TeMac™ ameliorates memory impairment and cholinergic dysfunction in rats induced by scopolamine.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with cognitive impairments which are linked to a deficit in cholinergic function. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of TeMac™ to prevent memory impairment in scopolamine-rats model of Alzheimer's disease and by in silico approaches to identify molecules in TeMac™ inhibiting acetylcholinesterase. The cholinergic cognitive dysfunction was induced by intraperitoneal injection of scopolamine (1 mg/kg daily) in male Wistar rats for seven consecutive days.

Prevalence of ESBL resistance genes and fecal carriage of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from patients with chronic kidney disease at the Laquintinie Hospital in Douala, Littoral Region, Cameroon.

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic Gram-negative bacterium capable of causing severe infections in immunocompromised patients such as those suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to determine the resistance profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) resistance genes in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Methods: The prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated in 458 patients, including 197 CKD patients and 261 patients suffering from gastrointestinal infections.

Machine learning and molecular docking prediction of potential inhibitors against dengue virus.

Introduction: Dengue Fever continues to pose a global threat due to the widespread distribution of its vector mosquitoes, and . While the WHO-approved vaccine, Dengvaxia, and antiviral treatments like Balapiravir and Celgosivir are available, challenges such as drug resistance, reduced efficacy, and high treatment costs persist. This study aims to identify novel potential inhibitors of the Dengue virus (DENV) using an integrative drug discovery approach encompassing machine learning and molecular docking techniques.

Metabolite profiling of Artemisia afra and Artemisia annua extracts reveals divergent effects on Plasmodium falciparum.

Background: Artemisia spp. have been used for millennia in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments, including malaria. Extracts of Artemisia afra and A.

The African Initiative for Bioinformatics Online Training in Neurodegenerative Diseases (AI-BOND): Investing in the next generation of African neuroscientists.

Unlabelled: Neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and AD-related dementias (AD/ADRD), pose significant challenges to health care systems globally, particularly in Africa. With the advances in medical technology and research capabilities, especially in next-generation sequencing and imaging, vast amounts of data have been generated from AD/ADRD research. Given that the greatest increase in AD/ADRD prevalence is expected to occur in Africa, it is critical to establish comprehensive bioinformatics training programs to help African scientists leverage existing data and collect additional information to untangle AD/ADRD heterogeneity in African populations.

Exploring the influence of age and diet on gut microbiota development in children during the first 5 years: a study from Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Introduction: The development of the human gut microbiota is shaped by factors like delivery mode, infant feeding practices, maternal diet, and environmental conditions. Diet plays a pivotal role in determining the diversity and composition of the gut microbiome, which in turn impacts immune development and overall health during this critical period. The early years, which are vital for microbial shaping, highlight a gap in understanding how the shift from milk-based diets to solid foods influences gut microbiota development in infants and young children, particularly in Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Effects of diet and ovariectomy on brain infection: functional alterations and neuronal loss in rats.

Epidemiological evidence associates latent infection with the development of neuropsychiatric disorders, and various immunological and environmental factors play key pathophysiological roles through host immune response alterations. We investigated the cognitive and motor alterations occurring in the terminal stage of infection in rats, and whether a low-protein diet, a high-fat diet or ovariectomy may accelerate their development, given the role of malnutrition and menopause on immunity and resistance to infection. In two sets of experiments, 2-month-old (157.

Evaluation of HPLC Profile, Antioxidant, Quorum Sensing, Biofilm, Swarming Motility, and Enzyme Inhibition Activities of Conventional and Green Extracts of .

The current study aims to prepare a green extract using a new method in addition to conventional extraction methods including; methanolic and ultrasonic extraction of , to compare their phenolic composition utilizing high-performance liquid chromatograph equipped with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD), anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, and enzyme inhibition activities. The results of HPLC-DAD analysis showed that Rosmarinic acid was found the highest amount in the methanolic extract followed by ultrasonic and green extracts as 169.7 ± 0.

Cytotoxicity, Antiadipogenic, Low-Density Lipoprotein Oxidation Inhibitory Activities, and Acute Toxicity Study of Hydroethanolic Leaf and Bark Extracts.

Obesity is increasingly taking an important stage as a cause of death worldwide, and interventions with a good cost-effectiveness ratio are needed. is one of these natural products with health benefits. Objective.

Physicochemical, nutritional, antioxidant properties and stability monitoring of coconut ( L.) water from two localities in Cameroon.

The nutritional value of a food is linked to the quality and quantity of the nutrients it contains. It offers a major advantage in establishing a food table composition (FTC) which is a tool that provides information on the quantity of nutrients contained in a food. Furthermore, certain natural beverage are not taken into account in the FTC.

