Retinoid X receptor agonist 9CDHRA mitigates retinal ganglion cell apoptosis and neuroinflammation in a mouse model of glaucoma.

Glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness, is characterized by the progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and optic nerve damage, often associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Retinoid X receptors (RXRs) are ligand-activated transcription factors crucial for neuroprotection, as they regulate gene expression to promote neuronal survival via several biochemical networks and reduce neuroinflammation. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of 9-cis-13,14-dihydroretinoic acid (9CDHRA), an endogenous retinoid RXR agonist, in mitigating RGC degeneration in a high-IOP-induced experimental model of glaucoma.

Identification and validation of transcriptome-wide association study-derived genes as potential druggable targets for osteoarthritis.

Aims: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a widespread chronic degenerative joint disease with an increasing global impact. The pathogenesis of OA involves complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Despite this, the specific genetic mechanisms underlying OA remain only partially understood, hindering the development of targeted therapeutic strategies.

Stone density can predict the number of ESWL treatments needed in patients with pancreatic duct calculi.

Objectives: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) with endotherapy (ET) is the first-line treatment in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) and main pancreatic duct stone (PDS). Our study aimed to evaluate factors that predict the outcome of ESWL in CP patients with PDS.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 166 patients with CP and radiopaque PDS.

Exploring the impact of RPN1 on tumorigenesis and immune response in cancer.

The ribophorin family, including RPN1, has been associated with tumor progression, but its specific role in pan-cancer dynamics remains unclear. Using data from TCGA, GTEx, and Ualcan databases, we investigated the relationship of RPN1 with prognosis, genomic alterations, and epigenetic modifications across various cancers. Differential analysis revealed elevated RPN1 expression in multiple cancer types, indicating a potential prognostic value.

Assessing Environmental Justice in Mexico: How Polluting Industries and Healthcare Disparities Impact Congenital Heart Defects.

Background: Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most prevalent birth defects globally and the second leading cause of death in Mexican children under five. This study examines how industrial activity and social vulnerabilities independently and jointly influence CHD incidence across 2446 Mexican municipalities from 2008 to 2019.

Methods: Using negative binomial regression models, we evaluated associations between polluting industries, healthcare access, and CHD incidence.

Perioperative Trends in Distress Among Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Distress is common among cancer patients, especially those undergoing surgery. However, no study has systematically analyzed distress trends in this population. The purpose of this study was to systematically review perioperative rates of distress, as well as differences across cancer types, in cancer patients undergoing surgical intervention.

Zinc Ion Dyshomeostasis in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with significant social, communicative, and behavioral challenges, and its prevalence is increasing globally at an alarming rate. Children with ASD often have nutritional imbalances, and multiple micronutrient deficiencies. Among these, zinc (Zn) deficiency is prominent and has gained extensive scientific interest over the past few years.

Toward predicting silver ion binding in proteins.

The binding of metal ions in proteins is often crucial for their function and hence for life. Silver is known to possess antimicrobial properties, yet little is known about the exact molecular mechanism of action. Based on the silver binding tetrapeptide moieties HXXM, and MXXH found in the silver efflux pump protein SilE, we studied the influence of the individual amino acids X and X and found trends that may be important in general metal ion binding in proteins.

Multi-color luminescent crystals derived from dynamic diastereomers of a perylene-substituted binaphthol derivative.

Herein, we demonstrate a novel strategy for obtaining multi-color luminescent crystals. A perylene-substituted ()-binaphthol derivative was designed, exhibiting dynamic conversion of diastereomers in solution. Crystallization of the dynamic mixture yielded three crystals with different emission colors, each having a different composition of diastereomers and solvent molecules.

Investigation of structural and dynamic properties of the Butyrophilin BTN3A1/BTN2A1 cytoplasmic complex by F solution NMR.

Butyrophilin 3A1 (BTN3A1) is an integral membrane protein capable of detecting phosphoantigens, like (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl diphosphate (HMBPP), through its internal B30.2 domain. Detection of phosphoantigens leads to interactions with butyrophilin 2A1 and the subsequent activation of γδ-T cells.

Anagen Effluvium in a Child Misusing Methotrexate: A Case Report With Dermoscopic Findings.

Anagen effluvium is a rare adverse effect of methotrexate therapy, generally associated with high-dose regimens. We report a 12-year-old girl who developed abrupt hair loss 1 week after inadvertently taking methotrexate 15 mg daily for five consecutive days (total 75 mg), without other signs of systemic toxicity. Trichoscopic examination and trichogram findings confirmed methotrexate-induced anagen effluvium, and spontaneous hair regrowth occurred after 2 months.

Associations between Ultrafine Particles and Incident Dementia in Older Adults.

Fine particulate matter (PM) is linked to dementia risk, but ultrafine particles (UFPs, <100 nm) may be even more toxic due to their distinct physicochemical properties. However, evidence on UFPs and dementia remains limited. This study assessed the association between UFP exposure and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD) among U.

Personality and Markers of Lower Extremity Function: Findings From Six Samples.

ObjectivesThis study investigated the associations between Five-Factor Model personality traits and balance impairment and lower limb strength.MethodsMiddle-aged and older adults (Age range: 34-104 years; >27,000) from six large samples from the US and England were assessed for standing balance, lower limb strength, personality traits, sociodemographic, and health-related variables.ResultsHigher extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness were related to lower balance impairment risk and better lower limb strength.

