714 results match your criteria: "Dementia: Overview of Pharmacotherapy"
Nervenarzt
October 2023
Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik mit Friedrich-Baur-Institut, LMU Klinikum, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München, Deutschland.
Background: Hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease are pathological protein aggregation, neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration and progressive symptoms. Due to the limited causal treatment options they represent a big challenge.
Objective: Overview of disease-modifying strategies in neurodegenerative diseases and outlook regarding future treatment development.
Neurochem Res
February 2024
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Numerous studies have demonstrated essential oils' diverse chemical compositions and pharmacological properties encompassing antinociceptive, anxiolytic-like, and anticonvulsant activities, among other notable effects. The utilization of essential oils, whether inhaled, orally ingested, or applied topically, has commonly been employed as adjunctive therapy for individuals experiencing anxiety, insomnia, convulsions, pain, and cognitive impairment. The utilization of synthetic medications in the treatment of various disorders and symptoms is associated with a wide array of negative consequences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
September 2023
Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects most people worldwide. AD is a complex central nervous system disorder. Several drugs have been designed to cure AD, but with low success rates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomolecules
September 2023
Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.
In this review article, we embark on a thorough exploration of cannabinoids, compounds that have garnered considerable attention for their potential therapeutic applications. Initially, this article delves into the fundamental background of cannabinoids, emphasizing the role of endogenous cannabinoids in the human body and outlining their significance in studying neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Building on this foundation, this article categorizes cannabinoids into three main types: phytocannabinoids (plant-derived cannabinoids), endocannabinoids (naturally occurring in the body), and synthetic cannabinoids (laboratory-produced cannabinoids).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAgeing Res Rev
November 2023
Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China; Department of Cell Biology, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China. Electronic address:
Ferroptosis is an iron- and lipid peroxidation (LPO)-mediated programmed cell death type. Recently, mounting evidence has indicated the involvement of ferroptosis in neurodegenerative diseases, especially in Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease (HD), and so on. Treating ferroptosis presents opportunities as well as challenges for neurodegenerative diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecules
July 2023
College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent degenerative condition that is increasingly affecting populations globally. American ginseng (AG) has anti-AD bioactivity, and ginsenosides, as the main active components of AG, have shown strong anti-AD effects in both in vitro and in vivo studies. It has been reported that ginsenosides can inhibit amyloid β-protein (Aβ) production and deposition, tau phosphorylation, apoptosis and cytotoxicity, as well as possess anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, thus suppressing the progression of AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochem Pharmacol
September 2023
Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China. Electronic address:
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are characterized by progressive loss of selectively vulnerable neuronal populations and myelin sheath, leading to behavioral and cognitive dysfunction that adversely affect the quality of life. Identifying novel therapies that attenuate the progression of NDDs would be of significance. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), a widely expressed transcriptional regulator, modulates the expression of genes engaged in mitochondrial biosynthesis, metabolic regulation, and oxidative stress (OS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Drug Saf
January 2024
Therapeutics Initiative, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are one of the most used classes of drugs. For most indications, PPIs are only recommended up to 8 weeks duration. However, PPI use continues to expand.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransl Neurodegener
July 2023
Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
A wealth of pre-clinical reports and data derived from human subjects and brain autopsies suggest that microbial infections are relevant to Alzheimer's disease (AD). This has inspired the hypothesis that microbial infections increase the risk or even trigger the onset of AD. Multiple models have been developed to explain the increase in pathogenic microbes in AD patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Geriatr Med
August 2023
School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Purpose: Because of the common and increasing use of antipsychotics in older adults, we aim to summarize the current knowledge on the causes of antipsychotic-related risk of falls in older adults. We also aim to provide information on the use of antipsychotics in dementia, delirium and insomnia, their adverse effects and an overview of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic mechanisms associated with antipsychotic use and falls. Finally, we aim to provide information to clinicians for weighing the benefits and harms of (de)prescribing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Environ Res Public Health
June 2023
Department of Chemical Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, USA.
Despite extensive research and seven approved drugs, the complex interplay of genes, proteins, and pathways in Alzheimer's disease remains a challenge. This implies the intricacies of the mechanism for Alzheimer's disease, which involves the interaction of hundreds of genes, proteins, and pathways. While the major hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease are the accumulation of amyloid plaques and tau protein tangles, excessive accumulation of cholesterol is reportedly correlated with Alzheimer's disease patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAging Clin Exp Res
October 2023
Gérontopôle of Toulouse, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France.
Background: Fatigue is a common symptom in neurodegenerative diseases and is associated with decreased cognitive performances. A full knowledge of the causes and physiopathological pathways leading to fatigue in Alzheimer's disease could help treating this symptom and obtain positive effects on cognitive functions.
Objectives: To provide an overview of the clinical conditions and the biological mechanisms leading to fatigue in Alzheimer's disease patients.
Medicina (Kaunas)
June 2023
Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA.
Antibiotics (Basel)
June 2023
Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
Diabetic foot infections (DFIs) are a common complication of diabetes; however, there is clinical uncertainty regarding the optimal antimicrobial selection. The aim of this review was to critically evaluate the recent systematic reviews on the efficacy and safety of systemic (parenteral or oral) antimicrobials for DFI. Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, and CINAHL databases and the PROSPERO register were searched from January 2015 to January 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Res Ther
June 2023
Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
In the ongoing effort to discover treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD), there has been considerable focus on investigating the use of repurposed drug candidates. Mining of electronic health record data has the potential to identify novel correlated effects between commonly used drugs and AD. In this study, claims from members with commercial health insurance coverage were analyzed to determine the correlation between the use of various drugs on AD incidence and claim frequency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Pharmacol
June 2023
Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine SAS Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Int J Mol Sci
May 2023
Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Temple, TX 76508, USA.
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets
April 2024
Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, S. Andrea Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale, 13100, Vercelli, Italy.
Neurodegenerative diseases are progressive brain disorders characterized by inexorable synaptic dysfunction and neuronal loss. Since the most consistent risk factor for developing neurodegenerative diseases is aging, the prevalence of these disorders is intended to increase with increasing life expectancy. Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of neurodegenerative dementia, representing a significant medical, social, and economic burden worldwide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Nanomedicine
June 2023
Natural Product Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shalom Institute of Health and Allied Sciences, SHUATS, Prayagraj, India.
Neoplasm (Glioblastoma) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) comprise two of the most chronic psychological ailments. Glioblastoma is one of the aggressive and prevalent malignant diseases characterized by rapid growth and invasion resulting from cell migration and degradation of extracellular matrix. While the latter is characterized by extracellular plaques of amyloid and intracellular tangles of tau proteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Discov Today
October 2023
Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal. Electronic address:
Glutaminyl cyclase (QC) activity has been identified as a key effector in distinct biological processes. Human glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase (QPCT) and glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase-like (QPCTL) are considered attractive therapeutic targets in many human disorders, such as neurodegenerative diseases, and a range of inflammatory conditions, as well as for cancer immunotherapy, because of their capacity to modulate cancer immune checkpoint proteins. In this review, we explore the biological functions and structures of QPCT/L enzymes and highlight their therapeutic relevance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNaunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
November 2023
Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai-56, Maharashtra, India.
Obesity is a global epidemic that affects people of all ages, genders, and backgrounds. It can lead to a plethora of disorders, including diabetes mellitus, renal dysfunction, musculoskeletal problems, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative abnormalities. Obesity has also been linked to neurological diseases such as cognitive decline, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease (AD), caused by oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the production of reactive oxygen free radicals (ROS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Mol Neurobiol
October 2023
Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100191, China.
The Apolipoprotein E ε4 (ApoE ε4) allele, encoding ApoE4, is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). Emerging epidemiological evidence indicated that ApoE4 contributes to AD through influencing β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and clearance. However, the molecular mechanisms of ApoE4 involved in AD pathogenesis remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Diagn Ther
July 2023
Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, frontotemporal dementia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are some of the most prevalent disorders currently afflicting healthcare systems. Many of these diseases share similar pathological hallmarks, including elevated oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, protein misfolding, excitotoxicity, and neuroinflammation, all of which contribute to the deterioration of the nervous system's structure and function. The development of diagnostic and therapeutic materials in the monitoring and treatment of these diseases remains challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurol Sci
October 2023
National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy.
Background: Dementia affects more than 55 million people worldwide. Several technologies have been developed to slow cognitive decline: deep brain stimulation (DBS) of network targets in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) have been recently investigated.
Objective: This study aimed to review the characteristics of the populations, protocols, and outcomes of patients with dementia enrolled in clinical trials investigating the feasibility and efficacy of DBS.
Ther Umsch
June 2023
Arbeitsbereich Altersmedizin, Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland.
Non-pharmacological Therapies of Dementia - an Update Non-pharmacological interventions for people with dementia are intended to improve quality of life and well-being, alleviate psychopathological and behavioral symptoms, and also offer caregivers support and opportunities to promote resilience. Against the background of the multiple failures in the field of pharmacological-therapeutic research, these approaches have become increasingly important. This is an up-to-date overview of the most important non-drug interventions for people with dementia and related recommendations for therapeutic use according to the current state of research and the recommendations of AWMF S3 guideline "dementia".
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