Trajectories of Change, Illness Understanding, and Parental Worries in Children and Adolescents Undergoing Internet-Delivered Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders: Protocol for a Single-Case Design and Explorative Pilot Study.

Background: Functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs) are common in young people and are characterized by persistent or recurrent abdominal symptoms without apparent structural or biochemical abnormalities. FAPDs are associated with diminished quality of life, school absence, increased health care use, and comorbid anxiety and depression. Exposure-based internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) has demonstrated efficacy in alleviating abdominal symptoms and improving quality of life.

Four novel nontuberculous mycobacteria species: sp. nov., sp. nov., sp. nov. and sp. nov. revived from a historical Danish strain collection.

Four novel nontuberculous mycobacteria were discovered from a historical strain collection at the International Reference Laboratory of Mycobacteriology at Statens Serum Institut in Copenhagen, Denmark. Phylogenetic analysis combining the 16S , internal transcribed spacer and 23S elements, as well as a single-copy core-gene (, , and ) analysis of these freeze-dried mycobacteria, clinically isolated from gastric lavage samples between 1948 and 1955, showed to be associated with type strains grouping within the Terra and Fortuitum-Vaccae clade. Phenotypic characteristics, biochemical properties and fatty acid and mycolic acid profiles supported the classification as novel strains.

"Hot Tongue and Mouth" on 18F-FDG PET/CT Due to Buccolingual Masticatory Syndrome, Caused by Metoclopramide Antiemetic Treatment.

We present a case of a 66-year-old man, where 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed intense FDG uptake in the tongue, lips, cheeks, and chewing musculature and distinct activation of the somatosensory and motor cortex corresponding to the mouth and tongue. The patient suffered from buccolingual masticatory syndrome, characterized by tardive dyskinesia, meaning uncontrollable, repetitive movements of the tongue, lips, cheeks, and masticatory musculature. In this case, the buccolingual masticatory syndrome was caused by metoclopramide antiemetic treatment.

Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1 interacts with Zika virus NS5 and promotes viral replication in the infected cell.

Translation errors, impaired folding or environmental stressors (e.g. infection) can all lead to an increase in the presence of misfolded proteins.

Can home care work be organized to promote musculoskeletal health for workers? Results from the GoldiCare cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: Workers in home care have high sick leave rates, predominantly because of musculoskeletal pain. The Goldilocks Work Principle proposes that health should be promoted by a "just right" composition of work tasks. Weekly workloads differ substantially between home care workers, suggesting that certain workers may have workloads that are too high, impacting their musculoskeletal health.

The effectiveness of coercive measures in motivating vaccination: Evidence from China during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Governments worldwide have implemented mandates, restrictions, and other coercive measures to secure adequate vaccine coverage, with the COVID-19 pandemic providing numerous examples. While the ethics and public reception of such measures are matters of heated discussion, their effectiveness in motivating individuals to get vaccinated remains incompletely understood. This study addresses that gap by analyzing data from a 2022 nationwide online survey conducted in China.

The effects of recent stressful life events on outcomes in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis: results from the longitudinal EU-GEI high-risk study.

Background: Recent stressful life events (SLE) are a risk factor for psychosis, but limited research has explored how SLEs affect individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. The current study investigated the longitudinal effects of SLEs on functioning and symptom severity in CHR individuals, where we hypothesized CHR would report more SLEs than healthy controls (HC), and SLEs would be associated with poorer outcomes.

Methods: The study used longitudinal data from the EU-GEI High Risk study.

Carbohydrate conversion in spent coffee grounds: pretreatment strategies and novel enzymatic cocktail to produce value-added saccharides and prebiotic mannooligosaccharides.

Background: Spent coffee grounds (SCG) are the most abundant waste byproducts generated from coffee beverage production worldwide. Typically, these grounds are seen as waste and end up in landfills. However, SCG contain valuable compounds that can be valorized and used in different applications.

Clinical management of female patients with Fabry disease based on expert consensus.

Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder that causes accumulation of glycosphingolipids in body tissues and fluids, leading to progressive organ damage and life-threatening complications. It can affect both males and females and can be classified into classic or later-onset phenotypes. The disease severity in females ranges from asymptomatic to the more severe, classic phenotype.

The Meaning of Friendships in the Mental Health Recovery of Young Adults-A Thematic Analysis.

Friendships are vital for the well-being of young adults, yet their social network is often reduced during episodes of life-disruptive mental distress, such as psychosis. Despite this, our study shows that young adults do either maintain or build friendships during such periods and that these relationships are crucial for recovery in youth. As research on the role of friendships in the recovery journey of this group is limited, this study explores the significance of friendships for young adults engaged in early psychosis interventions to generate insights that can inform mental health recovery practices.

The significance of DNA methylation of the gene encoding the glucocorticoid receptor for developing resilience in individuals exposed to early life stress.

Purpose: To analyze and interpret why some individuals are resilient to ELS while others are susceptible, resulting in psychiatric outcome later in life, with a focus on the role of DNAm of the gene as a mediating mechanism between ELS and the risk of psychiatric outcomes. We hypothesized that a high level of mental resilience to ELS, expressed as lower incidence of psychiatric outcomes, was associated with attenuated DNAm levels.

Materials And Methods: The first authors conducted a systematic search on PubMed to identify primary research studies.

The prognostic value of neurohormonal and inflammatory biomarkers in addition to the TIMI risk score in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Background: The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) risk score estimates mortality for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study aimed to investigate whether biomarkers reflecting the neurohormonal response (pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (proANP), mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM), and copeptin), inflammation (suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2), C-reactive protein (CRP), and leukocytes), and troponin add prognostic value to the TIMI risk score.

Methods: This sub-study of the prospective PREDICT cohort included 1700 non-comatose and non-cardiogenic shock STEMI patients upon admission.

