6,700 results match your criteria: "Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences; University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing[Affiliation]"

Background: Preterm birth (PTB) is a leading cause of neonatal mortality, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where 40% of global neonatal deaths occur. We identified and combined demographic, clinical, and psychosocial correlates of PTB among Kenyan women to develop a risk score.

Methods: We used data from a prospective study enrolling HIV-negative women from 20 antenatal clinics in Western Kenya (NCT03070600).

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Purpose: Modeling passively collected smartphone sensor data (called digital phenotyping) has the potential to detect distress among family caregivers and patients with advanced cancer and could lead to novel clinical models of cancer care. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of collecting passive smartphone data from family caregivers and their care recipients with advanced cancer over 24 weeks.

Methods: This was an observational feasibility study.

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Objective: Although sexual minority men experience substantial discrimination, in addition to increased risk for several serious mental and somatic health problems, the biological mechanisms underlying these effects are unclear. To address this issue, we examined how experiences of social safety (i.e.

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Study Objectives: Physicians-in-training (residents, fellows) and Advanced Practice Providers (APPs) receive limited education on sleep disorders, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). They often assess patients first. We aimed to understand their views on OSA and screening for OSA in the perioperative period.

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MDMA and MDMA-Assisted Therapy.

Am J Psychiatry

January 2025

Directorate of Behavioral Health, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD (Wolfgang); Departments of Psychiatry (Wolfgang) and Medical and Clinical Psychology (Gray), Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD; Departments of Psychiatry (Wolfgang, Krystal), Neuroscience (Krystal), and Psychology (Krystal), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Center for Psychedelic Research and Therapy, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School (Fonzo, Nemeroff); Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA (Grzenda); Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Widge); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (Kraguljac); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (McDonald); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University and Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA (Rodriguez).

Article Synopsis
  • MDMA, also known as Ecstasy or Molly, has been used since the 1970s for both recreational and therapeutic purposes, with the FDA recognizing its potential for treating PTSD as a Breakthrough Therapy in 2017.
  • The effects of MDMA in therapeutic settings are distinct, promoting trust and self-compassion while allowing cognitive clarity, which differentiates it from other psychedelics.
  • Preliminary evidence indicates that MDMA-Assisted Therapy is effective, with 67%-71% of PTSD patients no longer meeting diagnostic criteria after treatment, significantly more than those receiving placebo therapy.
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Psilocybin: From Psychiatric Pariah to Perceived Panacea.

Am J Psychiatry

January 2025

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Fonzo, Barksdale, Nemeroff) and Center for Psychedelic Research and Therapy (Fonzo, Nemeroff), University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin; Institute for Early Life Adversity Research, University of Texas at Austin, Austin (Fonzo, Nemeroff); Department of Behavioral Health, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD (Wolfgang); Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD (Wolfgang); Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (Wolfgang, Krystal); Butler Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI (Carpenter); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (Kraguljac); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles (Grzenda); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (McDonald); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Widge); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Rodriguez); Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA (Rodriguez).

Objective: The authors critically examine the evidence base for psilocybin administered with psychological support/therapy (PST) in the treatment of psychiatric disorders and offer practical recommendations to guide future research endeavors.

Methods: PubMed was searched for English-language articles from January 1998 to November 2023, using the search term "psilocybin." A total of 1,449 articles were identified and screened through titles and abstracts.

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Unraveling the associations between voice pitch and major depressive disorder: a multisite genetic study.

Mol Psychiatry

December 2024

Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) often goes undiagnosed due to the absence of clear biomarkers. We sought to identify voice biomarkers for MDD and separate biomarkers indicative of MDD predisposition from biomarkers reflecting current depressive symptoms. Using a two-stage meta-analytic design to remove confounds, we tested the association between features representing vocal pitch and MDD in a multisite case-control cohort study of Chinese women with recurrent depression.

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Background: Training gaps regarding the diagnosis and management of eating disorders in diverse populations, including racial, ethnic, sexual, and gender minoritized groups, have not been thoroughly examined.

Objective: This study aimed to examine resident physicians' knowledge and attitudes regarding eating disorders in diverse populations, with a focus on areas for improved training and intervention.

Methods: Ninety-two resident physicians in internal medicine, emergency medicine, obstetrics/gynecology, psychiatry, and surgery at an academic center completed an online survey from 12/1/2020-3/1/2021, which comprised multiple choice and vignette-style open-ended questions to assess knowledge and attitudes toward the management and clinical presentations of eating disorders.

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A reliability generalization meta-analysis of the internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the pre-sleep arousal scale (PSAS).

Sleep Med

February 2025

Government Hospitals, Manama, Bahrain; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain. Electronic address:

Purpose: The Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale (PSAS) is a self-report tool for assessing cognitive and somatic arousal before sleep. While the English version is well-validated, research on translations is limited. This meta-analysis examines PSAS translations' internal consistency and reliability.

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One's ability to infer the goals and intentions of others is crucial for social interactions, and such social capabilities are broadly distributed across individuals. Autism-like traits (i.e.

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Racial and Ethnic Differences in Long-Term Outcomes among Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder at Opioid Treatment Programs.

J Racial Ethn Health Disparities

December 2024

Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences at the David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Objectives: Racial and ethnic differences in long-term outcomes associated with medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) are poorly understood.

Methods: The present analyses were based on 751 participants with opioid use disorder (OUD) who were initially recruited from opioid treatment programs located in California, Connecticut, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Washington and participated in a randomized controlled trial and at least one follow-up interview. 9.

