Hepatocellular degeneration in mice co-exposed to in-utero aluminium and cadmium: Implication of a disordered antioxidant and energy homeostatic response in the liver.

The current study comprised four groups of pregnant animals viz; Control (CTR) received 10 ml/kg of normal saline, Al:10 mg/kg of AlCl, Cd: 1.5 mg/Kg of CdCl Al+Cd; 10 mg/kg of AlCl and 1.5 mg/Kg of CdCl.

Evaluation of antibiotic use and analysis of ciprofloxacin and gentamicin residue in fish samples from farms in Lagos, Nigeria.

Antibiotic use in aquaculture for increase yield has been established over time; however, consumption of such fish may lead to inadvertent intake of sub therapeutic doses of antibiotics. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the extent of antibiotic use in fish farming and ciprofloxacin and gentamicin residues in fish that are consumed in Lagos, Nigeria. It was conducted in two parts: a survey of 60 fish producers to assess their use of antibiotics and an analysis of ciprofloxacin and gentamicin residues in fish organs using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Prenatal double-hit with aluminium and cadmium mediate testicular atrophy and hypothalamic hypoplasia: the role of oxido-nitrergic stress and endocrine perturbations.

There is limited experimental evidence on the biochemical consequences of aluminium (Al) and cadmium (Cd) co-exposures during pregnancy and postnatal life.This study investigated the impacts of perinatal Al chloride (AlCl) and Cd chloride (CdCl) co-exposures on neuroendocrine functions in mice offspring during postnatal life. The study comprised of four pregnant experimental groups.

Newspaper depiction of mental illness in Nigeria.

Mental illness is fast becoming a leading cause of global disease burden, yet this aspect of public health remains highly neglected in Nigeria. The public relies on newspapers for diverse information needs and the way newspapers portray mental illness-related issues tends to sway public perception of such ailments. This study examined the level of media attention and prime discursive resources utilized by newspapers to depict mental illness-related issues from 2015 to 2019.

Ethical challenges in obstetric emergencies in low- and middle-income countries.

Obstetric emergencies are challenging, requiring implementation of a rapid sequence of interventions in a very short time to optimize clinical outcome. Managing obstetric emergencies could evoke ethical dilemmas for the obstetrician because of limited time to adequately educate the patient about her condition; impaired consciousness of the patient to give consent; nonexistent prior patient -doctor relationship and the need to consider both the patient and the fetus. In Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), poor access to appropriate emergency care, structural and financial barriers and a largely uneducated and a deeply cultural population contribute to the ethical challenges.

Perceived Stress and Stressors among Undergraduate Medical Students of a Nigerian Institution.

Aim: To identity stressors and measure the intensity of stress perceived by clinical students in a Nigerian institution.

Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study of fifth and sixth-year medical students using the 40-item Medical Student Stressor Questionnaire (MSSQ). Students marked their responses to each of the 40 questions on a Likert scale ranging from-causing no stress at all (0) to causing severe stress (4).

The Impact of Simulation-Based Training in Cardiovascular Medicine: A Systematic Review.

Cardiovascular medicine and practice in recent times have evolved as complex procedures are performed to manage difficult cases. The majority of these interventions are done percutaneously in order to minimize patient risk. Additionally, training specialist in handling these interventions require a lot of exposure to them; as such, patients are at higher risk of errors and complications from trainees before attaining expertise.

Epigallocatechin-gallate attenuates rapamycin exacerbated high fat diet-induced autophagy, hormonal dysregulation, testicular and brain oxidative stress, and neurochemical changes in rats.

This study investigated whether epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) could counteract the detrimental effects of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in rats exposed to rapamycin-induced reproductive and neuronal changes. Six rats per treatment group (n = 6) were utilized, in which groups 1 and 2 had dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) (0.1%) and EGCG (80 mg/kg) respectively.

Pattern of color inheritance in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus): an expression of a Mendelian law.

In this study the pattern of color of inheritance based on Mendel's laws on the Clarias gariepinus strain was evaluated, to ascertain the different traits of albino, normally pigmented, and a combination of both traits that could be passed across from the parent stocks to the progenies. Since albinism is caused by a series of genetic abnormalities resulting in the reduction of melanin production, partial diallel cross between normally pigmented and albino fish was carried out using two females (albino and normal pigmented brood fish) weighing 2.5 kg and 3 kg, respectively; they were used in crossing two males (albino and normal pigmented brood fish) that weighed 1.

Safety and antimalarial therapeutic index of alkaloid-rich extract of Schumach. & Thonn. in mice.

Background: Malaria fever is known to cause around one million passings per annum. This life-threatening infection is predominant in most part of Africa. Malaria vaccinations are challenging in Nigeria, particularly in rural areas.

Sociodemographic predictors of non-communicable diseases risk-related knowledge and behaviours: a cross-sectional study of in-school adolescents in a southern Nigerian State.

Introduction: the adolescence period is a significant phase in development of non-communicable diseases. Public health interventions that reduce risky behaviors among adolescents are beneficial across the life course. This study assessed the level of non-communicable diseases (NCDs´) risk-related knowledge, the prevalence of NCDs´ risk behavior, and the sociodemographic predictors of NCDs´ risk-related knowledge and behaviors among in-school adolescents in a Southern Nigerian State.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in dust from rural communities around gas flaring points in the Niger Delta of Nigeria: an exploration of spatial patterns, sources and possible risk.

Indoor and outdoor dust from three rural communities (Emu-Ebendo, EME, Otu-Jeremi, OTJ, and Ebedei, EBD) around gas flaring points, and a rural community (Ugono Abraka, UGA) without gas flare points, in the Niger Delta of Nigeria, was analysed for the concentrations and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), their sources, and possible health risk resulting from human exposure to PAHs in dust from these rural communities. The PAHs were extracted from the dust with a mixture of dichloromethane/-hexane by ultrasonication, and purified on a silica gel/alumina packed column. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was employed to determine the identity and concentrations of PAHs in the cleaned extracts.

