Measuring the association between diagnostic errors and neighborhood disadvantage.

Patients who reside in areas of high neighborhood disadvantage have poorer health outcomes; the mechanisms for this disparity are complex. We sought to determine if there was an association between neighborhood disadvantage and diagnostic error among a cohort of adult inpatients who experienced either an ICU transfer or in-hospital death. Using a sample of 527 patients from seven geographically diverse academic medical systems, we compared diagnostic error rates to patients' neighborhood disadvantage levels as measured by the Area Deprivation Index, a validated composite measure of socioeconomic status.

A Multidisciplinary Approach That Considers Occurrence, Geochemistry, Bioavailability, and Toxicity to Prioritize Critical Minerals for Environmental Research.

Critical minerals (or critical elements) are minerals or elements that are essential to global security and development and have supply chains vulnerable to disruption. In general, knowledge of the environmental behavior and health effects of critical elements is needed to support the development of safe and environmentally responsible supplies. This knowledge includes identifying potential consequences of increased critical element production and use, alternative critical element sources such as mine wastes, and adverse effects of critical elements on ecosystem condition and organismal health.

Cardiovascular disease in adults with osteogenesis imperfecta: Clinical characteristics, care recommendations and research priorities identified using a modified Delphi technique.

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a multisystem disorder most often caused by pathogenic variants in genes that encode type I collagen. Type I collagen is abundant not only in bone but also in multiple tissues including skin, tendons, cornea, blood vessels and heart. Thus, OI can be expected to affect cardiovascular system, and there are numerous reports of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in people with OI.

Novel Method for Measuring Ambient Heat Exposure-Acute Healthcare Utilization Associations Within a Safety Net: A Retrospective, Longitudinal Study.

Background: Extreme and inequitable heat exposures cause weather-related deaths. Associations between maximum daily temperature and individual-level healthcare utilization have been inadequately characterized.

Objective: To evaluate and compare demographic and clinical associations for an individual's healthcare utilization between high- and low-temperature periods.

Virtual reality anatomy trainer turns teaching endobronchial ultrasound inside-out.

Background: Traditional approaches for learning anatomy for curvilinear endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) require learners to mentally visualize structures relative to the position of the bronchoscope. Virtual reality (VR) can demonstrate anatomy from the perspective of bronchoscopic tools.

Research Question: Does the use of a VR anatomy trainer for teaching EBUS-associated anatomy improve procedural performance compared to traditional methods?

Study Design And Methods: In this randomized, cross-over study design, subjects studied EBUS-related anatomy during two sequential sessions using a VR trainer and a traditional modality (two-dimensional pictures (2D) or a three-dimensional model (3D)).

Off-console automated artificial intelligence enhanced workflow enables improved emergency department CT capacity.

Purpose: Increasing CT capacity to keep pace with rising ED demand is critical. The conventional process has inherent drawbacks. We evaluated an off-console automated AI enhanced workflow which moves all final series creation off-console.

Evolution of whole blood trauma resuscitation in childbearing age females: practice patterns and trends.

Background: The use of low titer group O whole blood (LTOWB) for resuscitation of patients with traumatic hemorrhage is becoming increasingly common. Practices regarding the administration of RhD-positive LTOWB to childbearing age females (CBAFs) vary between institutions due to concerns about RhD alloimmunization. This study examined practices related to LTOWB transfusion as they pertain to age and sex.

Alternative splicing induces sample-level variation in gene-gene correlations.

Background: The vast majority of genes in the genome are multi-exonic, and are alternatively spliced during transcription, resulting in multiple isoforms for each gene. For some genes, different mRNA isoforms may have differential expression levels or be involved in different pathways. Bulk tissue RNA-seq, as a widely used technology for transcriptome quantification, measures the total expression (TE) levels of each gene across multiple isoforms in multiple cell types for each tissue sample.

Toward Evidence-based Recommendations for Laboratory Monitoring for Adolescents and Adults on Antiretroviral Therapy.

We reviewed prominent national and international guidelines to compare recommendations for laboratory monitoring for persons on antiretroviral therapy. The United States Department of Health and Human Services guidelines recommend more frequent CD4 count, viral load, hematologic, renal, and liver tests than other guidelines. To evaluate the evidence base for these recommendations, we reviewed phase 3 trials of currently recommended antiretroviral regimens and large cohort studies.

