In vitro performance of a charcoal capturing device with desflurane.

Background: The use of capturing devices may become required for the continued use desflurane. We tested the percentage of desflurane captured by a charcoal filter (CONTRAfluran)-workstation (Aisys) combination in vitro.

Methods: Desflurane in O2/air was administered via an Aisys workstation into a 2 L test lung that was insufflated with CO2 (160 mL/min).

Effectiveness of ERAS program on postoperative recovery after gastric cancer surgery: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Previous studies have reported the effectiveness of the "enhanced recovery after surgery" program in patients who underwent gastric cancer surgery, mostly based on the 2014 gastrectomy guidelines. Therefore, based on subsequent advancements in perioperative management, this randomized, controlled, open-label, single-center study aimed to assess the impact of a recent evidence-based multimodal enhanced recovery after surgery program on the quality of early recovery after gastric cancer surgery.

Materials And Methods: This study included adult patients scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic or robotic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

Regional anesthesia for arrhythmias: a review of current literature.

Purpose Of The Review: The aim is to provide a comprehensive review of regional anesthesia techniques to control ventricular arrhythmias.

Recent Findings: While promising, the use of stellate ganglion block (SGB) for arrhythmia control is still under investigation, and further clinical trials are warranted to fully understand its efficacy, long-term outcomes, suitable patient group, and safety profile. Nevertheless, it remains a potential adjunctive therapy in the management of ventricular arrhythmias in select patients.

Managing Donor Site Pain After Alveolar Bone Grafting: A Comparative Analysis of Liposomal Bupivacaine (Exparel), Bupivacaine-Soaked Gelfoam, and ON-Q Ropivacaine.

Introduction: Traditionally, alveolar bone grafting (ABG) uses bone from the iliac crest for repair. Harvesting this graft has been associated with significant donor site pain. Local anesthetic is a useful adjunct to alleviate postoperative opioid requirements.

Perioperative Management During Liver Transplantation: A National Survey From the French Special Interest Group in "Liver Anesthesiology and Intensive Care".

Background: Perioperative management practices in liver transplantation (LT) evolve very quickly. There are few specific recommendations, often based on a low level of evidence, resulting in wide heterogeneity of practices.

Methods: We performed a survey in all 16 French centers in 2021 by focusing on center organization, preoperative cardiovascular assessment, antimicrobial prophylaxis, hemostasis management, intraoperative use of hemodynamic monitoring and renal replacement therapy, immunosuppression, and postoperative prevention of arterial complications and compared it with current recommendations.

Routine anaesthesia ward-based patient visits in surgery: 1-year outcomes of the TRACE randomized clinical trial.

Background: The TRACE (Routine posTsuRgical Anaesthesia visit to improve patient outComE) RCT did not show any perioperative benefit from ward-based visits by anaesthetists after surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of this intervention on longer-term outcomes.

Methods: Patients were followed up in the TRACE RCT to 1 year in nine hospitals in the Netherlands.

The comparative impact of central vs. peripheral VA-ECMO cannulation on postoperative graft dysfunction in lung transplantation: a retrospective analysis.

Background: Lung transplantation (LTx) is the definitive treatment for end-stage pulmonary diseases, with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) used as a common perioperative support. However, it remains unclear if central (cVA-ECMO) or peripheral (pVA-ECMO) cannulation routes yield better outcomes in postoperative prognosis. This study compares the impact of these two cannulation strategies on primary graft dysfunction (PGD) incidence in LTx patients.

Predicting admission to and length of stay in intensive care units after general anesthesia: Time-dependent role of pre- and intraoperative data for clinical decision-making.

Background: Accurate prediction of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and length of stay (LOS) after major surgery is essential for optimizing patient outcomes and healthcare resources. Factors such as age, BMI, comorbidities, and perioperative complications significantly influence ICU admissions and LOS. Machine learning methods have been increasingly utilized to predict these outcomes, but their clinical utility beyond traditional metrics remains underexplored.

Lessons from the National institutes of health innovation corps program: defining barriers to developing and commercializing novel solutions for persons with opioid use disorder.

Background: Translating innovative research advancements into commercially viable medical interventions presents well-known challenges. However, there is limited understanding of how specific patient, clinical, social, and legal complexities have further complicated and delayed the development of new and effective interventions for Opioid Use Disorder (OUD). We present the following case studies to provide introductory clinical, social, and business insights for researchers, medical professionals, and entrepreneurs who are considering or are currently developing medical.

Using network analysis to identify central symptoms of depression and anxiety in different profiles of infertility patients.

Background: Depression and anxiety were not only common but also with serious consequence in infertility patients. The current study endeavors to define distinct depression and anxiety profiles of infertility patients and identify central symptoms within different profiles to facilitate targeted interventions.

Method: The research employed K-means Clustering to delineate the depression and anxiety profiles, followed by a repetition of the analysis using Latent Class Analysis (LCA).

Evaluation of perioperative lung ultrasound scores in robotic radical prostatectomy: prospective observational study.

