Frequency and predictors of decompressive craniectomy in ischemic stroke patients treated by mechanical thrombectomy in the ETIS registry.

Background And Aims: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is usually performed in a comprehensive stroke center with on-site neurosurgical expertise. The question of whether MT can be performed in a primary stroke center without a neurosurgical facility is debated. In this context, there is a need to determine the frequency, delay and predictors of neurosurgical procedures in patients treated by MT.

Whole blood no-lyse no-wash micromethod for the quantitative measurement of monocyte HLA-DR.

Background: Monocyte (m)HLA-DR expression appears to be a potent marker of immunosuppression in critically ill patients. The persistence of low mHLA-DR expression is associated with an increased risk of nosocomial infections and mortality. To adapt this measurement to pediatric requirements and provide extensive 24/7 access, we have developed a whole blood no-lyse no-wash micromethod (MM) and compared it with the standardized method (SM).

Pediatric Inferior Turbinate Hypertrophy: Diagnosis and Management. A YO-IFOS Consensus Statement.

Objective: Pediatric inferior turbinate hypertrophy (PedTH) is a frequent and often overlooked cause or associated cause of nasal breathing difficulties. This clinical consensus statement (CCS) aims to provide a diagnosis and management framework covering the lack of specific guidelines for this condition and addressing the existing controversies.

Methods: A clinical consensus statement (CCS) was developed by a panel of 20 contributors from 7 different European and North American countries using the modified Delphi method.

Robotic single-port multiquadrant surgery to treat renal tumors and benign abdominal conditions.

Background: Multiquadrant procedures are technically more demanding than sequential operations. The new single port (SP) system allows to work in every abdominal quadrant maintaining an adequate triangulation without the need for changes in the port positioning.

Methods: In February 2020, two patients underwent a robotic SP partial nephrectomy for malignancy combined with a cholecystectomy and a left inguinal hernia repair respectively.

CIITA promoter polymorphism impairs monocytes HLA-DR expression in patients with septic shock.

Low monocyte (m)HLA-DR expression is associated with mortality in sepsis. G-286A∗rs3087456 polymorphism in promoter III of HLA class II transactivator (), the master regulator of HLA, has been associated with autoimmune diseases but its role in sepsis has never been demonstrated. In 203 patients in septic shock, GG genotype was associated with 28-day mortality and mHLA-DR remained low whereas it increased in patients with AA or AG genotype.

Small intestine motility disorders: Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction.

Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a syndrome associating chronic or recurrent obstructive symptoms with intestinal dilation on imaging but without organic obstruction in the digestive tract. It is a rare disease with varying severity whose diagnosis is very complex. The diagnosis is based on clinical and paraclinical arguments in the context of repetitive occlusive syndromes when no mechanical obstruction of the digestive lumen is observed.

Donor variability alters differentiation and mechanical cohesion of tissue-engineered constructs with human endothelial/MSC co-culture.

To move towards clinical applications, tissue engineering (TE) should be validated with human primary cells and offer easy connection to the native vascularisation. Based on a sheet-like bone substitute developed previously, we investigated a mesenchymal stem cells/endothelial cells (MSCs/ECs) coculture to enhance pre-vascularisation. Using MSCs from six independent donors whose differentiation potential was assessed towards two lineages, we focused on donor variability and cell crosstalk regarding bone differentiation.

Perceived Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Association With Meals in a French Cohort of Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Background/aims: The aim of our study is to evaluate the association between meals and perceived gastrointestinal symptoms in real life in a French cohort of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients.

Methods: This prospective cross-sectional observational study included patients from the French association (association des patients souffrant du syndrome de l'intestin irritable [APSSII]) of IBS. Data were collected on demographics, IBS subtype, dietary food, and meal-induced gastrointestinal symptoms from patient filled self-questionnaires or questionnaires.

Prognosis Associated with Sub-Types of Hyperglycaemia in Pregnancy.

We aimed to compare pregnancy outcomes in 4665 women according to the following types of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy sub-types: (i) normoglycaemia, (ii) gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), (iii) diabetes in pregnancy (DIP), (iv) early-diagnosed (i.e., <22 weeks of gestation) GDM (eGDM), and (v) early-diagnosed DIP (eDIP).

Severe Myocardial Dysfunction after Non-Ischemic Cardiac Arrest: Effectiveness of Percutaneous Assist Devices.

Introduction: Despite the improvements in standardized cardiopulmonary resuscitation, survival remains low, mainly due to initial myocardial dysfunction and hemodynamic instability. Our goal was to compare the efficacy of two left ventricular assist devices on resuscitation and hemodynamic supply in a porcine model of ventricular fibrillation (VF) cardiac arrest.

