1,972 results match your criteria: "Dementia Frontotemporal Lobe"
Time-Frequency functional connectivity alterations in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia: An EEG analysis using machine learning.
Clin Neurophysiol
December 2024
School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China. Electronic address:
Objective: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are prevalent neurodegenerative diseases characterized by altered brain functional connectivity (FC), affecting over 100 million people worldwide. This study aims to identify distinct FC patterns as potential biomarkers for differential diagnosis.
Methods: Resting-state EEG data from 36 AD patients, 23 FTD patients, and 29 healthy controls were analyzed using time-frequency and bandpass filtering FC metrics.
Semantic behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia and semantic dementia associated with mutations.
Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener
December 2024
Institute of Neurology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a highly heritable group of neurodegenerative disorders, characterized by varying clinical and pathological features. gene has been described worldwide within the FTD/ALS spectrum but its association with right and left temporal variant of FTD (tvFTD) is still unclear. This study aimed to reclassify a Sardinian FTD cohort according to proposed criteria for the semantic behavioral variant FTD (sbvFTD), explore mutations' association with tvFTD, and review related literature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFrequency and neuropathology of HTT repeat expansions in FTD/ALS: co-existence rather than causation.
J Neurol
December 2024
Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, Tuebingen University Hospital, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
Article Synopsis
Introduction: This study evaluates the clinical value of a deep learning-based artificial intelligence (AI) system that performs rapid brain volumetry with automatic lobe segmentation and age- and sex-adjusted percentile comparisons.
Methods: Fifty-five patients-17 with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 18 with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and 20 healthy controls-underwent cranial magnetic resonance imaging scans. Two board-certified neuroradiologists (BCNR), two board-certified radiologists (BCR), and three radiology residents (RR) assessed the scans twice: first without AI support and then with AI assistance.
Primary Progressive Aphasia Lacking Core Features of Nonfluent and Semantic Variants: Clinical, Neuroimaging, and Neuropathologic Features.
Neurology
November 2024
From the Departments of Neurology (H.W., J.R.D., H.C., J.G.-R., K.A.J.), Psychology (M.M.M.), and Radiology (N.T.T.P., V.J.L., J.L.W.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neuroscience (Neuropathology) (D.W.D.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL.
Background And Objectives: Evidence has accumulated that the 2011 consensus criteria for primary progressive aphasia (PPA) do not fully capture features of logopenic variant PPA (lvPPA/LPA). We aimed to examine clinical, neuroimaging, and neuropathologic features of PPA lacking features of nonfluent/semantic variants and to provide practical additions to the 2011 consensus criteria.
Methods: This was a retrospective examination of data from 2 observational cohort studies where patients with PPA were prospectively recruited at Mayo Clinic.
The three clap test: a window into cognitive and frontal lobe dysfunction.
Neurol Sci
November 2024
Parkinsonism and Movement Disorders Treatment Center, Zvolen Hospital, Zvolen, Slovakia.
Article Synopsis
- The three clap test (TCT) is a quick bedside assessment that can reveal the applause sign (AS), which is characterized by patients clapping more than three times when asked to clap just three times.
- The AS helps distinguish between various neurological conditions, including progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and Parkinson's disease (PD), but can also appear in other conditions like Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia (FTD).
- The TCT can reveal additional behaviors, such as the non-applause sign linked to apathy in FTD and the jumping the gun sign indicating impulsivity in PSP, highlighting its value in clinical practice for assessing cognitive functions and behaviors.
[Behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia with stereotypic speech: a case report].
Rinsho Shinkeigaku
November 2024
Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University.
Article Synopsis
- An 85-year-old man with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia displayed reduced spontaneous speech and stereotypic speech patterns, indicating a progressive language disorder over two years, accompanied by changes in eating behavior.
- MRI scans revealed atrophy in the left frontal lobe, particularly affecting the superior, middle, and inferior frontal gyrus, while brain imaging showed decreased blood flow in these regions and the left basal ganglia.
