The concept of cone opponency may extend beyond accommodation, to myopiagenesis and emmetropization, for a better peripheral defocus lens.

Myopia has ever-rising prevalence in the past few decades globally. Its pathogenesis is still not adequately elucidated especially at the signal transduction level. For the environmental risk factors, there is a large body of fragmented knowledge about the visual inputs for accommodation, myopiagenesis and emmetropization, with the latter two being essentially local processes.

Generation of two isogenic human iPSC lines (ZIPi013-B-1, ZIPi013-B-2) carrying a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of TRPM4.

Two isogenic hiPSC lines, ZIPi013-B-1 and ZIPi013-B-2, were generated by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated indels in the TRPM4 gene of the previously published ZIPi013-B. TRPM4 belongs to the evolutionarily conserved family of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. It is expressed ubiquitously and its activity is regulated by intracellular calcium binding, changes in membrane potential, phosphoinositide lipids in the plasma membrane and the local concentration of cytoplasmic ATP and ADP.

Latest developments of generative artificial intelligence and applications in ophthalmology.

The emergence of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized various fields. In ophthalmology, generative AI has the potential to enhance efficiency, accuracy, personalization and innovation in clinical practice and medical research, through processing data, streamlining medical documentation, facilitating patient-doctor communication, aiding in clinical decision-making, and simulating clinical trials. This review focuses on the development and integration of generative AI models into clinical workflows and scientific research of ophthalmology.

Effects of N361 Glycosylation on Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Biological Function.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase that is frequently modified by glycosylation post-translationally. In cancer, EGFR amplifications and hotspot mutations such as L858R that promote proliferation have been detected in a significant fraction of non-small cell lung carcinomas and breast adenocarcinomas. Molecular dynamic simulations suggested that glycosylation at asparagine residue 361 (N361) promotes dimerization and ligand binding.

Effect of intraocular pressure reduction on progressive high myopia (PHM study): study protocol of a randomised controlled trial.

Background: In adult patients with high myopia (HM), progressive axial elongation poses a significant risk for the development of subsequent ocular complications that may lead to visual impairment. Effective strategies to reduce or prevent further axial elongation in highly myopic adult patients have not been available so far. Recent studies suggested that medically lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) may reduce axial elongation.

Efficacy and Safety of Surgical Peripheral Iridectomy, Goniosynechialysis, and Goniotomy for Advanced Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma Without Cataract: 1-Year Results of a Multicenter Study.

Prcis: The combination of surgical peripheral iridectomy, goniosynechialysis, and goniotomy is a safe and effective surgical approach for advanced primary angle closure glaucoma without cataract.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of surgical peripheral iridectomy (SPI), goniosynechialysis (GSL), and goniotomy (GT) in advanced primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) eyes without cataract.

Patients And Methods: A prospective multicenter observational study was performed for patients who underwent combined SPI, GSL, and GT for advanced PACG without cataract.

Genetic association of TIE2 with diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema.

Purpose: To evaluate the associations of the TIE2 gene with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods: This study included a Chinese cohort of 285 non-proliferative DR patients and 433 healthy controls. The DR patients were classified further into those with or without DME.

Cadherin-17 as a target for the immunoPET of adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Cadherin-17 (CDH17) is a calcium-dependent cell adhesion protein that is overexpressed in several adenocarcinomas, including gastric, colorectal, and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. High levels of CDH17 have been linked to metastatic disease and poor prognoses in patients with these malignancies, fueling interest in the protein as a target for diagnostics and therapeutics. Herein, we report the synthesis, in vitro validation, and in vivo evaluation of a CDH17-targeted Zr-labeled immunoPET probe.

Phacogoniotomy versus phacotrabeculectomy for advanced primary angle-closure glaucoma with cataract: A randomized non-inferiority trial.

Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of phacogoniotomy versus phacotrabeculectomy (PVP) among patients with advanced primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and cataracts.

Design: Multicenter, randomized controlled, non-inferiority trial.

Methods: A total of 124 patients (124 eyes) with advanced PACG and cataracts were enrolled, with 65 in the phacogoniotomy group and 59 in the phacotrabeculectomy group.

Update on coronavirus disease 2019: Ophthalmic Manifestations and Adverse Reactions to Vaccination.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was one of the most devastating public health issues in recent decades. The ophthalmology community is as concerned about the COVID-19 pandemic as the global public health community is, as COVID-19 was recognized to affect multiple organs in the human body, including the eyes, early in the course of the outbreak. Ophthalmic manifestations of COVID-19 are highly variable and could range from mild ocular surface abnormalities to potentially sight and life-threatening orbital and neuro-ophthalmic diseases.

Optic Nerve Head Abnormalities in Nonpathologic High Myopia and the Relationship With Visual Field.

Purpose: To describe the optic nerve head (ONH) abnormalities in nonpathologic highly myopic eyes based on swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) and the relationship with visual field (VF).

Design: Secondary analysis from a longitudinal cohort study.

Methods: Highly myopic patients without myopic maculopathy of category 2 or higher were enrolled.

Outcomes of Goniotomy With or Without Secondary Intraocular Lens Implantation in Pediatric Glaucoma Following Cataract Surgery: A Prospective Pilot Study.

Purpose: To report the outcomes of a 120-degree goniotomy (GT) with or without secondary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in glaucoma following cataract surgery (GFCS).

Design: Prospective, observational study.

Methods: Pediatric patients with GFCS who underwent standalone 120-degree GT or 120-degree GT combined with secondary IOL implantation (GT+IOL) from March 2022 to August 2022 at the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center were recruited.

Influence of Goniotomy Size on Treatment Safety and Efficacy for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Multicenter Study.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and safety of 120-, 240-, and 360-degree goniotomy (GT) with or without phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation (PEI) for patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Design: Multicenter, retrospective, comparative, nonrandomized interventional study.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with POAG who underwent GT with or without PEI were included, and divided into 6 groups: 1) standalone 120-degree GT (120GT); 2) standalone 240-degree GT (240GT); 3) standalone 360-degree GT (360GT); 4) PEI + 120GT; 5) PEI + 240GT; and 6) PEI + 360GT.

Outcomes of Partial Versus Complete Goniotomy With or Without Phacoemulsification for Primary Open Angle Glaucoma: A Multicenter Study.

Prcis: Goniotomy (GT) 120 degrees with or without phacoemulsification was sufficient to lower the intraocular pressure (IOP) and reduce hyphema for primary open angle glaucoma.

Purpose: To compare the surgical outcomes and safety profiles of 120 degrees and 360 degrees GT with or without phacoemulsification cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation (PEI) for primary open angle glaucoma.

Patients And Methods: This multicenter retrospective study consisted of 139 eyes and was divided into 4 groups: (1) 120 degrees GT, (2) 360 degrees GT, (3) PEI + 120 degrees GT, and (4) PEI + 360 degrees GT.

Review on the Safety and Efficacy of Brolucizumab for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration From Major Studies and Real-World Data.

Frequent antivascular endothelial growth factor injections in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) often lead to poor compliance and suboptimal outcomes. A longer-acting agent has been a pressing unmet need until recently. Brolucizumab, an antivascular endothelial growth factor agent, is a single-chain antibody fragment approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on October 8, 2019, for treating nAMD.