The Use of Automated Insulin Delivery around Physical Activity and Exercise in Type 1 Diabetes: A Position Statement of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD).

Regular physical activity and exercise (PA) are cornerstones of diabetes care for individuals with type 1 diabetes. In recent years, the availability of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems has improved the ability of people with type 1 diabetes to achieve the recommended glucose target ranges. PA provides additional health benefits but can cause glucose fluctuations, which challenges current AID systems.

The use of automated insulin delivery around physical activity and exercise in type 1 diabetes: a position statement of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD).

Regular physical activity and exercise (PA) are cornerstones of diabetes care for individuals with type 1 diabetes. In recent years, the availability of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems has improved the ability of people with type 1 diabetes to achieve the recommended glucose target ranges. PA provide additional health benefits but can cause glucose fluctuations, which challenges current AID systems.

The Prevalence of Sickle Cell Disease in Colorado and Methodologies of the Colorado Sickle Cell Data Collection Program: Public Health Surveillance Study.

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic blood disorder that affects approximately 100,000 individuals in the United States, with the highest prevalence among Black or African American populations. While advances in care have improved survival, comprehensive state-level data on the prevalence of SCD remain limited, which hampers efforts to optimize health care services. To address this gap, the Colorado Sickle Cell Data Collection (CO-SCDC) program was established in 2021 as part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's initiative to enhance surveillance and public health efforts for SCD.

Prevalence and Outcomes of Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Pruritus: International Results from Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study.

Key Points: CKD-associated pruritus is highly prevalent among peritoneal dialysis patients. Pruritus is associated with reduced health-related quality of life, and the composite of mortality and transfer to hemodialysis for peritoneal dialysis patients. Efforts to better identify and manage pruritus in this population are needed.

Efficacy and Safety of Repeat Per-oral Endoscopic Myotomy After Failed POEM for Achalasia: A Systematic Review and meta-analysis.

Background: Per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is an effective option for treating achalasia. Despite its high efficacy, a fraction of patients remain symptomatic after POEM, and the data on the optimal management of these patients is limited. Few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of repeat POEM after a failed POEM.

Knowledge of and access to contraceptive information and services among teenagers with child welfare involvement: A descriptive study across the transition to high school.

Despite disproportionate rates of childbearing among youth with child welfare involvement, few studies have examined whether this population receives contraceptive information and knows how to access services. This longitudinal study examines responses from 245 youth with child welfare involvement (i.e.

Association between precipitation events, drought, and animal operations with infections in the Southwest US, 2009-2021.

Background: Temperature and precipitation have previously been associated with infections. The association between salmonellosis and precipitation might be explained by antecedent drought conditions; however, few studies have explored this effect.

Methods: Using an ecological study design with public health surveillance, meteorological (total precipitation [inches], temperature [average °F], Palmer Drought Severity Index [PDSI, category]), and livestock data we explored the association between precipitation and infections reported in 127/141 counties from 2009 to 2021 in the Southwest, US and determined how this association was modified by antecedent drought.

Error rates of data processing methods in clinical research: A systematic review and meta-analysis of manuscripts identified through PubMed.

Background: In clinical research, prevention of data errors is paramount to ensuring reproducibility of trial results and the safety and efficacy of the resulting interventions. Over the last 40 years, empirical assessments of data accuracy in clinical research have been reported, however, there has been little systematic synthesis of these results. Although notable exceptions exist, little evidence exists regarding the relative accuracy of different data processing methods.

Pragmatic evaluation of point of care lung ultrasound for the triage of COVID-19 patients using a simple scoring matrix: Intraclass-classification and predictive value.

Background: The value of routine bedside lung ultrasound (LUS) for predicting patient disposition during visits to the Emergency Department (ED) is difficult to quantify. We hypothesized that a simplified scoring of bedside-acquired LUS images for the triage of acute respiratory symptoms in the ED would be associated with patient disposition.

Methods: For this observational pragmatic study, we reviewed prospectively-collected bedside LUS images from patients presenting to the ED with acute respiratory symptoms.

BNC210, an α7 Nicotinic Receptor Modulator, in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious, debilitating, and prevalent psychiatric condition occurring in people who are traumatized and experience intense, disturbing thoughts and feelings that persist. BNC210 is a novel α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-negative allosteric modulator developed to treat PTSD.

Methods: ATTUNE was a randomized, double-blind, phase 2b, placebo-controlled trial.