Parental experience of change following VIPP-SD in families with preschool children with externalizing behavior: A qualitative interview study.

Background: Insensitive parenting and ineffective disciplinary strategies are known risk factors for child externalizing behavior. The Video-feedback Intervention to promote Positive Parenting and Sensitive Discipline (VIPP-SD) has documented effect in promoting sensitive parenting, but little is known on how VIPP-SD is experienced by parents. This study explores how parents of preschool children with externalizing behaviors experience change following VIPP-SD delivered by trained childcare providers.

Enhanced sensitivity and scalability with a Chip-Tip workflow enables deep single-cell proteomics.

Single-cell proteomics (SCP) promises to revolutionize biomedicine by providing an unparalleled view of the proteome in individual cells. Here, we present a high-sensitivity SCP workflow named Chip-Tip, identifying >5,000 proteins in individual HeLa cells. It also facilitated direct detection of post-translational modifications in single cells, making the need for specific post-translational modification-enrichment unnecessary.

Socioeconomic position and sudden cardiac death: A Danish nationwide study.

Aims: The aim of this study was to examine differences in incidence rates of all-cause mortality (ACM) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) in persons of differing socioeconomic position (SEP).

Methods: All deaths in Denmark from 01-01-2010 to 31-12-2010 (1 year) were included. Autopsy reports, death certificates, discharge summaries and nationwide health registries were reviewed to identify cases of SCD.

Once-weekly IcoSema versus once-weekly semaglutide in adults with type 2 diabetes: the COMBINE 2 randomised clinical trial.

Aims/hypothesis: COMBINE 2 assessed the efficacy and safety of once-weekly IcoSema (a combination therapy of basal insulin icodec and semaglutide) vs once-weekly semaglutide (a glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue) 1.0 mg in individuals with type 2 diabetes inadequately managed with GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) therapy, with or without additional oral glucose-lowering medications.

Methods: This 52 week, randomised, multicentre, open-label, parallel group, Phase IIIa trial was conducted across 121 sites in 13 countries/regions.

Single-cell transcriptome atlas of lamprey exploring Natterin- induced white adipose tissue browning.

Lampreys are early jawless vertebrates that are the key to understanding the evolution of vertebrates. However, the lack of cytomic studies on multiple lamprey organs has hindered progress in this field. Therefore, the present study constructed a comprehensive cell atlas comprising 604,460 cells/nuclei and 70 cell types from 14 lamprey tissue samples.

Nutritional stress in larvae induces adaptive responses that transcend generations in males of a model insect.

The ability of organisms to cope with poor quality nutrition is essential for their persistence. For species with a short generation time, the nutritional environments can transcend generations, making it beneficial for adults to prime their offspring to particular diets. However, our understanding of adaptive generational responses, including those to diet quality, are still very limited.

Cigarette smoke components modulate the MR1-MAIT axis.

Tobacco smoking is prevalent across the world and causes numerous diseases. Cigarette smoke (CS) compromises immunity, yet little is known of the components of CS that impact T cell function. MR1 is a ubiquitous molecule that presents bacterial metabolites to MAIT cells, which are highly abundant in the lungs.

Recent life events and adverse childhood experiences in predicting antenatal depression and anxiety: cross-sectional study.

Background: Antenatal depression and anxiety are associated with preterm labour, low birth weight, and postpartum depression, and can impact the emotional and mental development of the child. Both adverse childhood experiences and recent stressful events are linked to negative health outcomes. However, certain events may be more impactful than others.

Biomarker-Directed Radiotherapy in Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review.

Importance: Integration of molecular biomarker information into systemic therapy has become standard practice in breast cancer care. However, its implementation in guiding radiotherapy (RT) is slower. Although postoperative RT is recommended for most patients after breast-conserving surgery and, depending on risk factors, following mastectomy, emerging evidence has indicated that patients with low scores on gene expression signatures or selected clinical-pathological features may have very low local recurrence rates.

Formic acid dehydrogenation catalysed by a novel amino-di(N-heterocyclic carbene) based Ru-CNC pincer complex.

A new Ru(II) complex featuring a novel amino-di(N-heterocyclic carbene) CNC pincer ligand, CNC-RuCl(CO) (Ru-1), has been developed and characterised in depth. Ru-1 forms an efficient and durable catalytic formic acid dehydrogenation system in combination with the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethylphosphate (EMIM PO(OEt)).

Electroencephalography in Clinical Practice: Neurology Professionals' Views on Optimal Standards of Care.

Purpose: Delivering optimal care to patients with seizures and epilepsy requires all EEGs to be interpreted accurately and reliably. This study investigated neurology professionals' opinions on the ideal standards for EEG in clinical care.

Methods: We developed an anonymous e-survey targeting practicing and trainee neurologists focused on participants' demographics, clinical practice characteristics, and views on optimal EEG standards of care-including whether an EEG certification test is needed and whether postresidency/fellowship training in EEG/epilepsy is necessary for neurologists who interpret outpatient/routine EEGs in practice.

Perceived stress across population segments characterized by differing stressor profiles-A latent class analysis.

Objective: We aimed to 1) identify distinct segments within the general population characterized by various combinations of stressors (stressor profiles) and to 2) examine the socio-demographic composition of these segments and their associations with perceived stress levels.