- The diagnosis of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia was reached due to the patient's specific symptoms, the observed progression, and evidence of brain lesions, with the stereotypic speech deemed as non-meaningful recurrent utterances.
Social-semantic knowledge in frontotemporal dementia and after anterior temporal lobe resection.
Brain Commun
October 2024
MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Degraded semantic memory is a key feature of frontotemporal dementia (FTD), affecting both social and general knowledge, particularly in cases of semantic dementia and anterior temporal lobe (ATL) atrophy.
- Recent research has focused on how social-semantic knowledge is impacted in FTD, with a specific interest in the role of the right ATL compared to the left ATL.
- A study involving various FTD types and control groups found that social and non-social semantic deficits were significantly correlated in FTD, while unilateral ATL resection led to milder impairments without clear left/right differences in knowledge.
Dissecting neural correlates of theory of mind and executive functions in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia.
Alzheimers Res Ther
October 2024
Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates how brain region degeneration relates to social cognition (SC) and executive functions (EF) deficits in patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), involving 103 participants from Germany.
- - It reveals that performance in understanding social cues (using the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test) correlates mostly with gray matter volume and cortical thickness in the temporal and insular areas, while EF performance is linked to prefrontal regions.
- - The findings highlight that there is some overlap in the brain regions associated with both SC and EF, particularly in the insula and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and these patterns are clearer when considering both cognitive domains together.
The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis and Neurological Disorders: A Comprehensive Review.
Life (Basel)
September 2024
Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates.
Article Synopsis
- * Research over the past 20 years shows that the MGBA significantly affects various neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's, autism, ADHD, and others.
- * Understanding the MGBA can lead to new microbial-based treatments for these neurological conditions, as factors like diet, exercise, and medication can impact this communication pathway.
Regional cerebral blood flow in behavioral variant of FTD: hypoperfusion patterns and clinical associations.
Acta Neurol Belg
December 2024
2nd Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloníki, Greece.
Article Synopsis
- - The study employed SPECT imaging to analyze blood flow patterns in 23 patients diagnosed with behavioral variant Frontotemporal Dementia (bvFTD), focusing on areas of the brain linked to behavioral changes and dementia severity.
- - Results indicated significant hypoperfusion (reduced blood flow) in the frontal, limbic, and temporal lobes, with the limbic lobes being particularly affected in all participants.
- - The findings revealed correlations between reduced perfusion in these brain areas and the severity of behavioral disturbances, suggesting that these perfusion patterns could aid in the early diagnosis and treatment of bvFTD.
Perceptual and semantic deficits in face recognition in semantic dementia.
Neuropsychologia
December 2024
Memory & Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California in San Francisco, 1651 4th St, San Francisco, CA, 94158, United States; Douglas Research Centre & Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Montréal, QC, Canada, H4H 1R3. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Semantic dementia (SD) patients, particularly those with semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA) and semantic behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (sbvFTD), exhibit challenges in identifying faces due to atrophy in the anterior temporal lobe (ATL).
- The study involved 74 SD patients and 36 healthy controls, who underwent various face recognition and semantic processing tests, alongside structural MRI scans to assess neural correlates.
- Findings indicated that while both patient groups struggled with semantic face tasks, they performed similarly on perceptual face tests, suggesting that perceptual deficits may not arise until later stages of the disease with more extensive ATL atrophy.
Cortical activation in elderly patients with Alzheimer's disease dementia during working memory tasks: a multichannel fNIRS study.
Front Aging Neurosci
September 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Article Synopsis
- The study examined how the brains of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients respond during working memory tasks using a method called functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).
- It involved 17 older adults with AD and 17 cognitively normal participants to compare oxyhemoglobin (HbO) levels and functional brain connectivity during the tasks.
- Results indicated that AD patients had lower HbO concentrations and functional connectivity compared to the cognitively normal group, particularly in the frontal and temporal brain regions, highlighting potential markers for distinguishing AD from normal cognition.
Relationship between hearing impairment and dementia and cognitive function: a Mendelian randomization study.
Alzheimers Res Ther
October 2024
Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Changchun Street 45, Beijing, China.
Article Synopsis
- The study explores the causal relationship between different types of hearing impairment and their effects on dementia and cognitive function using two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.
- Results indicate that certain types of hearing loss, like conductive and sensorineural, are linked with specific dementia risks, particularly Lewy body dementia and frontotemporal dementia, while also affecting cognitive performance.
- The analysis finds that factors like loneliness and depression, as well as changes in brain structure, mediate the relationship between hearing impairment and dementia, rather than aging or stroke.
Diagnostic utility of brain MRI volumetry in comparing traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer disease and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia.
BMC Neurol
September 2024
Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Brain MRI with volumetric quantification helps distinguish between neurocognitive disorders by detecting brain atrophy not visible in standard visual assessments.
- A study with 137 participants revealed MRI volumetry's effectiveness in diagnosing traumatic brain injury and various forms of Alzheimer's disease, highlighting significant differences in brain volumes among the conditions.
- The results showed that the diagnostic accuracy was highest for traumatic brain injury, with specific brain regions identified as crucial predictive features for distinguishing between the disorders.
Digital language markers distinguish frontal from right anterior temporal lobe atrophy in frontotemporal dementia.
medRxiv
August 2024
Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers used automated speech analysis on audio-recorded picture descriptions from 40 FTD patients and 22 healthy controls to identify linguistic features that could help distinguish between the two types of atrophy associated with each variant.
- * The analysis revealed key speech features that could differentiate between FTD patients and healthy controls as well as between the two variants of FTD, suggesting potential for a non-invasive diagnostic tool that correlates with specific brain areas involved in language and
Better cardiovascular health is associated with slowed clinical progression in autosomal dominant frontotemporal lobar degeneration variant carriers.
Alzheimers Dement
October 2024
Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, Memory and Aging Center, San Francisco, California, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - Cardiovascular health, evaluated through Life's Simple 7 (LS7), is linked to slower cognitive decline and better brain integrity in patients with autosomal dominant frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD).
- - A study involving 247 FTLD genetic variant carriers and 189 non-carrier controls found that those with better cardiovascular health had slower memory and language declines, as well as less accumulation of frontal white matter hyperintensities (WMHs).
- - Maintaining good cardiovascular health could be a key modifiable strategy to improve cognitive outcomes and brain health in individuals at risk for genetic forms of dementia.
Unravelling the Silence: A Case Report on the Late Diagnosis of Language-Predominant Frontotemporal Dementia in a Rural Tertiary Hospital.
Cureus
August 2024
Department of Radiodiagnosis, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND.
Article Synopsis
- Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) primarily affects adults over 60 and results from damage to the frontal and temporal lobes, leading to changes in behavior and language.
- Diagnosing FTD typically takes around three years due to the lack of definitive tests, relying instead on imaging techniques like MRI and PET scans.
- Early detection and awareness of FTD are essential for improving treatment and management strategies, as highlighted by case studies of language deficits and memory issues linked to temporal lobe involvement.
Neurosurgical gene therapy for central nervous system diseases.
Neurotherapeutics
July 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Researchers reviewed the NIH ClinicalTrials.gov database to find clinical trials using viral vector gene therapies for neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases that require neurosurgery.
- They identified 64 trials targeting conditions like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and spinal muscular atrophy, with a focus on the surgical delivery methods used.
- The study highlighted the predominance of adeno-associated viral vectors (AAVs) and noted advances in delivery techniques, particularly MRI-guided methods that enhance treatment precision.
A Case of Personality and Behavioral Changes with Frontotemporal and Cerebellar Atrophy on MRI with Corresponding Hypometabolism on FDG-PET.
