The clinical meaning of the UIP pattern in fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis on cryobiopsy: A multicentre retrospective study.

Fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (f-HP) is an interstitial lung disease in which various antigens in susceptible individuals may play a pathogenetic role. This study evaluates the role of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in identifying a UIP-like pattern and its association with fibrosis progression. We conducted a multicentre retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with f-HP who underwent BAL and TBLC between 2011 and 2023.

Development of a Screening Intervention for Dysphagia in Hospitalised Geriatric Patients.

Prevalence of dysphagia is high in hospitalised geriatric patients, posing risks of complications including malnutrition, dehydration, aspiration, and pneumonia. These complications may lead to reduced daily functioning, frailty, prolonged hospital stays, readmissions, and mortality. Diagnosing dysphagia in geriatric patients is often challenging due to the complex health conditions of this patient group, and overall these patients are at risk of lack of continuity in patient pathways and unnecessary hospitalisations.

Higher bone mineral density at six years of age in very preterm-born infants fed human milk compared to formula feeding. A secondary analysis of an RCT.

Unlabelled: In very preterm-born infants, nutritional intake is important to reduce the risk of severe metabolic bone disease including the risk of a lower bone mineral density (BMD). The aim of this study was to evaluate bone mineral content (BMC) and BMD (measured as BMC per bone area (BA)) at six years of age in very preterm-born infants fed different diets post-discharge. Data on this topic so far is insufficient, and with this study we aim to supply more useful data.

Low-volume transanal irrigation (TAI) in the treatment of functional faecal incontinence in children: a cohort study.

Purpose: Functional faecal incontinence (FFI) is a stigmatising condition for a child and parents and can be a challenge to treat even in tertiary centres. Transanal irrigation (TAI) is an emerging treatment with great success in refractory cases. We performed TAI with a substantially decreased amount of water used (low-volume TAI), yet no previous evidence exists on this treatment in children.

Photosynthesis in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 is not optimally regulated under very high CO.

One strategy for CO mitigation is using photosynthetic microorganisms to sequester CO under high concentrations, such as in flue gases. While elevated CO levels generally promote growth, excessively high levels inhibit growth through uncertain mechanisms. This study investigated the physiology of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp.

Identifying metabolomic mediators of the physical activity and colorectal cancer relationship.

Background: Current evidence suggests higher physical activity (PA) levels are associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the mediating role of the circulating metabolome in this relationship remains unclear.

Methods: Targeted metabolomics data from 6,055 participants in the EPIC cohort were used to identify metabolites associated with PA and derive a metabolomic signature of PA levels.

The Efficacy of Cryoneurolysis on Chronic Pain in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis; A Double-blinded Randomized Controlled Sham Trial.

Background: The objective was to investigate if cryoneurolysis were superior to sham in reducing pain intensity in patients with chronic knee osteoarthritis. We hypothesized that cryoneurolysis was an effective and safe therapy to reduce chronic pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: The study was a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled.

Small Remnants versus Large Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins in Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.

Background: Small remnants may penetrate the arterial intima more efficiently compared to large triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRL). We tested the hypothesis that the importance of remnant cholesterol for the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) may depend on the size of the remnants and TGRL carrying cholesterol.

Methods: The cholesterol content of small remnants and large TGRL were measured in 25 572 individuals from the Copenhagen General Population Study (2003-2015) and in 222 721 individuals from the UK Biobank (2006-2010) using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Patient and physical therapists' views on physical rehabilitation exercise in the early phase after total hip arthroplasty: a qualitative interview study.

Purpose: Physical rehabilitation exercises (PRE) are commonly prescribed early after total hip arthroplasty (THA), but the fundamental effectiveness of PRE has been questioned. As little is known about stakeholder perceptions of PRE, the aim was to explore patients' and physical therapists' perceptions of using PRE in the early period after THA.

Methods: A qualitative interview study was conducted.

Myristoylated Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1 captures the ciliary vesicle at distal appendages.

The primary cilium is a microtubule-based organelle that cycles through assembly and disassembly. In many cell types, formation of the cilium is initiated by recruitment of ciliary vesicles to the distal appendage of the mother centriole. However, the distal appendage mechanism that directly captures ciliary vesicles is yet to be identified.

Venous thromboembolism in bullous pemphigoid: current evidence and update on systematic review.

Various studies have shown that individuals with bullous pemphigoid (BP) are more likely to develop venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, it is important to acknowledge that these studies primarily focused on individuals in Western nations, which restricts their generalization to a wider demographic. The present systematic review aims to assess the cumulative risk of VTE in individuals with BP compared to healthy individuals.

Previous surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis and association with amyloidosis and heart failure - A Danish nationwide study.

Introduction: Cardiac Amyloidosis (CA) is characterised by amyloid fibril deposits causing heart failure (HF). Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is recognised as a potential red flag for CA, but the association remains underexplored in large-scale studies.

Methods: This nationwide registry-based cohort study in Denmark included subjects ≥60 years with a history of LSS surgery.

Ventral Rectopexy: An International Expert Panel Consensus and Review of Contemporary Literature.

