Speech rate and fluency in children with phonological disorder.

Purpose: To identify and describe the speech rate and fluency of children with phonological disorder (PD) with and without speech-language therapy.

Methods: Thirty children, aged 5-8 years old, both genders, were divided into three groups: experimental group 1 (G1) — 10 children with PD in intervention; experimental group 2 (G2) — 10 children with PD without intervention; and control group (CG) — 10 children with typical development. Speech samples were collected and analyzed according to parameters of specific protocol.

Pulp tissue response to Portland cement associated with different radio pacifying agents on pulpotomy of human primary molars.

The objective of this research was to evaluate the response of Portland cement associated with different radio pacifying agents on pulp treatment of human primary teeth by clinical and radiographic exams and microscopic analysis. Thirty mandibular primary molars were randomly divided into the following groups: Group I - Portland cement; Group II - Portland cement with iodoform (Portland cement + CHI3 ); Group III - Portland cement with zirconium oxide (Portland cement + ZrO2 ); and treated by pulpotomy technique (removal of a portion of the pulp aiming to maintain the vitally of the remaining radicular pulp tissue using a therapeutic dressing). Clinical and radiographic evaluations were recorded at 6, 12 and 24 months follow-up.

Frequency Modulation System and speech perception in the classroom: a systematic literature review.

Purpose: This review aimed at presenting the benefits regarding the speech perception in noise shown by children who wear hearing aid devices and/or cochlear implants with the Frequency Modulation (FM) System at school.

Research Strategy: A bibliographic survey was conducted in an electronic database with standardized search until the year 2012, and a manual search was performed by using specific keywords.

Selection Criteria: For the selection and evaluation of the scientific studies chosen in the search, criteria were established covering the following aspects: type of study, participants, adopted intervention, and evaluation of results.

Acoustic reflex on newborns: the influence of the 226 and 1,000 Hz probes.

Purpose: To analyze the occurrence of acoustic reflex and its threshold on newborns using the 226 and 1,000 Hz probes.

Methods: Thirty-six newborns with "PASS" results in newborn hearing screening and tympanogram with one or two peaks for both probe tones were included. Group I comprised 20 full-term newborns without risk indicator for hearing loss, and Group II comprised 16 newborns with at least one risk indicator.

Three-dimensional digital evaluation of dental arches in infants with cleft lip and/or palate.

The aim of this study was to measure and compare the dimensions of the dental arches on three-dimensional digital study models in children with and without cleft lip and palate before the primary surgery. The sample consisted of 223 digital models of children aged 3-9 months, divided into 5 groups: without craniofacial deformities, unilateral and bilateral incomplete cleft lip and alveolus, unilateral and bilateral complete cleft lip and alveolus, unilateral cleft lip and palate, and bilateral cleft lip and palate. Dental casts of the maxillary dental arches of the children were used.

Comparison of students from private and public schools on the spelling performance.

Objective: To compare the spelling ability of schoolchildren from the fourth to sixth grades of the elementary schools in the private and public schools of Bauru, São Paulo, and to verify whether errors are overcome as studies progress and the hierarchy of errors as to how often they occur.

Methods: A dictation was applied to 384 schoolchildren: 206 from the private schools: 74 were at the fourth grade, 65 at the fifth grade, and 67 at the sixth grade; and 178 from the public schools; 56 at the fourth grade, 63 at the fifth grade, and 59 at the sixth grade of elementary school. Student's t test was used.

The effect of radiopacifiers agents on pH, calcium release, radiopacity, and antimicrobial properties of different calcium hydroxide dressings.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, pH level, calcium ion release, and radiopacity of calcium hydroxide pastes associated with three radiopacifying agents (iodoform, zinc oxide, and barium sulfate). For the pH and calcium release tests, 45 acrylic teeth were utilized and immersed in ultrapure water. After 24 h, 72 h, and 7 days the solution was analyzed by using a pH meter and an atomic absorption spectrophotometer.

CO₂ laser emission modes to control enamel erosion.

Considering the importance and prevalence of dental erosion, the aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of different modes of pulse emission of CO2 laser associated or not to acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) 1.23% gel, in controlling enamel erosion by profilometry. Ninety-six fragments of bovine enamel were flattened and polished, and the specimens were subjected to initial erosive challenge with hydrochloric acid (pH = 2).

Dental discoloration caused by bismuth oxide in MTA in the presence of sodium hypochlorite.