Molecularly redefining small bowel adenocarcinoma to accelerate precision patient care - protocol of a multicenter observational cohort biomarker study.

Background: Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma (SBA) is a rare gastrointestinal cancer with a limited understanding of the molecular pathology. This study aims to bridge the knowledge gap, providing a robust molecular foundation for SBA and addressing the clinical challenges inherent in treating this orphan disease. The study proposes to redefine the clinical management for SBA patients through advanced molecular profiling techniques to improve potential precision medicine.

Dream Enactment Behaviour in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.

Sleep disturbances are widely reported in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Although Dream Enactment Behaviour (DEB) has long been associated with PTSD, its high prevalence has only recently been recognized, sparking discussions about the classification of trauma-related sleep disorders. The impact of DEB on treatment outcomes in PTSD remains unexplored.

Gene expression comparisons between captive and wild shrew brains reveal captivity effects.

Compared with their free-ranging counterparts, wild animals in captivity experience different conditions with lasting physiological and behavioural effects. Although shifts in gene expression are expected to occur upstream of these phenotypes, we found no previous gene expression comparisons of captive versus free-ranging mammals. We assessed gene expression profiles of three brain regions (cortex, olfactory bulb and hippocampus) of wild shrews () compared with shrews kept in captivity for two months and undertook sample dropout to examine robustness given limited sample sizes.

A modified iChip for cultivation of bacteria in arid environments.

Antimicrobial resistance is an ever-increasing problem for human health, and with only a few novel antimicrobials discovered in recent decades, an extraordinary effort is needed to circumvent this crisis. A promising source of new microbial-derived antimicrobial compounds resides in the large fraction of microbes that are not readily cultured by standard cultivation. It has previously been shown that nests of the social spider contain a diverse bacterial community, where only a small fraction of the microbes could be recovered by standard cultivation.

Usefulness of Aortic Valve Calcification in Patients With Low-Flow Aortic Stenosis.

Background: Aortic valve calcification (AVC) has been shown to be a powerful assessment of aortic stenosis (AS) severity and a predictor of adverse outcomes. However, its accuracy in patients with low-flow AS has not yet been proven. The objective of the study was to assess the predictive value of AVC in patients with classical low-flow (CLF, that is, low-flow reduced left ventricular ejection fraction) or paradoxical low-flow (PLF, that is, low-flow preserved left ventricular ejection fraction) AS.

Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Thyroid Cancer: An International Multisite Cohort Study.

Concerns have been raised that glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) may increase the risk of thyroid cancer, but evidence remains conflicting. We therefore investigated if GLP1-RA use, compared with use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is), was associated with thyroid cancer risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. This multisite cohort study with subsequent meta-analysis included six population-based databases from Canada (Ontario), Denmark, Norway, South Korea, Sweden, and Taiwan.

Bracken Fern Carcinogen, Ptaquiloside, Forms a Guanine -Adduct in DNA.

Bracken fern ( sp.) is a viable and vigorous plant with invasive potential, ingestion of which causes chronic illness and cancers in farm animals. Bracken is a suspected human carcinogen, and exposure can result from ingestion of bracken-contaminated water, dairy products, or meat derived from livestock grazing on bracken fern.

Signal Processing Workflow for Suspect Screening in LC × LC-HRMS: Efficient Extraction of Pure Mass Spectra for Identification of Suspects in Complex Samples Using a Mass Filtering Algorithm.

The data processing workflows for comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC × LC) hyphenated to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) operated in data-independent acquisition (DIA) are limited compared to their one-dimensional counterparts. A two-step workflow is proposed to extract pure mass spectra from LC × LC-HRMS. First, a mass filtering (MF) algorithm groups ions belonging to the same compound based on their elution profile similarity in the first (D) and second dimension (D).

The Nonsyndromic Ascending Thoracic Aorta in a Population-Based Setting: A 5-Year Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Prospective data on the clinical course of the ascending thoracic aorta are lacking.

Objectives: This study sought to estimate growth rates of the ascending aorta and to evaluate occurrences of adverse aortic events (AAEs)-that is, thoracic aortic ruptures, type A aortic dissections, and thoracic aortic-related deaths.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study from the population-based, multicenter, randomized DANCAVAS (Danish Cardiovascular Screening trials) I and II, participants underwent cardiovascular risk assessments including electrocardiogram-gated, noncontrast computed tomography (CT) scans.

Boosting Vaccine Research: The 16-Year Journey of TRANSVAC Vaccine Infrastructure.

TRANSVAC represents a long-running effort to accelerate the development of novel vaccines by integrating institutions from across Europe under a single collaborative framework. This initiative has empowered the global vaccine community since 2009 including contributing toward the development and optimization of vaccine candidates as well as the provision of new adjuvants, research protocols, and technologies. Scientific services were provided in support of 88 different vaccine development projects, and 400 professionals attended TRANSVAC training events on various vaccine-related topics.

Securing the Future: Strategies for Global Polio Vaccine Security Amid Eradication Efforts.

As we commemorate 50 years of the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI), the global mission to eradicate polio stands at a critical juncture. While remarkable progress has been made over the past decades, ensuring a steady supply of polio vaccines remains a significant challenge that could undermine these achievements. This manuscript aims to address the complexities of polio vaccine security within the context of the Immunization Agenda 2030 (IA2030) and the Global Polio Eradication Strategy 2022-2029, proposing actionable strategies to strengthen the vaccine supply.

Non-Invasive Malaria Detection in Sub-Saharan Africa Using a DNA-Based Sensor System.

Malaria poses a serious global health problem, with half the world population being at risk. Regular screening is crucial for breaking the transmission cycle and combatting the disease spreading. However, current diagnostic tools relying on blood samples face challenges in many malaria-epidemic areas.