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Background: Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and inflammation predict more severe outcomes in type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the link between CAN and inflammation in T1D remains unclear. We examined associations between CAN measures and inflammatory biomarkers in individuals with T1D.

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Interprofessional Collaboration and Patient/Family Engagement on Rounds in a Comprehensive Stroke Center: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Qual Manag Health Care

December 2024

Author Affiliations: Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Xie); Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Dr Xie) and Neurology (Drs Bahouth, Salas, and Zink), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Nursing, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland (Drs Barany, Watson, Zink, and Hairston and Ms Shakes); Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing (Drs Tanner, Hanson, Hansen, McDonald, and Hairston), Baltimore, Maryland; and Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (Dr Abu-Rish Blakeney).

Background And Objectives: Daily rounds provide an opportunity for interprofessional collaboration and patient/family engagement, which are critical to stroke care. As part of a quality improvement program, we conducted a baseline assessment to examine interprofessional collaboration and patient/family engagement during the current rounding process in a 12-bed comprehensive stroke center. Findings from the baseline assessment will be used to inform the development, implementation, and evaluation of a new rounding model.

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Do empirically-derived personality subtypes relate to cognitive inflexibility in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?

J Eat Disord

December 2024

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 3077, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.

Background: Accruing evidence suggests that personality-based approaches to eating disorder classification may offer several advantages over current diagnostic models, with prior research consistently identifying three personality-based groups characterized by either (1) high levels of impulsivity and dysregulation (termed the "undercontrolled" group), (2) high levels of rigidity and avoidance (termed the "overcontrolled" group), or (3) relatively normative levels of personality functioning (termed the "low psychopathology" group). Cognitive inflexibility (i.e.

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Sex differences in the central and peripheral omega 3 oxylipin response to acute systemic inflammation.

Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol

December 2024

Integrative and Biomedical Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) oxylipins regulate inflammation, and acute systemic inflammation can precipitate cognitive impairment. Females have more HDL and stronger immune responses than males, yet higher dementia risk. Little is known about sex differences in oxylipin responses to inflammatory stimuli and potential crosstalk between acute systemic inflammation and central oxylipin signaling in either sex.

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Although several studies have well described the characteristics of people who use psychedelics alongside their motivations and beliefs, little research has examined the preferences surrounding the source of psychedelic substances. In an anonymous online survey, we collected data from 6,379 consumers of 11 different psychedelic substances from 85 different countries, exploring their preferences and perceptions on natural and synthetic psychedelics. There was a strong preference of natural sources over synthetic alternatives for psilocybin (75%), DMT (56%), and mescaline (56%).

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Background: Educational attainment is a well-established social determinant of various domains of cognitive function across the lifespan. However, the theory of Minorities' Diminished Returns (MDRs) suggests that the health benefits of educational attainment tend to be weaker for ethnic minorities compared to non-Latino Whites. This phenomenon may reflect the impact of structural inequalities, social stratification, and historical disadvantage.

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Dual-task training and exergaming interventions are increasingly recognized for their potential to enhance cognitive, physical, and mood outcomes among older adults and individuals with neurological conditions. Despite this, clinical and community programs that use these interventions are limited in availability. This paper presents the "FitBrain" program, an outpatient clinical model that combines dual-task and exergaming interventions to promote cognitive and physical health.

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Delirium-like symptomatology in community-dwelling older adults with dementia.

Psychogeriatrics

January 2025

Department of Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Nursing, Houston, Texas, USA.

Background: Delirium, a sudden and acute state of confusion, is known to be more prevalent in hospitalised older adults with dementia and is associated with lower levels of functioning after the delirium episode; yet, the literature on estimates of delirium prevalence in community-dwelling older adults with dementia is scarce. The aim of this study was to define and determine the frequency of delirium-like symptoms in two different samples of community-dwelling persons living with dementia, as reported by their family caregivers. 'Delirium-like symptoms' is a concept that specifies an occurrence of cognitive and behavioural symptoms, provoking suspicion of delirium, that represent a sudden and unusual deleterious change in a community-dwelling person living with dementia that can be identified by family caregivers and prompt healthcare seeking behaviours.

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Serious harm reduction protective behavioral strategies reduce consequences associated with alcohol-induced blackouts in college students.

Addict Behav

March 2025

Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

Objective: Alcohol-induced blackouts (AIBs) have been associated with increased alcohol-related consequences. Serious harm reduction (SHR) protective behavioral strategies may reduce consequences when students are drinking heavily. We examined whether SHR weakened the relationship between AIBs and a) total consequences and b) serious consequences (e.

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Despite landmark breakthroughs in cancer research, African American adults (AA) bear the highest cancer burden compared to other racial groups in the United States (US). AA adults have twice the likelihood of dying from prostate and uterine cancers compared to White adults, suggesting that there are fundamental issues yet to be addressed when developing and implementing cancer-preventative programs for AA communities. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) empowers community members to identify and prioritize their health problems and preferred strategies to tackle these issues.

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Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) tend to experience greater difficulties with social communication and sensory information processing. Of particular interest in ASD biomarker research is the study of visual attention, effectively quantified in eye tracking (ET) experiments. Eye tracking offers a powerful, safe, and feasible platform for gaining insights into attentional processes by measuring moment-by-moment gaze patterns in response to stimuli.

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Honoring Dr. Betty Ferrell as a Paradigm-Shifting Palliative Care and Oncology Nurse Researcher.

J Pain Symptom Manage

January 2025

School of Nursing (J,N,O., M.A.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, School of Medicine (J.N.O., M.A.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care (J.N.O., M.A.B.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.

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