Objectives: The aim of this research was to analyse the dental discolouration caused by mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) induced by bismuth oxide and also assess the colour stability of other dental cements.

Materials And Methods: Bismuth oxide, calcium tungstate and zirconium oxide were placed in contact with sodium hypochlorite for 24 h after which they were dried and photographed. Phase analyses were performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) of radiopacifiers before and after immersion in sodium hypochlorite.

Munich Music Questionnaire: adaptation into Brazilian Portuguese and application in cochlear implant users.

Purpose: To translate the Munich Music Questionnaire (MUMU) to Brazilian Portuguese, to adapt it culturally, and to describe the results obtained among adult users of cochlear implant (CI).

Methods: We translated the questionnaire to Brazilian Portuguese, reviewed the grammatical and idiomatic equivalences (back-translation), and adapted it from a linguistic and cultural perspective. The resulting version of this process was applied among adult CI users through direct interviews.

Global developmental abilities of cochlear implanted children with spastic cerebral palsy: two experimental groups.

Purpose: To analyze gross motor, fine motor-adaptive, language, social function performance, and communicative behaviors among cochlear-implanted children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) and children with CP without hearing loss (HL) and to compare them with children with normal development.

Methods: Prospective cross-sectional study involving 12 children with mean age of 63 months, distributed into two experimental groups: G1-4 children with CP and cochlear implant (CI) users and G2-4 children with CP without HL. A third group (G3) was the control group with four typically developing children.

Chemical characterization and bioactivity of epoxy resin and Portland cement-based sealers with niobium and zirconium oxide radiopacifiers.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to characterize and to evaluate the bioactivity potential of experimental root canal sealers (ES) based on Portland cement, epoxy resin with nano- and micro-particles of niobium or zirconium oxide used as radiopacifiers in comparison to AH Plus and MTA Fillapex.

Methods: Specimens of the sealers (10 mm in diameter×1 mm thick) were prepared and the radiopacity was evaluated according to ISO 6876 (2012) specifications. Characterization of the sealers was performed under the scanning electron microscope (SEM) immediately after setting and after immersion for 28 days in Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS).

Etidronate causes minimal changes in the ability of sodium hypochlorite to dissolve organic matter.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of individual and combined use of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), etidronate (HEDP) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in tissue dissolution.

Methodology: Sixty fragments of bovine muscle tissue were prepared and their weights determined on a precision scale. The samples were then distributed in the following groups (n = 10): G1 - saline solution (control); G2 - 17% EDTA; G3 - 18% HEDP; G4 - 2.

Biofilm removal by 6% sodium hypochlorite activated by different irrigation techniques.

Aim: To compare the removal of biofilm utilizing four irrigation techniques on a bovine root canal model.

Methodology: Fifty dentine specimens (2 × 2 mm) were infected with biofilm. The samples were then adapted to previously created cavities in the bovine model.

Does the Relationship between Retained Mandibular Third Molar and Mandibular Angle Fracture Exist? An Assessment of Three Possible Causes.

The objective of this study is to discuss problems associated with dental retention through three clinical cases of mandible fractures related to the presence of retained lower third molars, emphasizing the possibility of mandible fractures resulting from this or from the extraction procedure. The three evaluated patients had a fracture in the mandible angle. The third molars were present in all the cases, as was the relationship of the fracture with the teeth.

Antimicrobial activity of triantibiotic paste, 2% chlorhexidine gel, and calcium hydroxide on an intraoral-infected dentin biofilm model.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of calcium hydroxide, 2% chlorhexidine gel, and triantibiotic paste (ie, metronidazole, minocycline, and ciprofloxacin) by using an intraorally infected dentin biofilm model.

Methods: Forty bovine dentin specimens were infected intraorally using a removable orthodontic device in order to induce the biofilm colonization of the dentin. Then, the samples were treated with the medications for 7 days.

Evaluation of the propylene glycol association on some physical and chemical properties of mineral trioxide aggregate.

Aim: To evaluate the influence of propylene glycol (PG) on the flowability, setting time, pH and calcium ion release of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA).

Methodology: Mineral trioxide aggregate was mixed with different proportions of PG, as follows: group 1: MTA + 100% distilled water (DW); group 2: MTA + 80% DW and 20% PG; group 3: MTA + 50% DW and 50% PG; group 4: MTA + 20% DW and 80% PG; group 5: MTA + 100% PG. The ANSI/ADA No.

Quality of life in elderly adults before and after hearing aid fitting.