Methods: Seventeen anaesthetized pigs had 12 min of untreated VF followed by 6 min of chest compression and boluses of epinephrine.

Discriminant value of repetitive behaviors in families with autism spectrum disorder and obsessional compulsive disorder probands.

Repetitive behaviors (RB) represent a wide spectrum of symptoms ranging from sensory-motor stereotypies to complex cognitive rituals, frequently dichotomized as low- and high-order sub-groups of symptoms. Even though these subgroups are considered as phenomenologically distinct in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), brain imaging and genetic studies suggest that they have common mechanisms and pathways. This discrepancy may be explained by the frequent intellectual disability reported in ASD, which blurs the RB expressivity.

Endoscopic Papillary Abnormalities and Stone Recognition (EPSR) during Flexible Ureteroscopy: A Comprehensive Review.

Introduction: The increasing efficiency of the different lasers and the improved performance of endoscopic devices have led to smaller stone fragments that impact the accuracy of microscopic evaluation (morphological and infrared). Before the stone destruction, the urologist has the opportunity to analyze the stone and the papillary abnormalities endoscopically (endoscopic papillary recognition (EPR) and endoscopic stone recognition (ESR)). Our objective was to evaluate the value for those endoscopic descriptions.

Regulation of SMC traction forces in human aortic thoracic aneurysms.

Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) usually express a contractile phenotype in the healthy aorta. However, aortic SMCs have the ability to undergo profound changes in phenotype in response to changes in their extracellular environment, as occurs in ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms (ATAA). Accordingly, there is a pressing need to quantify the mechanobiological effects of these changes at single cell level.

Toward improved endoscopic examination of urinary stones: a concordance study between endoscopic digital pictures vs microscopy.

Objective: To improve endoscopic recognition of the most frequently encountered urinary stone morphologies for a better aetiological approach in lithiasis by urologists.

Materials And Methods: An expert urologist intraoperatively and prospectively (between June 2015 and June 2018) examined the surface, the section, and the nucleus of all encountered kidney stones. Fragmented stones were subsequently analysed by a biologist based on both microscopic morphological (i.

Impact of Astaxanthin on Diabetes Pathogenesis and Chronic Complications.

Oxidative stress (OS) plays a pivotal role in diabetes mellitus (DM) onset, progression, and chronic complications. Hyperglycemia-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to reduce insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells, to impair insulin sensitivity and signaling in insulin-responsive tissues, and to alter endothelial cells function in both type 1 and type 2 DM. As a powerful antioxidant without side effects, astaxanthin (ASX), a xanthophyll carotenoid, has been suggested to contribute to the prevention and treatment of DM-associated pathologies.

Head or Neck First? Speed and Rates of Reperfusion in Thrombectomy for Tandem Large Vessel Occlusion Strokes.

Background: We aim to evaluate the speed and rates of reperfusion in tandem large vessel occlusion acute stroke patients undergoing upfront cervical lesion treatment (Neck-First: angioplasty and/or stent before thrombectomy) as compared to direct intracranial occlusion therapy (Head-First) in a large international multicenter cohort.

Methods: The Thrombectomy In TANdem Lesions (TITAN) collaboration pooled individual data of prospectively collected thrombectomy international databases for all consecutive anterior circulation tandem patients who underwent emergent thrombectomy. The co-primary outcome measures were rates of successful reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2b/3) and time from groin puncture to successful reperfusion.

Persistence of Intraluminal Thrombus Makes Saccular Aneurysm More Biologically Active than Fusiform in an Experimental Rat Model.

Introduction: Saccular aneurysms are thought to have a worse prognosis than fusiform aneurysms in humans, due to hemodynamic reasons. However, data comparing hemodynamic and biology in saccular and fusiform aneurysms are lacking. The main objective was to evaluate the impact of aneurysm morphology on intra-luminal thrombus (ILT) formation and activity.

Classification of the renal papillary abnormalities by flexible ureteroscopy: evaluation of the 2016 version and update.

Introduction: To assess the use of the 2016 proposed classification of the renal papillary abnormalities during flexible ureteroscopy that aims to standardize their description.

Patients And Methods: We performed a prospective monocentric single operator collection of the data using this classification during 88 consecutive flexible ureteroscopies required for renal stones treatment. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: data of stones analysis (microscopy and infrared spectrophotometry) and of serum and urines biochemical samples have been compared with the results of the classified endoscopic descriptions.