A well-defined phosphine-free metal-ligand cooperative route for -alkylation of aromatic amines activation of renewable alcohols catalyzed by NNN pincer cobalt(II) complexes.

This study presents the direct -alkylation of aromatic amines using greener primary alcohols as alkyl donors, catalyzed by base metal-derived Co(II) catalysts the borrowing hydrogen (BH) method. Two well-defined phosphine-free NNN-type pincer ligands (L1 and L2) were synthesized and utilized to prepare cobalt(II) catalysts C1 and C2. The catalysts were well characterized by UV-vis, IR, HRMS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of pyrazolo[3,4-]pyridine derivatives as dual CDK2/PIM1 inhibitors with potent anti-cancer activity and selectivity.

The discovery of novel, selective inhibitors targeting CDK2 and PIM1 kinases, which regulate cell survival, proliferation, and treatment resistance, is crucial for advancing cancer therapy. This study reports the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of three novel pyrazolo[3,4-]pyridine derivatives (), confirmed spectral analyses. These compounds were assessed for anti-cancer activity against breast, colon, liver, and cervical cancers using the MTT assay.

Mathematical analysis of long-distance polar auxin transport data of pin mutants questions the role of PIN1 as postulated in the chemi-osmotic theory.

The plant hormone auxin (Indole-3-Acetic Acid, IAA) is a key player in nearly every aspect of plant growth and development ranging from cell division and cell elongation to embryogenesis and root formation. The IAA level in specific tissues and cells is regulated by synthesis, conjugation, degradation and transport. Especially long-range polar auxin transport (PAT) has been the subject of numerous studies.

Impact of a Multiplex PCR Assay for Rapid Diagnosis and Antibiotic Utilization in Trauma Intensive Care Unit Patients with Ventilator-Acquired Pneumonia.

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a frequent complication in injured patients. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) facilitates rapid identification of many respiratory pathogens prior to formal culture results. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of multiplex PCR implementation in a trauma intensive care unit (TICU) on antibiotic utilization and de-escalation.

Understanding Personalized Dynamics in Eating Disorders: A Dynamic Time Warp Analysis.

Objective: To enhance our understanding of the processes of change and the interaction of symptoms, we applied a relatively novel method known as Dynamic Time Warp to data from low-threshold internet-based interventions directed at decreasing eating disorder (ED) symptoms and increasing help-seeking.

Method: Utilizing data from the Featback study, we examined how various factors such as ED psychopathology, binge eating, vomiting, laxative use, BMI, anxiety, depression, self-efficacy, social support, well-being, and health-related quality of life interplayed over a period of 14 months among 355 individuals at six different time points. Moreover, we explored which symptoms exerted a significant temporal relationship on others (with high out-strength) and which were most affected by other symptoms (with high in-strength).

Effects of Complex I Inhibition on the Architecture of Neural Rosettes Differentiated from Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Orchestrated changes in cell arrangements and cell-to-cell contacts are susceptible to cellular stressors during central nervous system development. Effects of mitochondrial complex I inhibition on cell-to-cell contacts have been studied in vascular and intestinal structures; however, its effects on developing neuronal cells are largely unknown. We investigated the effects of the classical mitochondrial stressor and complex I inhibitor, rotenone, on the architecture of neural rosettes-radially organized neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs)-differentiated from human-induced pluripotent stem cells.

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Combinations of Its Components: Findings from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2021.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clinical construct that conglomerates risk factors interconnected with cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. More than a thousand million individuals in the world were diagnosed with MetS in 2018. Our objective was to examine the prevalence of MetS and its components among Mexican adults.

Developing and Implementing a Colorectal Cancer Screening Program in Uganda: Stakeholder Perceived Barriers and Opportunities.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is increasing in Uganda. Despite this, and the disproportionately high burden of early onset and late-stage CRC cases, no CRC screening program exists in Uganda. To guide and inform future CRC prevention efforts, interviews with key stakeholders were undertaken to better understand the perceived barriers and opportunities relevant to the development and implementation of a CRC screening program in Uganda.

Availability, Participation, and Interest in Workplace Wellness Programs for Head Start Educators.

Head Start (HS) is the largest federally funded early childhood education program in the United States. It prepares children socially, emotionally, and academically and sets the foundation for school readiness and academic success. In 2024, the Head Start Program Performance Standards were updated to provide enhanced support and workforce stability, including improvements in health and wellness.

Dual Functional Electroconductive Biofortified Electrospun Scaffold Functionalized With MWCNTs and Bacopa Monnieri for Accelerated Peripheral Nerve Regeneration.

Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) often lead to semi or complete loss of motor, sensory and autonomic functions. Although autografts are still the best option for PNI repair, their use is restricted due to the morbidity and availability of donor nerves. Because electrospun scaffolds may replicate the structure of native extracellular matrix (ECM), they provide a viable alternative.

Risk Prediction Models for Stress Urinary Incontinence in Pregnant and Postpartum Women: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal.

Background: Many studies have developed or validated prediction models to estimate the risk of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in pregnant and postpartum women, but the quality of the model development and model applicability remains unknown.

Objectives: To systematically review and critically evaluate currently available prediction models for SUI in pregnant and postpartum women.

Search Strategy: Cochrane Library, EBSCO, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Chinese CNKI, Wanfang and VIP databases were searched from inception until February 2024.