study aimed to develop a highly efficient nanocarrier for targeted drug delivery, enhancing drug efficacy while minimizing concentrations and limiting adverse effects. We synthesized protein-based β-lactoglobulin (βlg) nanoparticles (NPs), loaded with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and sodium butyrate (NaB), and further functionalized with folic acid (FA) for specific targeting of folate receptor-positive CRC cells.

Additively Manufactured Subperiosteal Implants for the Rehabilitations of Lateral Incisors Agenesis - a case series.

Background: Tooth agenesis, particularly the absence of upper lateral incisors, presents substantial challenges for clinicians due to the associated bone atrophy, which limits the use of traditional implant solutions. Current options, such as endosseous implants combined with guided bone regeneration (GBR), often fail due to insufficient osseointegration in atrophic bone. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of custom-made, additively manufactured subperiosteal implants in addressing these challenges METHODS: This retrospective study assessed 16 custom-made subperiosteal implants used in 12 patients (10 females, 2 males; mean age 25 ± 2.

Analysis of glipizide and pravastatin sodium drug molecules at trace level by using magnetic solid phase extraction and HPLC-DAD system.

An easy applicable and selective sample preparation technique has been developed for trace and simultaneously analysis of Glipizide (GLP) and Pravastatin (PST) molecules in biological matrices based on magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A new magnetic adsorbent including FeO@TEOS-Melamine has been synthetized and characterized for extraction studies. Experimental variables of MSPE were examined and optimized step by step such as pH, adsorption and desorption conditions, time effect, etc.

Relationship between structural properties and biological activity of (-)-menthol and some menthyl esters.

Menthol is a naturally occurring cyclic terpene alcohol and is the major component of peppermint and corn mint essential oils extracted from Mentha piperita L. and Mentha arvensis L..

New cinnamic acid sugar esters as potential UVB filters: Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and physicochemical properties.

Cinnamic Acid Sugar Ester Derivatives (CASEDs) are a class of natural compounds that exhibit several interesting biological activities. However, to date, no examples of their use in sunscreen formulations have been reported. Here, we describe the synthesis of a series of novel cinnamic acid esters of glucose (4a-g), ribose (4h) and lactose (4i) starting from the respective acetals 3.

Biomechanical and Functional Features of the Carrier Erythrocytes Prolonging Circulation Time of Biotherapeutic Targeted to Glycophorin A.

Red blood cells (RBCs) serve as natural transporters and can be modified to enhance the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a protein cargo. Affinity targeting of Factor IX (FIX) to the RBC membrane is a promising approach to improve the (pro)enzyme's pharmacokinetics. For RBC targeting, purified human FIX was conjugated to the anti-mouse glycophorin A monoclonal antibody Ter119.

Prevalence of Pathogenic Variants and Eligibility Criteria for Genetic Testing in Patients Who Visit a Memory Clinic.

Background And Objectives: Identifying genetic causes of dementia in patients visiting memory clinics is important for patient care and family planning. Traditional clinical selection criteria for genetic testing may miss carriers of pathogenic variants in dementia-related genes. This study aimed identify how many carriers we are missing and to optimize criteria for selecting patients for genetic counseling in memory clinics.