714 results match your criteria: "Dementia: Overview of Pharmacotherapy"
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
December 2024
General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Liaoning 110016, China. Electronic address:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains one of the most challenging neurodegenerative disorders to treat, with oxidative stress playing a significant role in its pathology. Recent advancements in nanoenzymes technology offer a promising approach to mitigate this oxidative damage. Nanoenzymes, with their unique enzyme-mimicking activities, effectively scavenge reactive oxygen species and reduce oxidative stress, thereby providing neuroprotective effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAgeing Res Rev
September 2024
Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; Alz-Dementia Korea Co., Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative brain disease that affects millions of people worldwide. It is caused by abnormalities in cholinergic neurons, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cascades. The illness is accompanied by personality changes, memory issues, and dementia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Pharmacother
August 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China. Electronic address:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder and the leading cause of age-related cognitive decline. Recent studies have established a close relationship between mitophagy and the pathogenesis of AD. Various phytochemicals have shown promising therapeutic effects in mitigating the onset and progression of AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSteroids
September 2024
Somaiya Institute for Research and Consultancy, Somaiya Vidyavihar University, Vidyavihar (East), Mumbai 400077, India. Electronic address:
Steroidal alkaloids are secondary metabolites that are often found in plants, fungi and sponges. These compounds are considered as a source of bioactive compounds for the treatment of chronic diseases, such as neurological disorder like Alzheimer's disease (AD). Some examples of alkaloid derivatives currently used to treat AD symptoms include galantamine, huperzine A, and other alkaloids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCNS Neurosci Ther
July 2024
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3), consisting of GSK3α and GSK3β subtypes, is a complex protein kinase that regulates numerous substrates. Research has observed increased GSK3 expression in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and models. AD is a neurodegenerative disorder with diverse pathogenesis and notable cognitive impairments, characterized by Aβ aggregation and excessive tau phosphorylation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Alzheimers Dis
October 2024
Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Disease-modifying therapies (DMT) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) are highly longed-for. In this quest, anti-amyloid therapies take center stage supported by genetic facts that highlight an imbalance between production and clearance of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) in AD patients. Indeed, evidence from basic research, human genetic and biomarker studies, suggests the accumulation of Aβ as a driver of AD pathogenesis and progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pharmacol
September 2024
Department of Life Sciences, GITAM School of Sciences, GITAM (Deemed to Be) University, Visakhapatnam, India. Electronic address:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains one of the most challenging and prevalent neurodegenerative disorders worldwide. Despite extensive research efforts, effective treatments for AD are lacking, emphasising the need for a deeper understanding of its underlying molecular mechanisms. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), a serine/threonine kinase primarily associated with cell cycle regulation and neuronal development, has emerged as a key player in AD pathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pharmacol
August 2024
Department of Gastroenterology, Chengdu Integrated TCM&Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610059, China. Electronic address:
Dementia treatment has become a global research priority, driven by the increase in the aging population. Punicalagin, the primary polyphenol found in pomegranate fruit, exhibits a variety of benefits. Today, a growing body of research is showing that punicalagin is a nutraceutical for the prevention of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
June 2024
School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America.
Objective: The growing deprescribing field is challenged by a lack of consensus around evidence and knowledge gaps. The objective of this overview of systematic reviews was to summarize the review evidence for deprescribing interventions in older adults.
Methods: 11 databases were searched from 1st January 2005 to 16th March 2023 to identify systematic reviews.
J Psychiatr Pract
May 2024
Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of individuals worldwide, with no effective cure. The main symptoms include learning and memory loss, and the inability to carry out the simplest tasks, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. Over the past few years, tremendous progress has been made in research demonstrating a link between AD and major depressive disorder (MDD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemMedChem
September 2024
Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
The abnormal aggregation of Aβ has been considered one of the primary causative factors for Alzheimer's disease. Diverse molecular entities have been developed to mitigate the formation of toxic Aβ aggregates within the brain by inhibiting Aβ aggregation. Recognizing that many FDA-approved drugs are derived from natural products, we present a summary of recent discoveries involving natural product molecules with inhibitory effects on Aβ aggregation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
April 2024
Sports Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA.
