"The Spirits Drink Cassava Beer": The More-Than-Human Politics of Self-Help in Amazonian Guyana.

This article concerns vernacular practices of "self-help" among the indigenous Makushi people of Amazonian Guyana. Contrasted with "Western" self-care, the article examines , a traditional system of communal work grounded in a collaborative ethic of "helping each other out." A convivial event, is always accompanied by feasting, drinking, and the celebration of social relationships.

Assessment of Risk of Malignancy by Application of the Proposed IAC-IARC-WHO Cytopathology System for Classification and Reporting of Soft Tissue Lesions: An Experience From Tertiary Care Center From India.

Introduction: Soft tissue lesions encompass a diverse category of diseases from benign to malignant, and their morphology might overlap; therefore, accurate categorization is needed to approach the reporting of soft tissue cytology. The cytology of these lesions is helpful in detecting the features of malignancy, which helps in guiding further management. In this study, we applied the proposed IAC-IARC-WHO cytopathology system to assess the risk of malignancy (ROM) and diagnostic accuracy (DA) for the determination of its clinical and diagnostic utility.

Differences in Pulmonary Artery Stiffness Measured by CMR in Preterm-Born Young Adults With and Without Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

Background: Very preterm-born infants are at risk for developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease. Nowadays, the majority of these infants reach adulthood. Very preterm-born young adults are at risk for developing pulmonary arterial (PA) hypertension later in life.

Temporal Trends in Noninvasive and Invasive Cardiac Testing From 2010 to 2022 in the US Medicare Population.

Background: Cardiac diagnostic testing continues to evolve, and controversies remain regarding the optimal utilization of different procedures. We sought to evaluate changes in long-term utilization trends for a wide range of cardiac diagnostic tests in the context of advancing technologies and updated guidelines.

Methods: Annual cardiac testing volumes from 2010 to 2022 in the Medicare Part B population were compared across tests and by provider specialty and analyzed using Joinpoint regression.

A clinical decision support alert to promote timely laxative use in in-patients prescribed clozapine.

Background: Clozapine-induced gastrointestinal hypomotility and constipation can result in severe and sometimes fatal gastrointestinal complications. Laxatives should be prophylactically prescribed with clozapine, but this is inconsistently achieved. Digital clinical decision support (CDS) alerts can promote safer prescribing.

Cascade-Responsive Nanoprodrug Disrupts Immune-Fibroblast Communications for Potentiated Cancer Mechanoimmunotherapy.

The abnormal tumor mechanical microenvironment due to specific cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) subset and low tumor immunogenicity caused by inefficient conversion of active chemotherapeutic agents are two key obstacles that impede patients with desmoplastic tumors from achieving stable and complete immune responses. Herein, it is demonstrated that FAP-αCAFs-induced stromal stiffness accelerated tumor progression by precluding cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Subsequently, a cascade-responsive nanoprodrug capable of re-educating FAP-αCAFs and amplifying tumor immunogenicity for potentiated cancer mechanoimmunotherapy is ingeniously designed.

Heteroatom Introduction and Electrochemical Reconstruction on Heterostructured Co-Based Electrocatalysts for Hydrogenation of Quinolines.

Electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) of quinoline provides an eco-friendly and prospective route to achieve the highly value-added generation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (THQ). Co element has been proven to be the efficient catalytic site for ECH of quinoline, but the rational regulation of the electronic structure of active Co site to improve the activity is still a challenge. Herein, the hierarchical core-shell structure consisting of NiCo-MOF nanosheets encapsulated Cu(OH) nanorods (Cu(OH)@CoNi-MOF) is constructed.

Flexible Patterned Fuel Cell Patches Stimulate Nerve and Myocardium Restoration.

The distribution of electrical potentials and current in exogenous electrostimulation has significant impacts on its effectiveness in promoting tissue repair. However, there is still a lack of a flexible, implantable power source capable of generating customizable patterned electric fields for in situ electrostimulation(electrical stimulation). Herein, this study reports a fuel cell patch (FCP) that can provide in situ electrostimulation and a hypoxic microenvironment to promote tissue repair synergistically.

Chaotic Direct Ink Writing (ChDIW) of Hybrid Hydrogels: Implication for Fabrication of Micro-ordered Multifunctional Cryogels.

