Dengue virus: Etiology, epidemiology, pathobiology, and developments in diagnosis and control - A comprehensive review.

Dengue flavivirus (DENV) is the virus that causes dengue, one of the most dangerous and common viral diseases in humans that are carried by mosquitoes and can lead to fatalities. Every year, there are over 400 million cases of dengue fever worldwide, and 22,000 fatalities. It has been documented in tropical and subtropical climates in over 100 nations.

Synthesis, spectroscopic, computational, molecular docking, antidiabetic(in vitro & in vivo) DNA and BSA interaction studies of ruthenium(II) carboxylate complexes.

The ruthenium compounds have been known to have the wide range of potential applications as anticancer, antibacterial and anti-diabetic etc. The ligand substitutions play a vital role in enhancing the pharmacological and biological activities. In the present study, three ruthenium-metal based complexes, designated as (I-III), were synthesized and characterized employing element analysis, FTIR and HNMR.

Impact of Bambusa vulgaris-supplemented diet on Nile tilapia challenged with Pseudomonas putida: Hematological, immune, and oxidative responses.

This study investigated the effects of bamboo shoot extract (Bambusa vulgaris) as a feed additive on the health profiles and infection resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against Pseudomonas putida. Bamboo shoot extract was added at levels of 0 g, 40 g, and 60 g per 1000 g of diet over a 60-day period. The fish were then challenged with a pathogenic P.

The role of microRNA in the regulation of hepatic metabolism and energy-expensive processes in the hibernating dormouse.

The garden dormouse (Eliomys quercinus) is a fat-storing mammal that undergoes annual periods of hibernation to mitigate the effects of food scarcity, low ambient temperatures, and reduced photoperiod that characterize winter. Like other hibernating species, this animal suppresses its metabolic rate by downregulating nonessential genes and processes in order to prolong available energy stores and limit waste accumulation throughout the season. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, single-stranded, noncoding RNAs that bind to mRNA and mediate post-transcriptional suppression, making miRNA ideal for modulating widespread changes in gene expression, including global downregulation typified by metabolic rate depression.

Policies and strategies to control antimicrobial resistance in livestock production: A comparative analysis of national action plans in European Union Member States.

Policy strategies targeting imprudent antimicrobial use (AMU) in livestock farming have been established at the global and country levels, recognising the risks associated with antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study evaluates the strategies addressing AMU and AMR in animal farms and the food supply chain in EU Member States using a multimethod approach. Our aim is to contribute to the debates surrounding the goals set by the EU Commission and the 'Strategic framework for collaboration on antimicrobial resistance: Together for One Health'.

The rhythm of horse gaits.

What makes animal gaits so audibly rhythmic? To answer this question, we recorded the footfall sound of 19 horses and quantified the rhythmic differences in the temporal structure of three natural gaits: walk, trot, and canter. Our analyses show that each gait displays a strikingly specific rhythmic pattern and that all gaits are organized according to small-integer ratios, those found when adjacent temporal intervals are related by a mathematically simple relationship of integer numbers. Walk and trot exhibit an isochronous structure (1:1)-similar to a ticking clock-while canter is characterized by three small-integer ratios (1:1, 1:2, 2:1).

New records of ticks (Acari: Ixodida) and Rickettsia species in El Salvador.

The tick fauna of El Salvador is currently represented by 10 species of hard ticks (family Ixodidae) and 2 species of soft ticks (family Argasidae). This study aimed to report new and additional records of ticks and rickettsiae in El Salvador. During 2019-2021, a total of 216 specimens of ticks were collected from eight host species (domestic and wild animals) and in the environment among 15 geographic localities of El Salvador.

Antimicrobial resistance, virulence profiling, and drug repurposing analysis of Staphylococcus aureus from camel mastitis.

Camel mastitis especially caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), is a major risk to animal health and milk production. The current investigation evaluated the antibiotic susceptibility and virulence factors of S.

A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 17 Disrupts Bovine Macrophage MER Proto-Oncogene Tyrosine Kinase Integrity to Impede Apoptotic Cell Clearance and Promote Inflammation in Clinical Mastitis.

In clinical mastitis of dairy cows, the abnormal accumulation of apoptotic cells (ACs) and subsequent secondary necrosis and inflammation pose significant concerns, with macrophage-mediated efferocytosis, crucial for ACs clearance, remaining unexplored in this context. In nonruminants, MER proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase (MERTK) receptors are essential for efferocytosis and A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) is thought to play a role in regulating MERTK integrity. This study aimed to delineate the in situ role of efferocytosis in clinical mastitis, with a particular focus on the interaction between MERTK and ADAM17 in bovine macrophages.

Chemoprevention of natural product against oral cancer: A comprehensive review.

Introduction: Oral cancer is considered the sixth most common form of cancer worldwide. It causes significant morbidity and mortality, especially in low socioeconomic status groups. However, Cancer chemoprevention encompasses the use of specific compounds to suppress the growth of tumours or inhibit carcinogenesis.

Aloe arborescens Standardized Glycosidic Fraction Suppresses Hepatocarcinoma by Modulating TIMP1, MMP9 Genes Expression, and Inflammation/Ki67/TGFβ1 Pathway.

