Poly(GP), neurofilament and grey matter deficits in expansion carriers.

Objective: To evaluate poly(GP), a dipeptide repeat protein, and neurofilament light chain (NfL) as biomarkers in presymptomatic repeat expansion carriers and patients with associated frontotemporal dementia. Additionally, to investigate the relationship of poly(GP) with indicators of neurodegeneration as measured by NfL and grey matter volume.

Methods: We measured poly(GP) and NfL levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 25 presymptomatic expansion carriers, 64 symptomatic expansion carriers with dementia, and 12 noncarriers.

CSF neurogranin or tau distinguish typical and atypical Alzheimer disease.

Objective: To assess whether high levels of cerebrospinal fluid neurogranin are found in atypical as well as typical Alzheimer's disease.

Methods: Immunoassays were used to measure cerebrospinal fluid neurogranin in 114 participants including healthy controls ( = 27), biomarker-proven amnestic Alzheimer's disease ( = 68), and the atypical visual variant of Alzheimer's ( = 19) according to international criteria. CSF total-tau, Aβ42, and neurofilament light concentrations were investigated using commercially available assays.