The modern era demands multifunctional materials to support advanced technologies and tackle complex environmental issues caused by these innovations. Consequently, material hybridization has garnered significant attention as a strategy to design materials with prescribed multifunctional properties. Drawing inspiration from nature, a multi-scale material design approach is proposed to produce 3D-shaped hybrid materials by combining chaotic flows with direct ink writing (ChDIW).

Highly Efficient Indoor Perovskite Solar Cells with 40% Efficiency Using Perylene Diimide-Based Zwitterionic Cathode Interlayers.

Metal halide perovskites are ideal candidates for indoor photovoltaics (IPVs) due to their tunable bandgaps, which allow the active layers to be optimized for artificial light sources. However, significant non-radiative carrier recombination under low-light conditions has limited the full potential of perovskite-based IPVs. To address this challenge, an integration of perylene diimide (PDI)-based sulfobetaines as cathode interlayers (CILs) is proposed and the impact of varying alkyl chain length (from 1,2-ethylene to 1,5-pentylene) between the cationic and the anionic moieties is examined.

Impact of geo-climatic factors on the prevalence and diversity of tick fauna in Achai cattle of the northern Hindukush Mountains, Khyber pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Background: Ticks are blood-feeding ectoparasites that can transmit different diseases in livestock and humans. Globally, 994 tick species are recognized, belonging to three families, that is, Argasidae (220 species), Ixodidae (773 species) and Nuttalliellidae (one species). The current study investigated the impact of geo-climatic conditions on the prevalence and distribution of ticks in Achai cattle of the northern Hindukush Mountains of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Implementation of a novel hybrid cord blood banking model within a private-public-partnership.

Background: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) stem cells can be collected at birth, cryopreserved, and used for transplantation in hematopoietic diseases. Typically, these stem cells are stored in public banks for allogeneic use or in private depositories for potential future utilization by the family. A proposed third option, hybrid cord blood banking, combines elements of both public and private storage.

Impact of hematopoietic cell transplantation and quizartinib in newly diagnosed patients with acute myeloid leukemia and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3-internal tandem duplications in the QuANTUM-First trial.

QuANTUM-First (NCT02668653) was a randomized phase 3 trial in newly diagnosed FLT3-ITDQpositive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients treated with quizartinib or placebo plus standard induction and consolidation chemotherapy and/or allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT), followed by single-agent maintenance therapy. We evaluated the impact of allo-HCT performed in first complete remission (CR1) or composite CR1 (CRc1) on overall survival (OS), considering treatment randomization. Post-hoc extended Cox regression multivariable analyses were conducted in patients who achieved CR/CRc by the end of induction, including allo-HCT in CR1/CRc1 as a time-dependent variable to identify prognostic and predictive factors for OS.

Hemophilia is associated with accelerated biological aging.

Hemophilia is a rare X-linked bleeding disorder caused by mutations in the F8 or F9 gene (hemophilia A or B), leading to deficient factor VIII or IX proteins, respectively. Hemophilia-related complications caused by bleeding into the joints (the hallmark of hemophilia) and age-related comorbidities occur frequently and impact the functionality and quality of life of persons with hemophilia (PwH). Given the chronic nature of hemophilia, we hypothesized that hemophilia has an association with accelerated biological aging.

Integration of Photodiagnosis and Therapy Guided by Micro/Nanorobots.

Micro/Nanorobots(MNRs)integrated with phototherapy represent an emerging approach to cancer treatment and hold significant potential for addressing bacterial infections, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and related conditions. By leveraging micro/nanoscale motor systems in conjunction with phototherapy, these robots enable real-time guidance and monitoring of therapeutic processes, improving drug delivery precision and efficiency. This integration not only enhances the effectiveness of phototherapy but also minimizes damage to surrounding healthy tissues.

A multi-objective function for deep learning-based automatic energy efficiency power allocation in multicarrier noma system using hybrid heuristic improvement.

Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) is the successive multiple-access methodologies for modern communication devices. Energy Efficiency (EE) is suggested in the NOMA system. In dynamic network conditions, the consideration of NOMA shows high computational complexity that minimizes the EE to degrade the system performance.