(1) Background and aim: Aloe arborescens Mill. (A. arborescens) is one of the most widely distributed species in the genus Aloe and has garnered widespread recognition for its anticancer properties.

Black soldier fly larvae: a one health approach to investigate gut, and organ health and meat quality response in slow-growing chickens.

Background: The inclusion of sustainable protein sources in poultry feed has become essential for improving animal welfare in livestock production. Black soldier fly larvae are a promising solution due to their high protein content and sustainable production. However, most research has focused on fast-growing poultry breeds, while the effects on native breeds, such as the Bianca di Saluzzo, are less explored.

Isolation and characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from bovine mastitis in North West Cameroon: public health implications.

Objectives: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a zoonotic pathogen that poses a serious threat to veterinary and public health worldwide. We investigated mastitis milk samples for contamination with MRSA and also characterized the MRSA isolates by investigating antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors.

Result: We confirmed MRSA in 69 of 201 (34.

The Rhipicephalus sanguineus group: updated list of species, geographical distribution, and vector competence.

The Rhipicephalus sanguineus group is an assembly of species morphologically and phylogenetically related to Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu stricto. The taxonomy and systematics of this species group have remained obscure for a long time, but extensive research conducted during the past two decades has closed many knowledge gaps. These research advancements culminated in the redescription of R.

Development of a molecular assay for the determination of Eimeria tenella oocyst viability.

Coccidiosis is caused by apicomplexan parasites of the genus Eimeria, which infect epithelial cells of the intestinal tract causing diarrhea and negatively impacting production in the poultry industry. The self-limiting and highly immunogenic nature of infection by Eimeria spp. make live vaccination an effective means of coccidiosis control.

Understanding and overcoming geographical barriers for scaling up dog vaccinations against rabies.

Rabies causes 59,000 human deaths annually in over 150 countries. Mass dog vaccination (MDV) is key to controlling dog rabies, requiring 70% coverage in the susceptible dog population to eliminate rabies deaths. MDV campaigns must achieve geographical homogeneity of coverage.

Pre-extraction alveolar buccal bone overbuilding: a preclinical investigation.

Background: The pre-extraction overbuilding procedure was designed aiming to mitigate buccal bone resorption following tooth extraction. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of pre-extraction and juxta-extraction buccal overbuilding treatments in preserving buccal bone volume following tooth extraction.

Material And Methods: At the test sites (pre-extraction sites), an alveolar crest overbuilding was performed on the buccal aspect of the distal root of the fourth premolar using a xenograft covered with a collagen membrane.

Genetic factors regulating Plasmodium falciparum gametocytogenesis identified by phenotypic screens.

Successful transmission of Plasmodium falciparum from one person to another relies on the complete intraerythrocytic development of non-pathogenic sexual gametocytes infectious for anopheline mosquitoes. Understanding the genetic factors that regulate gametocyte development is vital for identifying transmission-blocking targets in the malaria parasite life cycle. Toward this end, we conducted a forward genetic study to characterize the development of gametocytes from sexual commitment to mature stage V.

Development of high-performance inducible and secretory expression vector and host system for enhanced recombinant protein production.

The production of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-free recombinant proteins from culture supernatants is of great interest to biomedical research and industry. Due to the LPS-free cell wall structure and the well-defined secretion factor B (SecB)-dependent secretion pathway, Gram-positive bacteria are a superior alternative to Escherichia coli expression systems. However, the lack of inducible expression systems for high yields has been a bottleneck.

Fish handling and postharvest losses around the Fincha'a, Amarti, and Nashe reservoirs in Oromiya, Ethiopia.

This study assessed the factors contributing to postharvest loss of fish around the Fincha'a, Amarti, and Nashe reservoirs in Horro Guduru Wollega, Oromia, Western Ethiopia, using semi-structured questionnaires from January, 2022 GC onward. The aim of the finding was to know the fish handling and post-harvest preservation of fish around the reservoirs. In the study area, 320 respondents were selected using a random sampling system.

Forage sources in total mixed rations on rumen fermentation, gut fill, and development of the gastrointestinal tract of dairy calves.

The inclusion of forage sources in calf diets is often discussed, and the main point debated is whether the inclusion level, particle size, source, and how forage is offered may impact gut fill and reduce body weight gain, as well as impact gastrointestinal tract development. This study aimed to determine the effects of feeding forage sources with different qualities on rumen fermentation, gut fill, and development of the gastrointestinal tract of dairy calves. Forty-eight Holstein dairy calves were blocked according to sex and body weight (BW) at 28 days of life and randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments.

Zoonotic Gastroenteric Diseases of Exotic Animals.

Exotic pet ownership has steadily increased over the last decade, and with increased numbers of these species in close contact with humans, the risk of gastrointestinal zoonoses has also increased. Non-typhoidal serovars of Salmonella enterica are one of the most prevalent and important zoonoses of exotic pets, and reptile and backyard poultry are common asymptomatic carriers of these bacteria. Outbreaks of reptile-associated salmonellosis have occurred yearly in the United States since 2019 but contact with backyard poultry has actually been associated with more Salmonella outbreaks in the United States than any other animal species to date.