Periodontal disease and serum uric acid levels in the absence of metabolic syndrome: is there a link? A study on a sample of Cameroonian adults.

Background: The relationship between serum uric acid level (SUA) and periodontal diseases (PD) is still controversial, and few studies have been carried out in population with no element of metabolic syndrome especially in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between PD and SUA in Cameroonian adults not suffering from metabolic syndrome.

Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study including Cameroonians aged over 18 years recruited in the general population and free of metabolic syndrome elements.

Two highly selected mutations in the tandemly duplicated CYP6P4a and CYP6P4b genes drive pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles funestus in West Africa.

Background: Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying insecticide resistance in malaria vectors is crucial for optimising the effectiveness of insecticide-based vector control methods and developing diagnostic tools for resistance management. Considering the heterogeneity of metabolic resistance in major malaria vectors, the implementation of tailored resistance management strategies is essential for successful vector control. Here, we provide evidence demonstrating that two highly selected mutations in CYP6P4a and CYP6P4b are driving pyrethroid insecticide resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles funestus, in West Africa.

Flavonoids and other constituents from Jacaranda mimosifolia: In vitro analysis, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulations of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

The investigation of the methanol extract of the flowers of Jacaranda mimosifolia led to the isolation and characterisation of fourteen secondary metabolites (1-14) by the means of chromatographic and spectroscopic analysis. These compounds include eight flavonoids sorted as two flavonols (1-2), three flavones (3, 7-8), and three isoflavones (4, 9-10), two glucoiridoids (5-6), and four triterpenoids sorted as one oleanane (11), one hopane (12), and two lupane (13-14). The in vitro antioxidant potential of all the isolated compounds was evaluated using the ABTS- and FRAP- methods, which demonstrated concentration-dependent activity.

Field-evolved resistance to neonicotinoids in the mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, is associated with mutations of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits combined with cytochrome P450-mediated detoxification.

New insecticides prequalified for malaria control interventions include modulators of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors that act selectively on different subunits leading to variable sensitivity among arthropods. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying contrasting susceptibility to neonicotinoids observed in wild populations of two mosquito sibling species. Bioassays and a synergist test with piperonyl butoxide revealed that the sister taxa, Anopheles gambiae and An.

and markers of resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine five years (2016-2020) after the implementation of seasonal malaria chemoprevention in Cameroon.

Background: Antimalarial drug resistance is a major challenge in the fight against malaria. Cameroon implemented seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and amodiaquine (SPAQ) to over 1.5 million children aged 3-59 months from 2016, raising concerns whether drug pressure may lead to a selection of known parasite resistance mutations.

Phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antileishmanial activities of kombucha as affected by fermentation time.

Objective: Study the impact of fermentation time on the phytochemical properties, antioxidant and antileishmanial activities.

Materials And Methods: The preparation of Kombucha tea by fermentation was performed under aseptic conditions and symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) layer was maintained in culture for continuous growth in a water-sugar (4 L-500 g) mixture for 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days. The process of preparation was performed using a decoction.

Seroprevalence and hematological profile of dengue among healthy inhabitants of Mayo Kebbi province: South of Tchad.

Introduction: Dengue is one of the most serious and rapidly spreading major mosquito borne diseases in the world. Despite many acute febrile illnesses in Tchad, the burden of illness due to dengue in the country is largely unknown. Hence, the present study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of dengue viral (DENV) infection and its association with hematological parameters.

Use of agrochemicals resulted in anemia and inflammation among farmers in Fako Division, Cameroon.

The use of agrochemicals as plant growth regulators, pesticides, and soil fertilizers can result in insults among farmers and other non-targeted organisms. The adverse effects of agrochemicals are of global concern, though limited studies have delineated their toxicity on blood cells and inflammatory parameters in Fako division in Cameroon. This study examined the impact of occupational exposure on haematological and inflammatory parameters among farmers in Fako division.

Quinic acid enhances kanamycin efficacy against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms.

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) form biofilms that contribute to increased antimicrobial resistance, leading to treatment failure and/or relapse. It is, therefore, necessary to develop new antibiofilm strategies to eradicate MRSA biofilms related infections. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of the combination of quinic acid and kanamycin against the preformed biofilms of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Identification of complex Plasmodium falciparum genetic backgrounds circulating in Africa: a multicountry genomic epidemiology analysis.

Background: The population structure of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum can reveal underlying adaptive evolutionary processes. Selective pressures to maintain complex genetic backgrounds can encourage inbreeding, producing distinct parasite clusters identifiable by population structure analyses.

Methods: We analysed population structure in 3783 P falciparum genomes from 21 countries across Africa, provided by the MalariaGEN Pf7 dataset.