Robotic major abdominal surgeries are popular worldwide, yet very few clinical studies have investigated the effects of robotic surgery setup on respiratory outcomes. In this prospective observational study, it is aimed to demonstrate the change in ultrasonographic condition of the lungs throughout the robotic surgery and its relation with respiratory outcomes. Robotic radical prostatectomy patients without any preexisting lung or cardiac pathology were enrolled in the study.

S-ketamine exposure in early postnatal period induces social deficit mediated by excessive microglial synaptic pruning.

The impact of general anesthetics on neurodevelopment is highly controversial in terms of clinical and preclinical studies. Evidence mounted in recent years indicated development of social cognitions was more susceptible to general anesthesia in early life. However, the behavioral characterization during adolescence and underlying mechanisms remains unclear.

Comparative effect of nonpharmacological interventions on emergence delirium prevention in children following sevoflurane general anesthesia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Children receiving general anesthesia while undergoing surgery have a significantly high incidence of emergence delirium (ED). Nonpharmacological interventions yield beneficial effects on preventing pediatric ED. However, the relative effects of nonpharmacological interventions on pediatric ED prevention based on various perioperative phases remain unknown.

Incorporating preoperative and intraoperative data to predict postoperative pneumonia in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiothoracic surgery: The online two-stage prediction tool.

Background: Prior research on postoperative pneumonia (POP) risk models focused on preoperative factors but overlooked intraoperative variables vital for precision. These models also neglected the higher-risk elderly population. This study seeks to develop and evaluate preoperative and combined models to predict POP risk in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiothoracic surgery.

Zoom-Delivered Empowered Relief for Chronic Pain: Observational Longitudinal Pilot Study Exploring Feasibility and Pain-Related Outcomes in Patients on Long-Term Opioids.

Background: Patients with chronic pain on long-term opioid therapy often face barriers to accessing effective nonpharmacological treatments, including the burden of multiple sessions, lack of trained clinicians, and travel time. Empowered Relief (ER), a 2-hour, single-session pain relief skills class, can improve pain and quality of life among patients with chronic pain when delivered in person or virtually.

Objective: This study examined the impact of Zoom-delivered ER among people with chronic pain on long-term opioid therapy.

Impact on Patient Outcomes of Continuous Vital Sign Monitoring on Medical Wards: Propensity-Matched Analysis.

Background: Continuous and wireless vital sign (VS) monitoring on hospital wards is superior to intermittent VS monitoring at detecting VS abnormalities; however, the impact on clinical outcomes remains to be confirmed. A recent propensity-matched study of primary surgical patients found decreased odds of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality in patients receiving continuous monitoring. Primary surgical patients are inherently different from their medical counterparts who typically have high morbidity, including frailty.

Epilepsy Risk Associated With the Receipt of General Anesthesia Relative to Neuraxial Anesthesia: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background And Objectives: Evidence suggests that the receipt of general anesthesia may be associated with an increased risk of epilepsy compared with neuraxial (i.e., spinal or epidural) anesthesia.

Dual mRNA nanoparticles strategy for enhanced pancreatic cancer treatment and β-elemene combination therapy.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is notoriously immune-resistant, limiting the clinical efficacy of single-agent immune modulators and thereby necessitating the exploration of multimodal immunotherapy combinations. Traditional approaches combining conventional immune checkpoint inhibitors with neoantigen vaccines have shown some promise in treating PDAC but are often compromised by intratumoral T lymphocyte exhaustion and systemic toxicity. Hence, novel approaches are needed to address these challenges.

The impact of postoperative glucocorticoids on complications after head and neck cancer surgery with free flap reconstruction: A retrospective study.

Background: After head and neck cancer surgery with free flap reconstruction, the use of glucocorticoids is often required to alleviate inflammation and edema. However, the impact of glucocorticoid on postoperative complications and cancer progression remains unclear.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 711 elderly patients who underwent head and neck cancer surgery with free flap reconstruction at Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2022.

Emulating Target Trials to Study Perioperative and Critical Care Interventions with Observational Data: Promise and Limitations.

Estimating effects of interventions is a central task in perioperative and critical care outcomes research. While randomized trials remain the accepted standard for causal inference, trial data are not always available to inform clinical decisions, and some questions cannot be answered feasibly or efficiently with trials. In these settings, studies using observational healthcare data may be used to inform practice.

Strengthening Discovery and Application of Artificial Intelligence in Anesthesiology: A Report from the Anesthesia Research Council.

Interest in the potential applications of artificial intelligence in medicine, anesthesiology, and the world at large has never been higher. The Anesthesia Research Council steering committee formed an anesthesiologist artificial intelligence expert workgroup charged with evaluating the current state of artificial intelligence in anesthesiology, providing examples of future artificial intelligence applications and identifying barriers to artificial intelligence progress. The workgroup's findings are summarized here, starting with a brief introduction to artificial intelligence for clinicians, followed by overviews of current and anticipated artificial intelligence-focused research and applications in anesthesiology.