Methods: Segmentation was carried out by latent class analysis of nine self-reported stressors in a representative sample of Danish adults (N = 32,417) aged 16+ years. Perceived stress level was measured by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS).

Interatomic Coulombic decay in lithium-doped large helium nanodroplets induced by photoelectron impact excitation.

Irradiation of condensed matter with ionizing radiation generally causes direct photoionization as well as secondary processes that often dominate the ionization dynamics. Here, large helium (He) nanodroplets with radius ≳ 40 nm doped with lithium (Li) atoms are irradiated with extreme ultraviolet (XUV) photons of energy hν ≥ 44.4 eV and indirect ionization of the Li dopants is observed in addition to direct photoionization of the He droplets.

Mapping the landscape and evidence of cross-sectoral collaboration models targeting individuals referred for assessment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder or autism spectrum disorder: protocol for a scoping review.

Introduction: Neurodevelopmental disorders, notably attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), present substantial challenges in mental health. Individuals referred for assessment in a psychiatric unit experience complex needs. This implies that their needs necessitate coordination across multiple sectors.

What is the current scope of research assessing patients' and clinicians' perspectives on clozapine treatment? A comprehensive scoping review.

Objectives: Clozapine is continuously underused. The existing systematic reviews addressing barriers to clozapine prescribing primarily focus on clinical staff's attitudes and perceived barriers to prescribing. However, a preliminary literature search revealed additional literature on the subject not previously included in systematic reviews, including literature on patient perspectives.

Mechanical circulatory support for patients with infarct-related cardiogenic shock: a state-of-the-art review.

Acute myocardial infarction-related cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS) is a severe, life-threatening condition characterised by inadequate tissue perfusion due to the heart's inability to pump blood effectively. The pathophysiology of AMI-CS usually arises from the sudden loss of myocardial contractility, leading to a decrease in cardiac output and systemic hypoperfusion. In approximately 90% of AMI-CS cases, the left ventricle is the primary site of dysfunction.

Tattoo ink exposure is associated with lymphoma and skin cancers - a Danish study of twins.

Background: We aim to study the potential association between tattoo ink exposure and development of certain types of cancers in the recently established Danish Twin Tattoo Cohort. Tattoo ink is known to transfer from skin to blood and accumulate in regional lymph nodes. We are concerned that tattoo ink induces inflammation at the deposit site, leading to chronic inflammation and increasing risk of abnormal cell proliferation, especially skin cancer and lymphoma.

Health-related quality of life at diagnosis and follow-up in Faroese and Danish patients with inflammatory bowel disease - a Faroese IBD cohort study.

Background And Aims: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have lower health-related quality of life (HRQoL) than the general population. The highest incidence and prevalence rates of IBD in the world are found in the Faroe Islands, however, the HRQoL of Faroese patients is unknown. This study aimed to determine their HRQoL at diagnosis and two years of follow-up in comparison with Danish patients.

Types of dietary sugars and carbohydrates, cardiometabolic risk factors, and risk of diabetes: a cohort study from the general Danish population.

Background: The role of carbohydrates in diabetes risk is of particular interest due to conflicting results. This study aims to examine the prospective association between types of dietary carbohydrates (fiber, starch, total sugar, glucose, fructose, lactose, maltose, and added sugar) and the risk of diabetes. Further, this study examines the cross-sectional associations between these nutrients and cardiometabolic risk factors.

Sex differences in the murine HPA axis after acute and repeated restraint stress.

Chronic stress and stress-related mental illnesses such as major depressive disorder (MDD) constitute some of the leading causes of disability worldwide with a higher prevalence in women compared to men. However, preclinical research into stress and MDD is heavily biased toward using male animals only. Aberrant activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has been linked to the development of MDD and several animal models of MDD have been established based on HPA axis dysregulation.

Formation of acrylamide in commercially available plant-based meat alternatives during domestic cooking.

The formation and occurrence of acrylamide in carbohydrate-rich foods has been extensively studied over the course of the past few decades. However, the emergence of plant-based meat alternatives presents a new challenge in this field. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of acrylamide in commercially available plant-based meat alternatives before and after heat treatment.

Molecular Understanding of Activity Changes of Alcohol Dehydrogenase in Deep Eutectic Solvents.

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as promising solvents for biocatalysis. While their impact on enzyme solvation and stabilization has been studied for several enzyme classes, their role in substrate binding is yet to be investigated. Herein, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of horse-liver alcohol dehydrogenase (HLADH) are performed in choline chloride-ethylene glycol (ChCl-EG) and choline chloride-glycerol (ChCl-Gly) at varying water concentrations.

Association between exposure to pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos at age 5 years and IQ at age 7 years among children from the Odense Child Cohort, a prospective birth cohort study.

Background: Over the past decade, the use of organophosphate insecticides including chlorpyrifos has faced increasing restrictions due to health concerns, leading to a rise in use of pyrethroids. Concerns about neurodevelopmental insults following pyrethroids exposure exist, but few studies have examined the long-term effects of childhood exposure to chlorpyrifos and pyrethroids on IQ.

Objective: To investigate the prospective associations between pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos exposure at age 5 years and IQ scores assessed at age 7.