Sleep quality and associated factors among patients with chronic kidney disease in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Poor sleep quality adversely affects the overall well-being and outcomes of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it has not been well studied in Africans with CKD. We determined the prevalence of poor sleep quality and associated factors among patients with CKD.

An Assessment of Community Pharmacists' Competence and Involvement in Adolescent Sexuality Education and Reproductive Health Services.

Provision of sexuality education and reproductive health (SERH) services for the adolescent population has been inadequate. Increasing access to adolescent SERH through the community pharmacy is a viable option in bridging this gap. The study objectives were to assess community pharmacists' involvement, self -reported competence, confidence and comfort level regarding provision of adolescent SERH services and explore barriers to service delivery.

The Role of Childhood Obesity in Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Review.

Childhood obesity is a growing concern worldwide, with significant implications for public health. Of particular interest is its association with the early onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children. Exploring this relationship and identifying contributing factors may help strengthen understanding of this complex relationship.

Bio-sorptive remediation of crude oil polluted sea water using plantain () leaves as bio-based sorbent: Parametric optimization by Taguchi technique, equilibrium isotherm and kinetic modelling studies.

This study investigated the potential of employing plantain leaves as a natural bio-based sorbent for crude oil spill polluted seawater remediation. Type L(3) Taguchi orthogonal array technique was used to evaluate the effect of four independent bio-sorption factors at three different levels (crude oil initial concentration (X 7.8, 11.

Solid-state fermentation production of L-lysine by Corynebacterium glutamicum (ATCC 13032) using agricultural by-products as substrate.

To meet the growing demand for L-lysine, an essential amino acid with various applications, it is crucial to produce it on a large scale locally instead of relying solely on imports. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of using Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 for L-lysine production from agricultural by-products such as palm kernel cake, soybean cake, groundnut cake, and rice bran. Solid-state fermentation was conducted at room temperature for 72 h, with the addition of elephant grass extract as a supplement.

Facile fabrication and antibacterial properties of chitosan/acrylamide/gold nanocomposite hydrogel incorporated with Chaetomium globosium extracts from Gingko biloba leaves.

Microorganisms are a unique part of our ecosystem because they affect the survival of living organisms. Although pathogenic microorganisms could be detrimental to the plants, animals, and humans, beneficial microbes have provided significant improvement in the growth and development of living organisms. In this study, the fungus Chaetomium globosium was isolated from the medicinal tree Gingko biloba, and then incorporated into a polymerization system to fabricate chitosan/acrylamide/gold (CS/Am/Au) nanocomposite hydrogels.

The Role of International Collaborations in Sustainable Neurosurgical Development in Nigeria.

Objective: Despite 6 decades of existence, neurosurgery is still in the developing stages in Nigeria. In this era of collaborative health system capacity-building in low- and middle-income countries, this article reviews past efforts and future prospects for collaborative neurosurgical development in Nigeria.

Methods: A bibliometric review of the Nigerian neurosurgical literature and data from a structured survey of Nigerian neurosurgeons and residents provided details of current local and international collaborations for neurosurgical research, service delivery, training, and capacity building.

The Status of Specialist Neurosurgical Training in Nigeria: A Survey of Practitioners, Trainers, and Trainees.

Objective: Despite the well-known neurosurgical workforce deficit in Sub-Saharan Africa, there remains a low number of neurosurgical training programs in Nigeria. This study sought to reassess the current status of specialist neurosurgical training in the country.

Methods: An electronic survey was distributed to all consultant neurosurgeons and neurosurgery residents in Nigeria.

Recovery Patterns of COVID-19 Related Smell Disorders: An Analysis of the Available Evidence.

Recently acquired olfactory dysfunction (OD) has emerged as one of hallmark manifestations of the novel Corona virus disease (COVID-19), but the evolution of its spontaneous recovery has remained inconclusive, with reports of persistence of OD beyond six months of onset. We undertook this systematic review and meta-analysis with a view to generating a pooled recovery rate of COVID-19 associated olfactory dysfunctions and attempt to examine the predictors of olfactory recovery. Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Arjunolic acid reverses fluoxetine-induced alterations in testicular steroidogenic enzymes and membrane bound ionic pump imbalance through suppression of oxido-inflammatory stress and apoptosis.

Objective: The impact of the anti-depressant therapy on gonadal function has been recognized and discussed over the years. However, data to supplement our understanding of the impact of arjunolic acid (AA) therapies in protecting against FXT-induced gonadal dysfunction is lacking clear scientific evidence. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the possible effect of AA on fluoxetine-induced altered testicular function in rats.

Blood donation practices, processing and utilisation of blood components in government tertiary hospitals in Nigeria: a multicentre cooperative study.

Background: Timely access to safe blood and blood components is still a challenge in Nigeria. This study aimed to determine blood donation practices, processing and utilization of blood components across government tertiary hospitals (THs) in Nigeria.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study done in Nigeria in June-July 2020.

Assessment of prescribing in under-five paediatric outpatients in Nigeria: an application of the POPI (Pediatrics: Omission of Prescription and Inappropriate Prescription) tool.

Objectives: This study evaluated prescribing in children under the age of five attending paediatric outpatient clinics at three Central hospitals in Delta State, Nigeria and determined the conditions mostly associated with inappropriate prescriptions and omissions.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of prescriptions made to children from 0 to 59 months who attended the clinics. Prescriptions were evaluated using the POPI tool, occurrence of potentially inappropriate prescriptions and prescribing omissions were reported as percentages and inappropriate prescription types and prescription omissions were also reported as frequencies.