The incidence and prevalence of concussion, a type of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), have steadily increased among athletes, both students and professionals, across a wide variety of sports, including, but not limited to, swimming, tennis, football, and boxing. Recent data have demonstrated that sports are one of the leading causes of concussions among student athletes. While the exact mechanism of concussion onset has yet to be fully elucidated, data suggest that the pathophysiology involves rotational acceleration and deceleration of the brain, leading to axon tearing and disturbance in the metabolic cascade of glucose.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Neurol
September 2024
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China. Electronic address:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder that leads to progressive cognitive decline and neuropathological changes. Pericytes, which are vessel mural cells on the basement membrane of capillaries, play a crucial role in regulating cerebrovascular functions and maintaining neurovascular unit integrity. Emerging research substantiates the involvement of pericytes in AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pharm Pharmacol
September 2024
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Gantenerumab, a human monoclonal antibody (mAb), has been thought of as a potential agent to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD) by specifically targeting regions of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide sequence. Aβ protein accumulation in the brain leads to amyloid plaques, causing neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, neuronal damage, and neurotransmitter dysfunction, thereby causing cognitive decline in AD. Gantenerumab involves disrupting Aβ aggregation and promoting the breakdown of larger Aβ aggregates into smaller fragments, which facilitates the action of Aβ-degrading enzymes in the brain, thus slowing down the progression of AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAgeing Res Rev
July 2024
Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India. Electronic address:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurological condition that has become a leading cause of cognitive decline in elder individuals. Hardly any effective medication has been developed to halt the progression of AD due to the disease's complexity. Several theories have been put forward to clarify the mechanisms underlying AD etiology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
April 2024
Department of Biomedical Education, California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clovis, USA.
Biomed Pharmacother
June 2024
College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830000, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830004, China. Electronic address:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) comprises a group of neurodegenerative disorders with some changes in the brain, which could lead to the deposition of certain proteins and result in the degeneration and death of brain cells. Patients with AD manifest primarily as cognitive decline, psychiatric symptoms, and behavioural disorders. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are a class of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) produced by gut microorganisms through the fermentation of dietary fibre ingested.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurochem Int
July 2024
KIET School of Pharmacy, KIET Group of Institutions, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences (OVAS), School of Medicine, Wayne State University, USA. Electronic address:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains one of the most formidable neurological disorders, affecting millions globally. This review provides a holistic overview of the therapeutic strategies, both conventional and novel, aimed at mitigating the impact of AD. Initially, we delve into the conventional approach, emphasizing the role of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, which has been a cornerstone in AD management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Alzheimers Dis
May 2024
Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA.
Given continued failure of BACE1 inhibitor programs at symptomatic and prodromal stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD), clinical trials need to target the earlier preclinical stage. However, trial design is complex in this population with negative diagnosis of classical hippocampal amnesia on standard memory tests. Besides recent advances in brain imaging, electroencephalogram, and fluid-based biomarkers, new cognitive markers should be established for earlier diagnosis that can optimize recruitment to BACE1 inhibitor trials in presymptomatic AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
April 2024
Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Plant-derived multitarget compounds may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for multifactorial diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Artemisinin and its derivatives were indicated to beneficially modulate various aspects of AD pathology in different AD animal models through the regulation of a wide range of different cellular processes, such as energy homeostasis, apoptosis, proliferation and inflammatory pathways. In this review, we aimed to provide an up-to-date overview of the experimental evidence documenting the neuroprotective activities of artemi-sinins to underscore the potential of these already-approved drugs for treating AD also in humans and propose their consideration for carefully designed clinical trials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Top Med Chem
September 2024
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial disorder resulting from the complex interaction between genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. It represents an impending epidemic and lacks effective pharmacological interventions. The emergence of high throughput sequencing techniques and comprehensive genome evaluation has uncovered a diverse spectrum of noncoding RNA (ncRNA) families.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Res
July 2024
Department of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China. Electronic address:
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline. Voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), a protein located in the outer mitochondrial membrane, plays a critical role in regulating mitochondrial function and cellular energy metabolism. Recent studies have identified VDAC as a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Alzheimers Dis
April 2024
Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an extremely complex and heterogeneous pathology influenced by many factors contributing to its onset and progression, including aging, amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, tau fibril accumulation, inflammation, etc. Despite promising advances in drug development, there is no cure for AD. Although there have been substantial advancements in understanding the pathogenesis of AD, there have been over 200 unsuccessful clinical trials in the past decade.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZool Res
March 2024
Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau CNS Regeneration Institute of Jinan University, Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Jinan University)-Ministry of Education, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China. E-mail:
Huntington's disease (HD) is a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder for which there is currently no effective treatment available. Consequently, the development of appropriate disease models is critical to thoroughly investigate disease progression. The genetic basis of HD involves the abnormal expansion of CAG repeats in the huntingtin ( ) gene, leading to the expansion of a polyglutamine repeat in the HTT protein.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF