Allergens Responsible for Contact Allergy in Children From 2010 to 2024: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Contact allergy (CA) is a frequent condition in children; however, newer estimates of the prevalence of CA in children are lacking. Herein, we aim to provide an estimate of the prevalence of CA in children from 2010 to 2024. Two authors independently searched PubMed, Embase and Web of Science for studies reporting the prevalence of positive patch tests (PPTs) to allergens in populations including ≥ 100 children (< 18 years).

getphylo: rapid and automatic generation of multi-locus phylogenetic trees.

Background: The increasing amount of genomic data calls for tools that can create genome-scale phylogenies quickly and efficiently. Existing tools rely on large reference databases or require lengthy de novo calculations to identify orthologues, meaning that they have long run times and are limited in their taxonomic scope. To address this, we created getphylo, a python tool for the rapid generation of phylogenetic trees de novo from annotated sequences.

Assessing competency in less invasive surfactant administration: simulation-based validity evidence for the LISA-AT scores.

Background: The Less Invasive Surfactant Administration Assessment Tool (LISA-AT) was developed to support operator training and competence assessment. This study aimed to gather validity evidence in the simulated setting to support using the LISA-AT scores.

Methods: Validity evidence was gathered using the Messick framework.

Decrease in Fracture Rate with Mandatory Bone-protecting Agents in the EORTC 1333/PEACE-3 Trial Comparing Radium-223 Combined with Enzalutamide Versus Enzalutamide Alone: A Safety Analysis.

Bone health is central to the management of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). International guidelines recommend giving a bone-protecting agent (BPA) to patients with mCRPC and bone metastases. However, the data supporting these recommendations were generated before androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) were available.

Selection of volatile markers for rubbery rot in apple fruit caused by Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis.

Although a major share of postharvest losses of apples is due to fungal fruit rots, their timely detection is difficult in commercial bulk-storage rooms. Therefore, a method was developed to identify the volatile markers of fruit naturally infected by Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis, a common storage-rot fungus of Northern Europe, and North and South America. Potato dextrose agar, apple juice agar, and fruit of the apple cultivar 'Nicoter' were inoculated with P.

Phylogenetic analysis of termite-associated Xylaria from Africa reveals hidden diversity.

Fungus-farming termite colonies host members of the genus Xylaria as stow-away fungi that emerge from deteriorating fungal gardens (combs) or dying termite nests. Fungus-farming termites originated in Africa, where the highest host diversity - eleven termite genera - exists, and later colonised parts of Asia, where five extant termite genera are known. Theory predicts that symbiont diversity should correlate with host diversity, but while 17 termite-associated Xylaria species have been described from Asia, a mere three African species have been formally described.

How spinal GABAergic circuits modulate cerebral processing of postsurgical pain.

Post-surgical pain affects millions each year, hindering recovery and quality of life. Surgical procedures cause tissue damage and inflammation, leading to peripheral and central sensitization, resulting in pain at rest or hyperalgesia to mechanical stimuli, among others. In a rat model for post-surgical pain, spinal GABAergic transmission via GABA receptors reduces mechanical hypersensitivity but has no effect on pain at rest.

Physical Color Calibration of Digital Pathology Scanners for Robust Artificial Intelligence Assisted Cancer Diagnosis.

The potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in digital pathology is limited by technical inconsistencies in the production of whole slide images (WSIs). This causes degraded AI performance and poses a challenge for widespread clinical application, as fine-tuning algorithms for each site is impractical. Changes in the imaging workflow can also compromise diagnostic accuracy and patient safety.

Hospitalizations during the 30-day period preceding the admission for the acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the Nationwide Readmission Database (NRD).

Introduction: The extent and associated reasons or characteristics related to patients presenting to hospital prior to acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are unknown.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed the Nationwide Readmission Database from 2018 to 2020 to evaluate hospitalizations within 30 days preceding the current hospitalization for STEMI in order to determine how often this occurs and what are the causes and factors associated with the recent admission.

Results: There were 1,355,765 hospital admissions with a diagnosis of STEMI and 54,545 (4.

Increased fish abundance, biodiversity, and body size near a North Sea oil and gas platform.

In the North Sea, offshore oil and gas (O&G) platforms must be totally removed through decommissioning at the end of their productive life. However, the role of O&G platforms in marine ecosystems, especially for fish assemblages, is not well enough defined yet. Here, we document the association between an O&G platform in the North Sea and the fish assemblages along a distance gradient of 1-600 m from the platform.

The effect of music on pregnancy-related insomnia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Pregnancy is associated with physical, physiological and hormonal changes, that significantly influence sleep. Pregnancy-related insomnia is associated with a higher risk of complications during pregnancy and labor as well as postpartum depression. Music is widely used to promote sleep, as it is easily accessible, non-pharmacological and without side effects, but the effect of music-listening for pregnancy-related insomnia is unclear.

Elevated temperature has more pronounced effect on anthesis tomato plant than cadmium stress and reduced nitrogen supply.

Plants are often exposed to combined stress, e.g. heat and cadmium (Cd) stress under natural conditions.

Proceedings of the 2024 Santa Fe Bone Symposium: Update on the Management of Osteoporosis and Rare Bone Diseases.

The 24 Annual Santa Fe Bone Symposium (SFBS) was held in Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, on August 2-3, 2024. This was a "hybrid" meeting, with in-person and real-time remote participants representing a broad range of geographical locations and medical disciplines. The focus was on new developments in the care of patients with osteoporosis, other metabolic bone diseases, and inherited skeletal disorders.

Integrating Deep Learning Derived Morphological Traits and Molecular Data for Total-Evidence Phylogenetics: Lessons from Digitized Collections.

Deep learning has previously shown success in automatically generating morphological traits which carry a phylogenetic signal. In this paper we explore combining molecular data with deep learning derived morphological traits from images of pinned insects to generate total-evidence phylogenies and we reveal challenges. Deep learning derived morphological traits, while informative, underperform when used in isolation compared to molecular analyses.

Lactulose use among patients with alcohol-related liver cirrhosis as a surrogate marker of hepatic encephalopathy: prevalence and association with mortality - a Danish nationwide cohort study.

Background & Aims: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE), one of the most serious prognostic factors for mortality in alcohol-related cirrhosis (ALD cirrhosis), is not recorded in Danish healthcare registries. However, treatment of HE with lactulose, the universal first-line treatment, can be identified through data on filled prescriptions. This study aimed to investigate if lactulose can be used as a surrogate marker of HE.

Influences of patient positioning and general anesthesia on condylar position and surgical accuracy in orthognathic surgery.

Objectives: To assess the effect of patient positioning and general anesthesia on the condylar position in orthognathic surgery.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study included patients undergoing orthognathic surgery between 2019 and 2020. Four weeks prior to surgery (T0) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and intra-oral scans (IOS) were acquired in an upright position.

Assessment of the Potential Clinical and Economic Impact of Weight Loss in the Adult Population with Obesity and Associated Comorbidities in Spain.

Introduction: Obesity and its complications are associated with high morbidity/mortality and a significant healthcare cost burden in Spain. It is therefore essential to know the potential clinical and economic benefits of reducing obesity. The objective of this study is to predict the decrease in rates of onset of potential complications associated with obesity and the cost savings after a weight loss of 15% over 10 years in Spain.

Occupational exposure to diesel engine exhaust and first-time acute myocardial infarction - a nationwide register-based cohort study 1976- 2018.

Aims: Exposure to air pollution including diesel engine exhaust (DEE) is associated with increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Few studies have investigated the risk of AMI according to occupational exposure to DEE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between occupational exposure to DEE and the risk of first-time AMI.

Dietary inclusion of high Amylose cornstarch increased Lactobacillus and Terrisporobacter and decreased Streptococcus in the cecal digesta of weanling pigs.

The study investigated the effect of dietary inclusion of high amylose cornstarch (HA-starch) on cecal microbiota composition and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations in weanling pigs fed high levels of cold-pressed canola cake (CPCC). Weaned pigs (240 mixed sex; 7.1 ± 1.

Prevalence of depression and association to socioeconomic position. Results from the Lolland-Falster Health Study.

Purpose: To describe the prevalence of self-reported depression in a socioeconomically deprived area in Denmark and the association to socioeconomic position (SEP) defined by education, occupation, and being in financial strain.

Method: 13,955 adults completing the Major Depression Inventory (MDI) in the Lolland-Falster Health Study questionnaire were included.Multivariate logistic regression on symptoms of depression based on MDI sum score and ICD-10 scores, associated to education, occupation, and financial strain - unadjusted and adjusted for sex and age group.

Management Measures and Trends of Biological Invasions in Europe: A Survey-Based Assessment of Local Managers.

Biological invasions are a major threat to biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and nature's contributions to people worldwide. However, the effectiveness of invasive alien species (IAS) management measures and the progress toward achieving biodiversity targets remain uncertain due to limited and nonuniform data availability. Management success is usually assessed at a local level and documented in technical reports, often written in languages other than English, which makes such data notoriously difficult to collect at large geographic scales.

Analgesic Overdose in Patients With Dental Pain. A Cross-Sectional Study in Two Dental Emergency Clinics.

Dental pain is common, and many patients use analgesics to alleviate the pain. Analgesics are readily accessible, and overdosing may lead to severe complications. This study explores the extent of analgesic overdosing in patients with dental pain.

Trends in utilization of tramadol and other opioids in Denmark 2017-2023: A nationwide drug utilization study.

The use of tramadol and other opioids for pain management has been accompanied by a multitude of challenges and concerns worldwide. The use of tramadol saw a decline in Denmark during 2017-2019 accompanied by a slight increase in the use of morphine and oxycodone. Using the Danish National Prescription Registry and utilizing data until and including 2023, we aimed to provide updated data on the utilization patterns of tramadol and other opioids in Denmark.