Case Rep Psychiatry
August 2024
Neurocognitive Clinic Mass General Brigham-Martha's Vineyard Hospital, Martha's Vineyard, MA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The case study discusses a 29-year-old woman diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) who later developed cognitive and behavioral symptoms, leading to additional diagnoses, including bipolar disorder.
- As she aged, her symptoms progressed, showing significant cognitive deficits and changes on MRI scans, indicating atrophy in the brain's frontal and cerebellar regions.
- Ultimately, the evaluation suggests a diagnosis of cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome (CCAS), highlighting the cerebellum's role in cognitive impairments associated with frontal subcortical conditions.
Cognitive and morphometric features of mild cognitive impairment reversion in early patients with Parkinson's disease.
Parkinsonism Relat Disord
October 2024
Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences - MRI Research Center Vanvitelli-FISM, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- * In a study of 134 early drug-naïve PD patients, 48% showed PD-MCI, with 24.6% reverting to normal cognition after one year, while 75.4% remained unchanged.
- * Factors like higher educational levels and better cognitive performance at baseline, along with greater cortical thickness in the left inferior temporal gyrus, were linked to a greater likelihood of reversion to normal cognition.
Article Synopsis
- Semantic dementia (SD) patients, including those with semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA) and semantic behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (sbvFTD), struggle with identifying faces and known individuals due to right anterior temporal lobe (ATL) atrophy, but the presence of perceptual deficits in face recognition is still uncertain.
- A study involving 74 SD patients and 36 cognitively healthy controls used a series of face processing tests and MRI scans to investigate the relationship between face recognition performance and brain structure.
- Results showed that both svPPA and sbvFTD patients had significant impairments in semantic face processing tasks, but they performed well on perceptual face recognition tests, indicating that perceptual abilities
Socioemotional Dysfunction From Temporal Lobe Involvement in Frontotemporal Dementia: A Preliminary Report.
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci
October 2024
Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles (Holiday, Khattab, Chavez, Melrose, Mendez); Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) (Holiday, Sheppard, Khattab, Chavez, Mendez); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA (Melrose, Mendez).
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates how brain atrophy relates to socioemotional changes in patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD).
- It found that patients with bvFTD exhibited more significant socioemotional dysfunction and had notable atrophy in the frontal and lateral anterior temporal lobes compared to EOAD patients.
- The results suggest that both frontal and right anterior temporal regions are key players in the socioemotional changes observed in bvFTD, while right parietal involvement appears relevant in EOAD.
Clinical recognition of frontotemporal dementia with right anterior temporal predominance: A multicenter retrospective cohort study.
Alzheimers Dement
August 2024
Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, De Boelelaan, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- A multicenter study involving 18 centers in 12 countries examined 360 patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) characterized by right anterior temporal lobe (RATL) atrophy to create a unified clinical description of the syndrome.
- Key symptoms identified in patients included mental rigidity (78%), disinhibition (74%), and naming difficulties (70%), with cognitive tests revealing specific deficits in social interactions and emotional recognition, though lacking in measuring mental rigidity.
- The findings represent the largest cohort of its kind, highlighting under-acknowledged symptoms of RATL and providing valuable insights for clinicians to improve early diagnosis and management of FTD patients.
Changes of brain functional network in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia: a graph-theoretic analysis.
BMC Neurosci
July 2024
Medical Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
Article Synopsis
- Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are two prevalent neurodegenerative disorders that exhibit similar symptoms, complicating their diagnosis and understanding their underlying mechanisms.
- The study utilized EEG data from multiple participants with AD, FTD, and healthy controls to analyze brain network connectivity and identify differences in functional connectivity patterns.
- Results showed increased connectivity in theta bands and decreased connectivity in alpha bands for both AD and FTD, with distinct patterns noted in AD, especially in the occipital region, highlighting the need for more targeted diagnostics and treatments.