Background: Ventral rectopexy has become increasingly utilized in the surgical management of rectal prolapse. There is a need for a contemporary evaluation of the role of the procedure and description of its use in clinical practice.

Objective: To create an international consensus on ventral rectopexy.

The role of the early-life gut microbiome in childhood asthma.

Asthma is a chronic disease affecting millions of children worldwide, and in severe cases requires hospitalization. The etiology of asthma is multifactorial, caused by both genetic and environmental factors. In recent years, the role of the early-life gut microbiome in relation to asthma has become apparent, supported by an increasing number of population studies, research, and intervention trials.

Effect of Remote Ischemic Conditioning on the Form and Function of Red Blood Cells in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Background: Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a simple and low-cost intervention that is thought to increase collateral blood flow through the vasodilatory effects of nitric oxide (NO) produced by the endothelium and red blood cells (RBCs). This study aims to investigate whether RIC affects RBC deformability and levels of NO and nitrite in patients with ischemic stroke.

Methods: This is a predefined substudy to the RESIST (Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Patients With Acute Stroke Trial) randomized clinical trial conducted in Denmark.

Validation of a Novel MRI Biomarker of Infarct Severity to Predict Functional Outcome After Endovascular Thrombectomy.

Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) dramatically improves clinical outcomes, but the final infarct volume (FIV) on MRI only accounts for a minority of the treatment effect. An imaging biomarker that more strongly correlates with post-EVT functional outcome would be helpful for clinical prognosis and serve as a surrogate outcome measure in trials of EVT-adjuvant therapies. Here, we aimed to validate a novel MRI-based metric, infarct density, which leverages post-EVT apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) as a marker of infarct severity.

Cost-effectiveness of semaglutide in people with obesity and cardiovascular disease without diabetes.

AimsThe cardioprotective effects of semaglutide 2.4 mg reported in the SELECT cardiovascular (CV) outcomes trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03574597) provide clinical benefit for subjects with overweight or obesity and established CV disease without type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Major change in swine influenza virus diversity in France owing to emergence and widespread dissemination of a newly introduced H1N2 1C genotype in 2020.

Swine influenza A viruses (swIAVs) are a major cause of respiratory disease in pigs worldwide, presenting significant economic and health risks. These viruses can reassort, creating new strains with varying pathogenicity and cross-species transmissibility. This study aimed to monitor the genetic and antigenic evolution of swIAV in France from 2019 to 2022.

Risk of Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Breast Cancer Patients Treated With CT-Guided Radiation Therapy: A Prospective Observational Study.

Purpose: The thyroid gland is an organ at risk in breast cancer survivors who receive radiation therapy to the supraclavicular lymph nodes. We investigated the effect of radiation dose to the thyroid gland on the incidence of hypothyroidism in early-stage breast cancer patients treated with CT-guided radiation therapy.

Patients And Methods: We recruited women aged ≤75 years diagnosed with breast cancer from March 2016 through August 2017 at Odense University Hospital, Denmark.

Increased Mortality After Lower Extremity Amputation in a Danish Nationwide Cohort: The Mediating Role of Postoperative Complications.

Objective: Patients who undergo major lower extremity amputation (MLEA) have the highest postoperative mortality among orthopedic patient groups. The comorbidity profile for MLEA patients is often extensive and associated with elevated postoperative mortality. This study primarily aimed to investigate the increased short- and long-term mortality following first and subsequent major lower extremity amputation.

Zooarchaeology of Managed, Captive, Tame, and Domestic Birds: Shifts in Human-Avian Relationships.

In this paper, I review archaeological evidence for shifting human-avian interactions. Many species of birds, altering their behavior in response to anthropogenic niche construction, experienced an increased encounter rate with humans. Intensification of this relationship led to management and domestication of some taxa.

Genomics costing tool: considerations for improving cost-efficiencies through cross scenario comparison.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is crucial for monitoring and investigating infectious disease outbreaks, providing essential data for public health decisions. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly expanded pathogen sequencing and bioinformatics capacities worldwide, creating an opportunity to leverage these advancements for other pathogens with pandemic and epidemic potential. In response to the need for a systematic cost estimation approach for sustainable genomic surveillance, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, five institutions collaborated to develop the genomics costing tool (GCT).

How does the medicines retail sector ensure continued access to medicines during public health emergencies? Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda.

Background: The medicines retail sector (MRS) enables access to life-saving health commodities. Despite efforts to harness this market for public health goals, in low- and middle-income countries it is rarely incorporated into pandemic preparedness. This paper analyses the role of the MRS in the response to COVID-19 in Uganda, the extent to which it was incorporated into national planning and in the continuity of essential services.

Mental Health and the Intersection of Perceived Discrimination and Social Inequalities Among Students in Germany - a Quantitative Intersectional Study.

Objectives: Discrimination poses a threat to the mental health of university students, especially those affected by social inequality, yet understanding its intersectional impact remains limited. This study examines the intersection of social inequalities with perceived discrimination to explore differences in mental health among students in Germany.

Methods: Data from the cross-sectional project "Survey on study conditions and mental health of university students" (n = 14,592) were analysed using Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy (MAIHDA).