Unlabelled: Presbycusis is a common disorder in the elderly, which causes hearing loss and may contribute to the development of some psychiatric disorders, leading to isolation due to communication difficulties in the social environment.

Objective: To identify through the WHOQOL (World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire), the quality of life of hearing impaired individuals before and after hearing aid fittings.

Method: We had 30 individuals with hearing loss, all over 60 years of age - patients from a Speech Therapy Clinic.

The antimicrobial effect of new and conventional endodontic irrigants on intra-orally infected dentin.

Objectives: To evaluate if the incorporation of antimicrobial compounds to chelating agents or the use of chelating agents with antimicrobial activity as 7% maleic acid and peracetic acid show similar disinfection ability in comparison to conventional irrigants as sodium hypochlorite or iodine potassium iodide against biofilms developed on dentin.

Materials And Methods: The total bio-volume of live cells, the ratio of live cells and the substratum coverage of dentin infected intra-orally and treated with the irrigant solutions: MTAD, Qmix, Smear Clear, 7% maleic acid, 2% iodine potassium iodide, 4% peracetic acid, 2.5% and 5.

Effect of ultrasonic activation on pH and calcium released by calcium hydroxide pastes in simulated external root resorption.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of ultrasonic activation of calcium hydroxide (CH) pastes on pH and calcium release in simulated external root resorptions.

Methods: Forty-six bovine incisors had their canals cleaned and instrumented, and defects were created in the external middle third of the roots, which were then used for the study. The teeth were externally made impermeable, except for the defected area, and divided into the following 4 groups containing 10 samples each according to the CH paste and the use or not of the ultrasonic activation: group 1: propylene glycol without ultrasonic activation, group 2: distilled water without ultrasonic activation, group 3: propylene glycol with ultrasonic activation, and group 4: distilled water with ultrasonic activation.

Effect of different radiopacifying agents on the physicochemical properties of white Portland cement and white mineral trioxide aggregate.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the pH, calcium ion release, setting time, and solubility of white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) and white Portland cement (WPC) combined with the following radiopacifying agents: bismuth oxide (BO), calcium tungstate (CT), and zirconium oxide (ZO).

Methods: Fifty acrylic teeth with root-end filling material were immersed in ultrapure water for measurement of pH and calcium release (atomic absorption spectrophotometry) at 3, 24, 72, and 168 hours. For evaluation of setting time, each material was analyzed according to the American Society for Testing and Materials guidelines 266/08.

Antimicrobial effect of endodontic solutions used as final irrigants on a dentine biofilm model.

Aim: To evaluate the residual biovolume of live bacterial cells, the mean biofilm thickness and the substratum coverage found in mixed biofilms treated with different endodontic irrigant solutions.

Methodology: Twenty-five bovine dentine specimens were infected intraorally using a removable orthodontic device. Five samples were used for each irrigant solution: 2% chlorhexidine, 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 10% citric acid, 17% EDTA and distilled water.

Biofilm dissolution and cleaning ability of different irrigant solutions on intraorally infected dentin.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the biofilm dissolution and cleaning ability of different irrigant solutions on intraorally infected dentin.

Methods: One hundred twenty bovine dentin specimens were infected intraorally by using a removable orthodontic device. Thirty samples were used for each irrigant solution: 2% chlorhexidine and 1%, 2.

The influence of cone-beam computed tomography and periapical radiographic evaluation on the assessment of periapical bone destruction in dog's teeth.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of periapical radiographs, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) sections, and cone beam volumetric data on the determination of periapical bone destruction in endodontically treated distal root canals of premolar canine teeth. Nontreated mesial roots were used as controls.

Study Design: Enterococcus faecalis strain (ATCC 29212) was inoculated into 30 root canals of 2 mongrel dogs to induce apical periodontitis.

Heat release, time required, and cleaning ability of MTwo R and ProTaper universal retreatment systems in the removal of filling material.

Introduction: This ex vivo study evaluated the heat release, time required, and cleaning efficacy of MTwo (VDW, Munich, Germany) and ProTaper Universal Retreatment systems (Dentsply/Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and hand instrumentation in the removal of filling material.

Methods: Sixty single-rooted human teeth with a single straight canal were obturated with gutta-percha and zinc oxide and eugenol-based cement and randomly allocated to 3 groups (n = 20). After 30-day storage at 37 °C and 100% humidity, the root fillings were removed using ProTaper UR, MTwo R, or hand files.