Regulation of immune responses to therapeutic factor VIII by transplacental delivery of Fc-fused immunodominant factor VIII domains or peptides.

Patients with severe hemophilia A (HA) often develop undesired immune responses to therapeutic factor VIII (FVIII) that hamper replacement therapy with FVIII-derived products. The transplacental delivery of two Fc-fused FVIII domains in pregnant HA mice was shown to induce partial FVIII-specific immune tolerance in the offspring. Here, we evaluated whether the transplacental delivery of Fc-fused FVIII (rFVIIIFc) induces complete immune tolerance towards FVIII.

Testing syndemic models along pathways to psychotic spectrum disorder: implications for population-level preventive interventions.

Background: Population-level preventive interventions are urgently needed and may be effective for psychosis due to social determinants. We tested three syndemic models along pathways from childhood adversity (CA) to psychotic spectrum disorder (PSD) and their implications for prevention.

Methods: Cross-sectional data from 7461 British men surveyed in 5 population subgroups.

New Food Ingredients: The Challenge of Potential New Pathogens and Spoilage Issues.

The UN Sustainable Development Goal 2 (Zero Hunger) highlights the need to produce sufficient food commodities to meet the world's population demands and combat hunger, while also respecting the environment and adhering to sustainability principles. Since the beginning of the 21st century, new ideas, ingredients, and technologies have emerged that could significantly transform the food industry. These transformations may alter the rules of food production by integrating traditional knowledge with new technologies and scientific advancements.

Plasma exchange for hyperammonemia-induced reduced consciousness after PEG-asparaginase in an adult patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Not available.

p16INK4a Deletion Alleviated Obesity-Associated Kidney Fibrosis by Regulating Metabolic Reprogramming and the Inflammasome Pathway.

Recent research has revealed a close association between obesity and various metabolic disorders, including renal metabolic diseases, but the mechanism is still unknown. This study explored the role of p16INK4a in obesity-related kidney fibrosis and evaluated its potential as a therapeutic target. Using wild-type (WT) mice and p16 KO mice, we fed both groups a high-fat diet (HFD) for 6 months.

Bruton tyrosine kinase covalent inhibition shapes the immune microenvironment in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Continuous treatment with ibrutinib not only exerts tumor control but also enhances T cell function in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We conducted longitudinal multi-omics analyses in samples from CLL patients receiving ibrutinib upfront to identify potential adaptive mechanisms to Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibition during the first 12 months of continuous therapy. We found that ibrutinib induced a decrease in the expression of exhaustion markers and the proportion of Tregs and Tfh cells normalized to levels observed in healthy donors.

Traditional Chinese medicine in synergy with conventional therapy improves renal outcomes and provides survival benefit in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a cohort study from the largest health care system in Taiwan.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifaceted autoimmune disorder that significantly impacts renal function. Despite conventional treatments, morbidity and mortality remain high, necessitating the exploration of safer and more effective therapies, including the potential benefits of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for improving kidney health and survival rates.

Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed with SLE with catastrophic illness certificate were retrospectively enrolled from CGRD between 2005 and 2020.

Enforcement of stem-cell dormancy by nucleophosmin mutation is a critical determinant of unrestricted self-renewal during myeloid leukemogenesis.

Mutations in the NPM1 gene (NPMc+) and in the FLT3 gene (FLT3-ITD) represent the most frequent co-occurring mutations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), yet the cellular and molecular mechanisms of their cooperation remain largely unexplored. Using mouse models that faithfully recapitulate human AML, we investigated the impact of these oncogenes on pre-leukemic and leukemic hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), both separately and in combination. While both NPMc+ and Flt3-ITD promote the proliferation of pre-leukemia HSCs, only NPMc+ drives extended selfrenewal by preventing the depletion of the quiescent HSC pool.

Prevalence of co-morbid anxiety and depression in pregnancy and postpartum: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The prevalence of co-morbid anxiety and depression varies greatly between research studies, making it difficult to understand and estimate the magnitude of this problem. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to provide up-to-date information on the global prevalence of co-morbid anxiety and depression in pregnant and postpartum women and to further investigate the sources of heterogeneity. Systematic searches of eight electronic databases were conducted for original studies published from inception to December 10, 2024.